THREE PHASE STATIC SWITCH

STSW- 3
30KVA

User Guide and Instruction Manual

Release 1.0, December 2006

Har Hotzvim Industrial Park,

14 Hartom St., PO Box 45029, Jerusalem 97774, Israel
Tel: +972-2-588-8222 Fax: +972-2-582-8875
Email: info@gamatronic.co.il Website: www.gamatronic.com
Gamatronic Electronic Industries Ltd. User Guide

Gamatronic Electronic Industries Ltd.

Har Hotzvim Industrial Park
14 Hartom St.
PO Box 45029
Jerusalem 97774
Israel
Tel: +972-2-588-8222
Fax: +972-2-582-8875
Email: info@gamatronic.co.il
Website: www.gamatronic.com

The equipment described in this document has been designed for

commercial / industrial use only, and is not for use in any life support application.

© Copyright 2006 by Gamatronic Electronic Industries Ltd. All rights reserved worldwide.

The information contained in this document is proprietary and is subject to all relevant copyright, patent and other
laws protecting intellectual property, as well as any specific agreement protecting Gamatronic Electronic Industries
Ltd. rights in the aforesaid information. Neither this document nor the information contained herein may be published,
reproduced or disclosed to third parties, in whole or in part, without the express, prior, written permission of
Gamatronic Electronic Industries Ltd. In addition, any use of this document or the information contained herein for
any purposes other than those for which it was disclosed is strictly forbidden.

Gamatronic Electronic Industries Ltd. reserves the right, without prior notice or liability, to make changes in
equipment design or specifications.

Information supplied by Gamatronic Electronic Industries Ltd. is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no
responsibility is assumed by Gamatronic Electronic Industries Ltd. for the use thereof nor for the rights of third parties
which may be effected in any way by the use thereof.

Any representation(s) in this document concerning performance of Gamatronic Electronic Industries Ltd. product(s)
are for informational purposes only and are not warranties of future performance, either express or implied.
Gamatronic Electronic Industries Ltd. standard limited warranty, stated in its sales contract or order confirmation form,
is the only warranty offered by Gamatronic Electronic Industries Ltd. in relation thereto.
This document may contain flaws, omissions or typesetting errors; no warranty is granted nor liability assumed in
relation thereto unless specifically undertaken in Gamatronic Electronic Industries Ltd. sales contract or order
confirmation. Information contained herein is periodically updated and changes will be incorporated into subsequent
editions. If you have encountered an error, please notify Gamatronic Electronic Industries Ltd. All specifications are
subject to change without prior notice.

2 Safety Instructions Three Phase Static Switch 30KVA

Gamatronic Electronic Industries Ltd. User Guide

TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS ..................................................................................... 4
1.1 SAFETY TERMS AND SYMBOLS............................................................... 4
2. INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................... 5
2.1 Overview...................................................................................................... 5
2.2 Parallel UPS Systems with a Static Switch .............................................. 6
2.3 Static Switch Features ............................................................................... 6
3. THEORY OF OPERATION .................................................................................... 7
4. INSTALLATION ..................................................................................................... 9
5. USER INTERFACE.............................................................................................. 11
5.1 LEDs and Audible Alarms ........................................................................ 11
6. OPERATION ........................................................................................................ 12
6.1 Activating the Static Switch..................................................................... 12
6.2 Unlocking the Static Switch..................................................................... 12
6.3 Turning off the Audible Alarm ................................................................. 12
6.4 Resetting the Static Switch...................................................................... 12
7. TROUBLESHOOTING......................................................................................... 13
8. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS ......................................................................... 14

TABLE OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Static Switch Module ................................................................................ 5
Figure 2: Block Diagram of the Static Switch......................................................... 7
Figure 3: Location of Screw Terminals ................................................................... 9
Figure 4: Wire-Terminal Connection ....................................................................... 9
Figure 5: STSW3 Panel .......................................................................................... 11

LIST OF TABLES
Table 1: Static Switch LEDs ................................................................................... 11
Table 2: Audible Static Switch Alarms.................................................................. 11
Table 3: Troubleshooting – Problems and Solutions .......................................... 13
Table 4: Table of Specifications ............................................................................ 14

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Gamatronic Electronic Industries Ltd. User Guide

1. SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
To avoid fire or personal injury:
Use an AC power cord which complies with local safety standards for all output and
bypass connections.

