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  • R A X Rcos, y Rsin A, Circle: Curve Tracing

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    Wasik Billah
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    The document discusses various methods for tracing curves using parametric equations involving the parameters r, θ, x, and y. It presents equations for tracing circles, roses, and other curves like hypocycloids, asteroids, cissoids, lemniscates, and cardioids. The key points are that parametric equations involving r, θ, x, and y can be used to trace curves, examples of common curves and their equations are given, and the chapter of a book on curve tracing contains more detailed information.

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    The document discusses various methods for tracing curves using parametric equations involving the parameters r, θ, x, and y. It presents equations for tracing circles, roses, and other curves like hypocycloids, asteroids, cissoids, lemniscates, and cardioids. The key points are that parametric equations involving r, θ, x, and y can be used to trace curves, examples of common curves and their equations are given, and the chapter of a book on curve tracing contains more detailed information.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    14 views9 pages

    R A X Rcos, y Rsin A, Circle: Curve Tracing

    Uploaded by

    Wasik Billah
    The document discusses various methods for tracing curves using parametric equations involving the parameters r, θ, x, and y. It presents equations for tracing circles, roses, and other curves like hypocycloids, asteroids, cissoids, lemniscates, and cardioids. The key points are that parametric equations involving r, θ, x, and y can be used to trace curves, examples of common curves and their equations are given, and the chapter of a book on curve tracing contains more detailed information.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 9

    Curve tracing

    r=a
    x=rcos  , y=rsin  x2  y2 =a x2  y2  a2 , circle

    Fig28
    r=acos 
    2 a a2
    r =arcos  , x2  y2 =ax , (x  )2  y 2 
    2 4
    , circle

    Fig29

    r=asin 
    a a2
    r2=arsin  , x 2  y 2  ay , x 2  ( y  )2 
    2 4
    , circle

    Fig30
    Alternative method
    r=acos 

     0 30 45 60 90 12 13 15 18 21 22 24 27 30 31 33 36
    0 5 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 5 0 0

    r=acos a .8 .7 .5 0 -. -. -. -a -. -. -. 0 .5 .7 .8 a
     7a 1a a 5 7 8 8 7 5 a 1a 7a
    a 1a 7a 7a 1a a

    Fig31

    r=asin 

     0 30 45 60 90 12 13 15 18 21 22 24 27 30 31 33 36
    0 5 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 5 0 0

    r=asin 0 .5 .7 .8 a .8 .7 .5 0 -. -. -. -a -. -. -. 0
     a 1a 7a 7a 1a a 5 7 8 8 7 5
    a 1a 7a 7a 1a a

    2
    Fig32

    r=a

     0 30 45 60 90 12 13 15 18 21 22 24 27 30 31 33 36
    0 5 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 5 0 0

    r=a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a

    Fig33

    Rose petals

    r=acos2 

     0 15 22 30 45 60 67 75 90 10 11 12 13 15 15 16 18
    .5 .5 5 2.5 0 5 0 7.5 5 0

    r= a .8 .7 .5 0 -. -. -. -a -. -.7 -. 0 .5 .7 .8 a
    acos2 7a 1a a 5 7 8 8 1a 5 a 1a 7a
     a 1a 7a 7a a

    3
     19 20 21 22 24 24 25 27 28 29 30 31 33 33 34 36
    5 2.5 0 5 0 7.5 5 0 5 2.5 0 5 0 7.5 5 0

    r= .8 .7 .5 0 -. -.7 -. -a -. -.7 -. 0 .5 .7 .8 a
    acos2 7a 1a a 5 1a 8 8 1a 5 a 1a 7a
     a 7a 7a a

    Fig34

    r=asin2 

     0 15 22 30 45 60 67 75 90 10 11 12 13 15 15 16 18
    .5 .5 5 2.5 0 5 0 7.5 5 0

    r= 0 .5 .7 .8 a .8 .7 .5 0 -. -.7 -. -a -. -.7 -. 0
    asin2 a 1a 7a 7a 1a a 5 1a 8 8 1a 5
     a 7a 7a a

     19 20 21 22 24 24 25 27 28 29 30 31 33 33 34 36
    5 2.5 0 5 0 7.5 5 0 5 2.5 0 5 0 7.5 5 0

    4
    r= .5 .7 .8 a .8 .7 .5 0 -. -.7 -. -a -. -.7 -. 0
    asin2 a 1a 7a 7a 1a a 5 1a 8 8 1a 5
     a 7a 7a a

    Fig35

    r=acos3 

     0 10 15 20 30 40 45 50 60 70 75 80 90 10 10 11 12
    0 5 0 0
    r= a .8 .7 .5 0 -. -. -. -a -. -. -. 0 .5 .7 .8 a
    acos3 7a 1a a 5 7 8 8 7 5 a 1a 7a
     a 1a 7a 7a 1a a

     13 13 14 15 16 16 17 18 19 19 20 21 22 22 23 24
    0 5 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 5 0 0

    r= .8 .7 .5 0 -. -. -. -a -. -. -. 0 .5 .7 .8 a
    acos3 7a 1a a 5 7 8 8 7 5 a 1a 7a
     a 1a 7a 7a 1a a

     25 25 26 27 28 28 29 30 31 31 32 33 34 34 35 36

    5
    0 5 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 5 0 0

    r= .8 .7 .5 0 -. -. -. -a -. -. -. 0 .5 .7 .8 a
    acos3 7a 1a a 5 7 8 8 7 5 a 1a 7a
     a 1a 7a 7a 1a a

    Fig36

    r=asin3 

     0 10 15 20 30 40 45 50 60 70 75 80 90 10 10 11 12
    0 5 0 0
    r= 0 .5 .7 .8 a .8 .7 .5 0 -. -. -. -a -. -. -. 0
    asin3 a 1a 7a 7a 1a a 5 7 8 8 7 5
     a 1a 7a 7a 1a a

     13 13 14 15 16 16 17 18 19 19 20 21 22 22 23 24
    0 5 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 5 0 0

    r= .5 .7 .8 a .8 .7 .5 0 -. -. -. -a -. -. -. 0
    asin3 a 1a 7a 7a 1a a 5 7 8 8 7 5
     a 1a 7a 7a 1a a

    6
     25 25 26 27 28 28 29 30 31 31 32 33 34 34 35 36
    0 5 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 5 0 0

    r= .5 .7 .8 a .8 .7 .5 0 -. -. -. -a -. -. -. 0
    asin3 a 1a 7a 7a 1a a 5 7 8 8 7 5
     a 1a 7a 7a 1a a

    Fig37

    r=acosn  , r=asinn  If n is odd no. of loops is n. If n is even


    no. of loops is 2n

    Some well known curves


    2 2
     x 3  y 3
    Hypocycloid     1
    a b
    Fig38

    7
    2 2 2
    Asteroid x3  y3  a3 Fig39

    Cissoid of Diocles y 2 (2a  x )  x 3 Fig40

    2a

    8
    Lemmniscate of Bernoulli
    r 2  a 2 cos 2 or ( x  y )  a ( x  y )
    2 2 2 2 2 2
    Fig41
    Cardiod r  a (1  cos  ) Fig42

    There are many more well known curves. See the ‘curve tracing’
    chapter of the book.

    END

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