1. Science fiction or Sci-fi 17.

D
2. Literary Genres 18. C
3. Legend 19. A
4. Fable 20. C
5. Haiku 21. A
6. Realistic fiction 22. B
7. Genre 23. C
8. Literature 24. D
9. Nonfiction 25. E
10. Drama 26. F
11. A 27. G
12. A 28. H
13. C 29. I
14. A 30. J
15. Bonus
16. C

Drama
Fable
Genre
Haiku
Legend
Literary Genres
Literature
Nonfiction
Realistic fiction
Science fiction or Sci-fi
 Sample Literary Works from Phillipine Literature
Some literary pieces from Ilonggo
Voice Tape by Ariel S. Tabag - This story starts when Dante and his mother Nanang go back
to their old house to find his certificates for being best in math in elementary and high school but
instead of certificate, they saw a voice tape owned by his uncle Ato. He still remembers the
things happened to his uncle.
Paktanon - Paktakon is a literary form shared by the Western Visayan people which is an Old
Kinaray-a (dialect). It is an example of a Visayan riddle.
Folksong (Dandansoy) - Dandansoy is a popular Visayan folk song. It is a farewell song; the
title is the name of the boy to whom the singer is saying goodbye.

Some literary piece from Ilonggo

Lawiswis Kawayan is a Waray folk song. Waray or Winaray is a language spoken in Samar,
Leyte and Biliran in the Visayas region of the Philippines. It is not Tagalog. Kawayan mean
“bamboo” and Lawiswis refers to the swishing sound bamboo makes when the wind blows.

Some literary piece of Jose Rizal (Laong Laan)

To the Filipino Youth
Rizal wrote this literary poem when he was still studying at the University of Sto. Tomas (UST).
Originally written in Spanish (A la juventud filipina), Rizal submitted this piece for a poem
contest organized for Filipinos by the Manila Lyceum of Art and Literature. At the age of 18, this
work is beaming with strong messages to convince readers, the youth in particular, that they are
the hope of the nation. He also stresses the importance of education to one’s future. Rizal won
the first prize and was rewarded with a feather-shaped silver pen and a diploma.

Goodbye to Leonor
This literary piece gives an insight into the romantic relationship of Rizal and his beloved,
Leonor Rivera. The two met when in the province of Dagupan when Rivera was only 13-years-
old. Rivera’s parents were not in favor of their relationship and though distance separated them,
the two kept in touch by sending letters and photographs to each other. Rizal later found out
that her lady love would soon tie the knot with Henry Kipping, and the news definitely
disheartened him. The lonely, heartbreaking feelings he felt, resulted in this melancholic poem.
To the Young Women of Malolos
Addressed to the Filipino women, Rizal’s letter entitled To The Young Women of
Malolos reflects his inheritance and issues reminders to Filipino women. In his letter, he
addresses all kinds of Filipino women – mothers, wives, and even the single women.
Throughout this literary piece, he highlights the qualities that Filipino mothers should possess,
the duties of wives to their husbands and children, and a counsel on how young women should
choose their lifetime partners. The idea behind this letter sparked after he was impressed by the
women of Malolos who won the battle they fought. Rizal advises women to educate themselves,
protect their dignity and honor, and live with good manners – setting up as a role model.

Kundiman
A kundiman traditionally refers to a love song where a man serenades the woman he loves. For
scholars, this word was derived from the Tagalog phrase “Kung Hindi man” (if it should not be
so) which suggests that people put their faith in a Higher Being who decides whether or not
something is meant for them. But in Rizal’s literary work, he wrote a kundiman to profess his
intense love for his motherland. This piece reflects his high hopes that one day, the Philippines
would be free from treachery and injustice. At the time, the country faced great threats while he
was in Europe. And, through this work, he voices his hopeful thoughts despite being far away
from the country.

Junto Al Pasig
When translated into English, the title of this work means Beside Pasig River. In response to the
Jesuits’ request, Rizal wrote this one-act play in the Spanish language for the velada – a gala
variety program during the principal feast days. The play centers around Leonido (a young
Filipino who has a strong faith in the Virgin) and the Diwata/Satan, which symbolizes the
Spanish oppression towards Filipinos. Its theme highlights Christianity, good vs. evil, and
paganism. The Philippines’ national hero wrote it in honor of the Our Lady of Peace and Voyage
of the UST, and the play was staged on December 8, 1880.

Noli Me Tángere
One of the most sought-after books in Philippine literature until today, is Rizal’s famous novel
titled Noli Me Tángere (Touch Me Not). Driven by his undying love for his country, Rizal wrote
the novel to expose the ills of Philippine society during the Spanish colonial era. At the time, the
Spaniards prohibited the Filipinos from reading the controversial book because of the unlawful
acts depicted in the novel. Yet they were not able to ban it completely and as more Filipinos
read the book, it opened their eyes to the truth that they were being manhandled by the friars. In
this revolutionary book, you’ll learn the story of Crisostomo Ibarra, how he dealt with Spanish
authorities, and how he prepared for his revenge, as told in Rizal’s second book, El
Filibusterismo.

El Filibusterismo
This is Rizal’s sequel to his first book, Noli Me Tángere. In El Filibusterismo (The Reign of the
Greed), the novel exhibits a dark theme (as opposed to the hopeful atmosphere in the first
novel) in which it depicts the country’s issues and how the protagonist attempts a reform. The
story takes place 13 years after Noli Me Tángere, where revolutionary protagonist Crisostomo
Ibarra is now under the guise of Simoun – a wealthy jewelry tycoon. Because the novel also
portrays the abuse, corruption, and discrimination of the Spaniards towards Filipinos, it was also
banned in the country at the time. Rizal dedicated his second novel to the GOMBURZA – the
Filipino priests named Mariano Gomez, Jose Apolonio Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora who were
executed on charges of subversion. The two novels of Rizal, now considered as his literary
masterpieces, both indirectly sparked the Philippine Revolution.

Mi último adiós
After being associated with the Katipuneros, Rizal was arrested and later sentenced to death by
firing squad for acts of sedition and rebellion. During his final days in Fort Santiago of Manila,
Rizal bid farewell to his motherland and countrymen through letters. Mi último adiós or My Last
Farewell is one of the few last works that Rizal wrote.
Some historical accounts say he wrote it on the eve before his execution, while others claim that
he wrote the poem a few days before his death in Manila on December 30, 1896. But, because
there was no title ascribed to this poem, his good friend and fellow reformist Mariano Ponce
came up with the title.
Today, Rizal’s literary works, specifically his two novels, are alive and continuously being
analyzed by students and professionals. Colleges and universities in the Philippines even
require their students to take a subject which centers around the life and works of Rizal.
Through his work, the country’s national hero is always remembered and looked upon with high
regard for his contribution towards the Philippine independence.

Some literary piece of Andres Bonifacio

Ang Pag-ibig sa Tinubuang Lupa ay isang tula na sinulat ni Andres Bonifacio na kanyang
ginamit para himukin ang mga Pilipinong maging makabayan.