The conductors’ cross sectional area must be according to nominal current.

CAUTION ! There are high voltages inside the box! Do not open the box when
the electricity is on.

1.1 SAFETY TERMS AND SYMBOLS

The following terms may appear on the product:

DANGER: Indicates an immediate hazard.

WARNING: Indicates a hazard that is not immediate.

4 Safety Instructions Three Phase Static Switch 30KVA

Gamatronic Electronic Industries Ltd. User Guide

2. INTRODUCTION
AC Static Switches considerably increase the reliability of electrical energy
supplied to critical load from inverter or UPS systems. When the load is too big
for an inverter/UPS, or when an inverter/UPS is faulty, the Static Switch
automatically transfers the load to a reserve source (i.e. mains power) without
voltage interruption or disturbance.
Gamatronic manufactures a standard single phase Static Switch (STSW1) and a
three phase (STSW3) Static Switch unit with a wide scale of nominal powers.

2.1 Overview
The static switch is a unit that contains the following parts:

• Two AC inputs (preferable and reserve)

• AC output
• Sophisticated fast voltage and frequency detector
• Zero-time power switch

The AC input is usually connected to all parallel UPS systems. The alternate reserve
input is connected to a reserve source of energy (a reserve UPS, reserve mains power,
etc.).

Normally the load is connected to the first input. In case of voltage failure the load is
immediately transferred to the second input, only returning to the first input when the
voltage returns to normal.

The static switch checks the synchronization between the two inputs, allowing the
load transfer to be performed without voltage disturbance and interruption.

The output is protected against overload by a circuit breaker.

Figure 1: Static Switch Module

Three Phase Static Switch 30KVA Introduction 5

Gamatronic Electronic Industries Ltd. User Guide

2.2 Parallel UPS Systems with a Static Switch

To significantly improve MTBF a parallel UPS system should be equipped with an
external Gamatronic static switch unit so the output voltage is not interrupted even if
one or more UPS units are faulty. The external static switch unit transfers the load to
the mains if the parallel UPS system can not supply the correct voltage to the load.

The inverters of parallel UPS systems are synchronized to each other with extremely
high accuracy. They are also synchronized to the bypass when its voltage and
frequency are within specified limits. A special signal bus is used for synchronizing
UPS systems.

If a UPS system’s output voltage falls below the set limits due to overload or inverter
failure, it is detected by the static switch which transfers the load to the bypass. The
detection time is less than 1msec, resulting in a transfer process that is safe for any
kind of load.

For additional improvement in MTBF the static switch is usually connected to the
bypass so the load is connected to the bypass when the static switch is not operating.

2.3 Static Switch Features

• Automatic static switch to increase reliability and overload capability
• Zero time load transfer from inverters to bypass and vice-versa
• Clear, user-friendly coloured LED indicators on the static switch panel
• Software overload warning
• Load disconnected by software if short current is detected
• Audible alarm if failure detected or load on bypass
• Protect load against illegal bypass voltages
• Wrong phase order detection

6 Introduction Three Phase Static Switch 30KVA

Gamatronic Electronic Industries Ltd. User Guide

3. THEORY OF OPERATION
A block diagram of the static switch is presented in Figure 2 below. The static switch
includes:

• Changeover switch K1, preformed by two contactors.

• Triac with additional relay K2
• AC voltage and frequency analyzer (microcontroller)
• Indicator
• Control keys

The microcontroller has a double energy source - the bypass and the inverter inputs -
which ensures that there is at least one energy source to provide an output voltage.

K2
4 R3
3
1
2
Q5
TRIAC

K1
5
BYPASS 3
4 OUTPUT
INVERTER 1
2

INVERTER MEASURE

BYPASS MEASURE CONTROL

MICROCONTROLLER SYNCHR.

