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STRUCTURAL MODELING USING SOFTWARE & INPUT

OF PARAMETERS

ASEP CPD
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BUILDING PARAMETERS

CODES
MATERIALS
- ACI318-14 STIFFNESS FACTOR
STRUCTURE TYPE - Concrete: Grade 3000
- UBC (1997) - COLUMNS: 0.70Ig
3-D Structure - Rebars (Main) : ASTM Gr. 60
- IBC 2012 (ASCE7-10) - BEAMS: 0.35Ig
- Rebars (Sub) : ASTM Gr. 40
- NSCP 2015

LOADS
GROUP DAMPING - LIVE LOAD
BOUNDARY CONDITIONS - DEAD LOAD Eigenvalue Analysis
STRAIN-ENERGY
APPLY FIXED BOUNDARY PROPORTIONAL - SEISMIC LOAD - Eigen Vector
SUPPORTS - STATIC
(0.05 FOR RC)
- DYNAMIC
- WIND LOAD

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DEFINING SECTION MATERIALS

Properties → Material Properties → Add
Material
❑ Type of Design: Concrete
❑ Standard: ASTM RC
❑ Grade of Concrete: Grade C4000
MATERIALS

DEFINING REINFORCEMENT STRENGTH

Design → RC Design → Define Concrete
Material
❑ Select Material
❑ Set Rebar Code: ASTM RC
❑ Define Main and Sub-Rebar Grade
❑ Main Rebars: Grade 60
MATERIALS

❑ Sub-rebars: Grade 40

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DEFINING SECTION DATA

Properties → Section → Add Section
❑ Set Solid Rectangle
❑ The following sizes were
defined for the project:
❑ 500 mm x 500 mm for interior columns
❑ 500 mm x 500 mm for exterior columns
❑ 300 mm x 550 mm for primary girders
MATERIALS

❑ 300 mm x 550 mm for secondary girders

❑ 250 mm x 500 mm for primary beams
❑ 250 mm x 500 mm for secondary beams

CREATING ELEMENTS
Node/Elements→ Create Elements
❑ Element Type: General beam/ Tapered beam
❑ Define Material to be used
❑ Define Sections to be used
MODELLING

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CREATING ELEMENTS
MODELLING

SPRING SUPPORT
Boundary→ Supports
❑ Support Type: Fixed
❑ Restrain all translations on support nodes
BOUNDARY CONDITIONS

❑ Restrain all rotations on support nodes

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GROUP DAMPING
Properties → Group Damping
❑ Group Damping Method
❑ Strain Energy Proportional
❑ Damping Ratio = 0.05 for all concrete
materials
GROUP DAMPING

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STATIC LOADS

Load → Static Load Cases

❑Define Name & Type of Load
❑Dead Load (D)
❑Live Load (L)
❑Roof Live Load (LR)
❑Wind Loads (W)
❑Earthquake Loads (E)
LOADS

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SELF-WEIGHT & LOADS TO MASSES

Load → Self-Weight
❑Classify Self-weight as Dead Load
❑Weight Factor = -1 at Direction Z

Load→ Loads to Masses

❑Mass Direction : X,Y,Z
❑Convert all types of Load to masses
❑Load Factor of Dead Load = 1.0
❑Load Factor of Live Load = 0.25
LOADS

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STATIC LOADS
PATTERN LOADING

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STATIC LOADS
LOADS

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STATIC LOADS
PATTERN LOADING

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STATIC LOADS
PATTERN LOADING

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STATIC LOADS
PATTERN LOADING

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STATIC LOADS
PATTERN LOADING

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STATIC LOADS
PATTERN LOADING

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STATIC LOADS
PATTERN LOADING

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STATIC LOADS
PATTERN LOADING

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STATIC LOADS
PATTERN LOADING

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STATIC LOADS
PATTERN LOADING

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STRUCTURE TYPE
Structure → Structure Type
❑Mass Control Parameter = Lumped Mass
LOADS

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TYPE OF ANALYSIS
Analysis → Eigenvalue
❑For Lumped Mass use Ritz vectors
❑For Consistent Mass use Lanczos under
Eigen Vectors
LOADS

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SEISMIC LOAD (STATIC)

Load → Seismic Loads
❑ Load Case Name : EQX & EQY, for x and y directions, respectively
❑ Set Parameters:
❑ Seismic Code: UBC 1997
❑ Soil Type: SC
❑ Seismic Zone : Zone 4
❑ Seismic Source Type : Type A
❑ Closest Distance to known Seismic Source : 4.5km
❑ Importance Factor : 1.0
❑ Period Calculator as per NSCP: Use 0.35(Hn)3/4 (Concrete Buildings)
❑ Define Ductility Coefficient, R: 8.5 for SMRF
❑ Load Direction Factor (Scale Factor) → Initial assumption is that
earthquake force direction will be along x and y directions→ subject to
change after 1st Analysis
LOADS

For EQX: For EQY:

𝑋 − 𝐷𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 ∶ 𝐶𝑜𝑠 0 = 1 𝑋 − 𝐷𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 ∶ 𝐶𝑜𝑠 90 = 0
𝑌 − 𝐷𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 ∶ 𝑆𝑖𝑛 0 = 0 𝑌 − 𝐷𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 ∶ 𝑆𝑖𝑛 90 = 1

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SEISMIC LOADS (DYNAMIC)

Load → Dynamic Loads → RS Load Function
❑ Spectrum Design: UBC 1997
❑ Soil Type: SC
❑ Seismic Zone : Zone 4
❑ Seismic Source Type : Type A
❑ Closest Distance to known Seismic Source : 4.5km
LOADS

