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HA N 1 1 e 09 150dpi136 6131 PDF
HA N 1 1 e 09 150dpi136 6131 PDF
by Pressure Swing
Adsorption
2
Contents.
3 Introduction
4 The process
Turndown operation
Safety aspects
Building / shelter
Contact
Introduction.
The experience
The use of the Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) process
has seen tremendously growth during the last decades
mainly due to its simplicity and low operating costs. Major
applications have been the recovery of high purity hydrogen,
methane and carbon dioxide as well as the generation of
nitrogen and oxygen. In addition, it has gained significance
for the bulk removal of carbon dioxide from direct reduction
top-gases.
The process.
The separation of nitrogen and oxygen from
air takes place in an adsorber vessel filled with
carbon molecular sieve.
This is based on the fact of faster kinetic diffu-
sion of oxygen molecules into the pore struc-
ture of the carbon molecular sieve than for
nitrogen molecules.
Pressure time diagram for nitrogen PSA process Carbon molecular sieve
Adsorber A
A: Pressure equalization
Pressure
Adsorber B
Time
5
to
atmosphere PSA N2-buffer
Waste
O2-analyzer
AE
Nitrogen
Plant control and turn down Start-up and shut-down Turndown operation
The N2-PSA plant is controlled by a programm- The start-up of the plant is a simple push button The plant flowrate can be reduced by inserting
able logic controller (PLC). operation. The product is being delivered within an “idle” step in the cycle thus saving plant
a short time from start-up. power.
Its main control features include:
– Automatic operation of the entire N2-PSA At shut-down of the plant, a precisely defined This is performed automatically by the PLC.
plant programme cycle continues to run for a few The PLC program adjusts process parameters
– Supervision of process parameters with safety minutes before complete shut-down is reached. accordingly.
shut down and alarm in case of abnormal The adsorbers are then in regenerated condi-
plant operation tions and prepared for restart of operation. After
– Control of the process values on a display restart product in accordance with specification
– Sophisticated plant diagnostics can be produced within a few minutes.
Refinery
Glass Metals
Purging Preserving
Treating Blanketing
Spinning Inerting
Chemical Food
Electronics
Easy maintenance
– Only routine maintenance is required.
All components are easily accessible.
Linde´s Engineering Division continuously develops extensive process engineering know-how in the planning,
project management and construction of turnkey industrial plants.
More than 3,800 plants worldwide document the leading position of the Engineering Division in international plant construction.
HA/N/1.1.e/09
Engineering Division Linde Impianti Italia S.p.A. Linde Engenharia do Brasil Ltda. Linde Engineering India Pvt. Ltd. Linde Engineering Division
Schalchen Plant Rome, Italy Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Vadodara, Gujarat, India Beijing Representative Office
Tacherting, Germany Phone +39.066.5613-1 Phone +55.21.3545-2255 Phone +91.265.3056-789 Beijing, P.R. of China
Phone +49.8621.85-0 Fax +39.066.5613-200 Fax +55.21.3545-2257 Fax +91.265.2335-213 Phone +86.10.6437-7014
Fax +49.8621.85-6620 r.tikovsky@lindeimpianti.it jaime.basurto@linde.com sales@linde-le.com Fax +86.10.6437-6718
plantcomponents@linde-le.com linde@public.bta.net.cn
Linde Kryotechnik AG Linde Process Plants (Pty.) Ltd. Linde Engineerig Far East, Ltd.
Linde-KCA-Dresden GmbH Pfungen, Switzerland Johannesburg, South Africa Seoul, South Korea Linde AG Taiwan Branch
Dresden, Germany Phone +41.52.3040-555 Phone +27.11.490-0513 Phone +82.2789-6697 Engineering Division
Phone +49.351.250-30 Fax +41.52.3040-550 Fax +27.11.490-0412 Fax +82.2789-6698 Taipei, Taiwan
Fax +49.351.250-4800 info@linde-kryotechnik.ch lindepp@global.co.za hanyong.lee@linde.com Phone +886.2.2786-3131
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Cryo AB Linde-KCA Russia Branch Linde Engineering Division bernhard.puerzer@linde-le.com
Selas-Linde GmbH Göteborg, Sweden Moscow, Russia Bangkok, Thailand
Pullach, Germany Phone +46.3164-6800 Phone +7.495.646-5242 Phone +66.2636-1998 Linde Australia Pty. Ltd.
Phone +49.89.7447-470 Fax +46.3164-2220 Fax +7.795.646-5243 Fax +66.2636-1999 Chatswood N.S.W., Australia
Fax +49.89.7447-4717 gunnar.lenneras@cryo.aga.com dirk.westphal@linde-kca.com anuwat.krongkrachang@linde.com Phone +61.29411-4111
selas-linde@linde-le.com Fax +61.29411-1470
Linde Process Plants, Inc. Linde Arabian Contracting Co. Ltd. Linde Engineering Co. Ltd. willy.dietrich@linde.com.au
Cryostar SAS Tulsa, OK, U.S.A. Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Dalian, P.R. of China
Hésingue, France Phone +1.918.4771-200 Phone +966.1.419-1193 Phone +86.411.39538-800
Phone +33.389.70-2727 Fax +1.918.4771-100 Fax +966.1.419-1384 Fax +86.411.39538-855
Fax +33.389.70-2777 sales@lppusa.com linde-ksa@linde-le.com jochen.nippel@lindeleh.com
info@cryostar.com
Selas Fluid Processing Corp. Linde Engineering Middle East LLC Linde Engineering Co. Ltd.
Linde CryoPlants Ltd. Blue Bell, PA, U.S.A. Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates Hangzhou, P.R. of China
Aldershot, Great Britain Phone +1.610.834-0300 Phone +971.2.4477-631 Phone +86.571.87858-222
Phone +44.1.252.3313-51 Fax +1.610.834-0473 Fax +971.2.4475-953 Fax +86.571.87858-200
Fax +44.1.252.3430-62 john.mcdermott@selasfluid.com linde@emirates.net.ae hangzhou.leh@lindeleh.com
info@linde-lcl.com
Linde AG
Engineering Division, Dr.-Carl-von-Linde-Str. 6-14, 82049 Pullach, Germany
Phone +49.89.7445-0, Fax +49.89.7445-4908, E-Mail: info@linde-le.com, www.linde.com