S4

INDICATOR CR1 CR2

SW PUSHBUTTON
LED LED
INV/BYP

Figure 2: Block Diagram of the Static Switch

Input from the inverter is preferable. If the inverter’s voltage is normal the relay K1 is
activated and the load is connected to the inverter. If the bypass voltage and
frequency are normal, a synchronization signal is relayed to the inverters.

The microcontroller checks the phase shift between the inverter and bypass input
signals. If the phase shift is below the required limit the indication SYNC is given and
relay K2 is activated. In this case, load transfer is performed if necessary in zero
time, using the triac, which pulls output to the bypass during the transfer time.

Three Phase Static Switch 30KVA THEORY OF OPERATION 7

Gamatronic Electronic Industries Ltd. User Guide

The two contactors in the UPS static switch are connected as a change-over
electromechanical switch. A solid state switch (two thyristors) is connected in parallel
to contactors to prevent output voltage interruption when switching. The thyristors are
connected via an additional contactor that is operated only when UPS units are
synchronized to the mains.

8 THEORY OF OPERATION Three Phase Static Switch 30KVA

Gamatronic Electronic Industries Ltd. User Guide

4. INSTALLATION
1. Switch off all external voltage sources (i.e. UPS systems and mains).
2. Place the Static Switch box in place.
3. The Static Switch has four sets of five screw terminals UPS1,UPS2, BYPass
and OUT. Locate terminals on the bottom of Static Switch (see Figure 3
below).

Figure 3: Location of Screw Terminals

4. Connect wires to the terminals in the right order (see Figure 4below).

Figure 4: Wire-Terminal Connection

5. Close the static switch’s cover.

Three Phase Static Switch 30KVA Installation 9

Gamatronic Electronic Industries Ltd. User Guide

6. Switch on the bypass switch and ensure that the LEDs on the static switch’s
panel are the following colors:
• BYP - green
• INV - red
• LOAD ON BYP - red
• LOAD ON INV - is unlit
• SYNC – red
• ALARM - red, sound alarm is presented
7. Turn UPS systems on. After UPS systems are on, the LEDs on the static
switch panel should be as follows:
• BYP, INV, LOAD ON INV, SYNC - green
• LOAD ON BYP, ALARM - unlit
8. Push the INV/BYP button and verify that the output is transferred to the
bypass.
9. Push the button again and verify that the output is reconnected to the inverter.

10 Installation Three Phase Static Switch 30KVA

Gamatronic Electronic Industries Ltd. User Guide

5. USER INTERFACE

Figure 5: STSW3 Panel

5.1 LEDs and Audible Alarms

The LEDs are color coded. They are listed and described in Table 1 below:

LED COLOR MEANING

BYPASS Green Bypass OK
BYPASS Red Bypass error.
BYPASS Red Bypass is locked.
Blinking
INVERTER Green Inverter OK
INVERTER Red Inverter error.
INVERTER Red Inverter is locked.
Blinking
LOAD ON BYPASS Red Load on bypass.
LOAD ON BYPASS Red Transfer to inverter will happen after sync check.
Blinking
LOAD ON INVERTER Green Load on inverter
LOAD ON INVERTER Red Overload.
SYNC Green UPS and bypass are syncronized.
SYNC Red After reset LED is lit in Red for some seconds
ALARM Red Any fault condition
Table 1: Static Switch LEDs

Table 2 below lists and describes the different audible alarms:

FAULT CONDITION AUDIBLE ALARM

Bypass fault Long beeps
Inverter fault Long beeps
Load on Bypass Short beeps
Load is locked on Bypass if there are more Longest beeps
than 7 transfers in 1 minute
Table 2: Audible Static Switch Alarms

Three Phase Static Switch 30KVA User Interface 11

Gamatronic Electronic Industries Ltd. User Guide

6. OPERATION
6.1 Activating the Static Switch
When the static switch is not activated or there is only voltage in the bypass, the load is
connected to the bypass. Once the UPS and the static switch are fully activated the static
switch transfers the load to the UPS from the bypass.