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SEISMIC LOADS (DYNAMIC)

Load → Dynamic Loads → RS Load
Cases
❑ Create Load Case :
❑ RS Major for x-direction
❑ RS Ortho for y-direction
❑ Enable Auto Search Angle
❑ Define Scale Factor: 1/R = 1/8.5
❑ Modal Combination Control : CQC or SRSS
❑ Spectrum Function: UBC 1997
❑ Enable Apply Damping Method
❑ Damping Method: Strain Energy Proportionality
❑ Enable Correction by Damping Ratio
LOADS

❑ Interpolation of Spectral Data: Logarithm

❑ Enable Accidental Eccentricity

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WIND LOADS: MANUAL COMPUTATIONS

❑ Refer to NSCP Section 207E.4.2 – Manual Computation of Wind Loads for buildings h ≤
18.0 m
❑ Refer to Table 207E.4-1 for Step-by-Step Calculations
❑ Parameters Used:
❑ Risk Category (Table 103-1)= Category III
❑ Basic wind Speed (Figure 207A.5), V = 270 kph = 75m/s
❑ Wind Directionality, Kd: 0.85
❑ Exposure Type (Section 207A.7) = Exposure C
❑ Topographic Factor (Section 207A.8 and Figure 207A.8-1, KZT= 1.0
❑ Select Enclosure Classification, Section 207A.10: Partially Encloced, Gcpi= ± 0.55
❑ Velocity pressure Exposure Coefficient, KZ (Refer to Table 207E.3-1) - *Varies
❑ Velocity Pressure, qh, Refer to Equation 207E.3-1
LOADS

❑ External Pressure Coefficient, GCP: Refer to Figure 207E.4-1 for walls

❑ Compute wind Pressure, p, Refer to Equation 207E.4-1

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SCALE STIFFNESS FACTOR

Properties → Scale Factor→ Plate
Stiffness Scale factor
SCALE STIFFNESS FACTOR

❑ Out-of-plane Stiffness Scale

Factor
❑ Bending (Iyy & Izz)
❑ 0.70Ig for columns
❑ 0.35 Ig for beams and girders

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VIBRARATION MODE SHAPE: PERIOD

Results → Result Tables → Vibration Mode Shape
❑ Structure Period
POST ANALYSIS RESULTS &
ADJUSTMENTS

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VIBRARATION MODE SHAPE: MODAL MASS

PARTICIPATION
Results → Result
Tables → Vibration
POST ANALYSIS RESULTS &

Mode Shape
❑ Accumulated mass
participation must be
at least 90%,
ADJUSTMENTS

otherwise, increase
number of iteration in
eigenvalue analysis.

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EARTHQUAKE EXCITATION ANGLE

Loads → Dynamic Loads →

POST ANALYSIS RESULTS &

RS Load Cases
❑Re-check if excitation angle changes – no
changes
❑In case of changes – adjust Load Direction
Factor in Seismic Static
ADJUSTMENTS

For EQX:
𝑋 − 𝐷𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 ∶ 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝐸𝑥𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝐴𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒𝑅𝑆 𝑀𝑎𝑗𝑜𝑟 = 𝐶𝑜𝑠 0 = 1
𝑌 − 𝐷𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 ∶ 𝑆𝑖𝑛 𝐸𝑥𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝐴𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒𝑅𝑆 𝑀𝑎𝑗𝑜𝑟 = 𝑆𝑖𝑛 0 = 0
For EQY:
𝑋 − 𝐷𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 ∶ 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝐸𝑥𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝐴𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒𝑅𝑆 𝑀𝑎𝑗𝑜𝑟 = 𝐶𝑜𝑠 90 = 0
𝑌 − 𝐷𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 ∶ 𝑆𝑖𝑛 𝐸𝑥𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝐴𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒𝑅𝑆 𝑀𝑎𝑗𝑜𝑟 = 𝑆𝑖𝑛 90 = 1

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STATIC STORY SHEAR FORCE (SRSS)

Load → Static Loads → Seismic Loads
❑ Consider SRSS
POST ANALYSIS RESULTS &

component of the force

❑ Select ‘Story Shear’
ADJUSTMENTS

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RS STORY SHEAR FORCE (SRSS)

Results → Results Table → Story → Story Shear (Response Spectrum Analysis)
❑ Consider ‘Without Spring’ values at the Ground Floor Level
POST ANALYSIS RESULTS &

❑ Compute for the SRSS value for RS MAJOR and RS ORTHO

ADJUSTMENTS

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ADJUSTMENTS
Adjust parameters
❑ Period: Input period from Analysis
POST ANALYSIS RESULTS &

❑ Seismic Load Direction: only if excitation

angle from dynamic analysis changed
❑ Do for Static X and Y Seismic Loads
ADJUSTMENTS

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SCALE-UP RS LOAD CASES

Result → Load Combination ❑ Code Selection:

Concrete
POST ANALYSIS RESULTS &

❑ Design Code: ACI318-14

❑ Enable Orthogonal
Effect
❑ 100:3 Rule
❑ RS Scale-Up Factor
❑ Formula:
ADJUSTMENTS

𝑆𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝑆𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑦 𝑆ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑟

𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑒 𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑚 𝑆𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑦 𝑆ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑟

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SCALE-UP RS LOAD CASES

Result → Load Combination ❑ Set Load Cases for

Orthogonal Effect
POST ANALYSIS RESULTS &

❑ Group 1
❑ Load Case 1: Ex
❑ Load Case 2: Ey
❑ Group 1
❑ Load Case 1: RSm
❑ Load Case 2: RSo
ADJUSTMENTS

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Thank you for your attention!

End of Presentation!
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