To manually transfer the load to bypass: Press the INV/BYP button when the LOAD
ON INV LED is green; that LED turns off and the LOAD ON BYP LED lights.

To manually transfer the load to the inverter: Press the INV/BYP button when the
LOAD ON BYP LED is red; that LED turns off and the LOAD ON INV LED lights.

Note: Transfer is not performed if the SYNC LED is unlit or the static switch detects a
drop in voltage in the bypass or inverter.

6.2 Unlocking the Static Switch

If the static switch switches the load to bypass more than seven times in one minute,
transfer conditions are considered to be abnormal. Under those circumstances, the static
switch unit locks the load on bypass (to eliminate the abnormal transfer conditions),
there is a beeping alarm and the INVERTER LED blinks.

If a short is detected in the load, inverter and bypass are locked, the load is
disconnected, there is a beeping alarm, and the INVERTER and BYPASS LEDs blink.

To unlock the static switch:

1. Push the INV/BYP button twice to initialize the transfer counter.
2. If the static switch still beeps short beeps and the LOAD ON BYP LED is red,
press the INV/BYP button again to transfer the load to the inverter.

6.3 Turning off the Audible Alarm

The audible alarm can be turned off, although the ALARM LED for a fault remains lit
until the fault no longer exists.

To turn off the audible alarm: Press the Alarm Off button.

To turn on the audible alarm: Press the Alarm Off button again. The audible
alarm sounds automatically when there is a change in the condition of the static
switch (i.e. a new error, manual transfer, etc.).

6.4 Resetting the Static Switch

The static switch's microcontroller can be reset. This should not be done when the
static switch is operating normally.

To reset the microcontroller: Press the Reset button.

12 Operation Three Phase Static Switch 30KVA

Gamatronic Electronic Industries Ltd.
7. TROUBLESHOOTING
The causes of potential operation problems and the actions to be taken to counter
them are detailed below:
PROBLEM POSSIBLE REASON
No LEDs on the inverters Input voltage is not present
panel are lit
No AC output voltage. The static switch’s load circuit
ALARM LED is on. breaker trips due to overload
SYNC LED is unlit, Load Bypass and Inverter are not
is not transferred to synchronized or phase order is
inverter, but INVERTER not correct.
LED is O.K.
Transfer to inverter fails ƒ Inverter is stuck -
INVERTER LED blinks
and the audible alarm
sounds.
ƒ No sycronization - the
SYNC LED is unlit and
the LOAD ON BYPASS
LED blinks.
Load is disconnected A short was detected in the load
- the BYPASS and INVERTER
LEDs blink.
Table 3: Troubleshooting – Problems and Solutions
Three Phase Static Switch 30KVA TROUBLESHOOTING
User Guide
ACTION
Pull up the bypass and UPS
systems circuit breaker
1. Disconnect static
switch from any
supply.
2. Pull up the internal
circuit breaker.
3. Connect static switch
again.
Check bypass frequency and
phase order.
Unlock inverter by double
press on INV/BYP button.
Bypass source should be
disconnected for one second.
(Warning transfer to inverter is
NOT in zero time)
Unlock inverter and bypass by
double pressing the INV/BYP
button.
13
Gamatronic Electronic Industries Ltd. User Guide

8. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
PARAMETER DESCRIPTION
AC input and output Three phase with a common neutral one phase
is available.
Nominal power 30KVA
Input voltage range 187 – 242V
Other values are available.
Input frequency range 46Hz-64Hz
Other values are available.
Transition time in synchronized mode1 < 3msecs
Transition time in non-synchronized mode1 < 20msecs
Signals and indicators 6 LEDs, 3 keys, audible alarm, RS232 interface
Efficiency 99.9%
Size in mm (H × W × D) 500X500X250
Weight 15 Kg
Regulations Complies with the IEC950 standard

Table 4: Table of Specifications

Note:
1. Includes the voltage failure detection time.

14 Technical Specifications Three Phase Static Switch 30KVA