Honors Physics Name _______________________

Momentum – Review Date ________________________

1. A freight car of mass 20,000 kg moves along a frictionless level railroad track with a
constant speed of 15 m/s. What is the momentum of the car?
A. 30,000 kg·m/s
B. 3,000 kg·m/s
C. 300,000 kg·m/s
D. 3,000,000 kg·m/s
E. 300 kg·m/s

2. A 500 kg sailboat moves with a momentum of 150,000 kg·m/s? What is the velocity of
the boat?
A.300 m/s B. 3 m/s C. 30 m/s D. 3,000 m/s E. 30,000 m/s

3. A cannon fires a cannonball and recoils backward. Which of the following statements is
true about the cannon recoil?
A. It happens because the energy of the system is
conserved
B. It happens because the energy of the system is
increased
C. It happens because the momentum of the system is not conserved
D. It happens because the momentum of the system is conserved
E. It happens because the momentum of the system is increased

4. What is the momentum of the cannon after firing a cannon ball with an initial
momentum of 5,000 kg·m/s to the right?

A. 5,000 kg·m/s to the right B. 5,000 kg·m/s to the left C. zero

D. 2,500 kg·m/s to the right E. 2,500 kg·m/s to the left

5. A platform moves at a constant velocity on a horizontal surface. What happens to the

velocity of the platform after a sudden rain falls down?
A. It increases because the energy is conserved
B. It decreases because the energy is conserved
C. It remains constant because the momentum is conserved
D. It increases because the momentum is conserved
E. It decreases because the momentum is conserved

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 6. A stationary skateboarder I with a mass of 50 kg pushes a stationary skateboarder II
with a mass of 75 kg. After the push the skateboarder II moves with a velocity of 2 m/s to
the right. What is the velocity of the skateboarder I?
A. 3 m/s to the left
B. 2 m/s to the left
C. 1 m/s to the right
D. 3 m/s to the right
E. 2 m/s to the right

7. A loaded freight car A with a mass of 24,000 kg moves at a constant velocity of 8 m/s
on a horizontal railroad track and collides with an
empty stationary car B with a mass of 8,000 kg.
After the collision the cars stick to each other and
moves like one object. What is the velocity of two
cars after the collision?
A. 2 m/s B. 4 m/s C. 6 m/s D. 8 m/s D. 12 m/s

8. A 40 kg skateboarder runs at a constant velocity of 12 m/s and

jumps to a stationary skateboard with a mass of 8 kg. What is the
velocity of the skateboard after the jump?
A. 12 m/s B. 90 m/s C. 60 m/s D. 20 m/s E. 10 m/s

9. An 80 kg diver jumps off a moving boat. The boat has

a mass of 400 kg and moves at a constant velocity of 2
m/s. What is the velocity of the boat after the jump if the
diver jumps with a velocity of 3 m/s in opposite
direction to the initial velocity of the boat?
A. 2 m/s B. 3 m/s C. 4 m/s D. 5 m/s E. 6 m/s

10. Block A with a mass 2m moves on a frictionless

horizontal surface at a constant speed v and collides
inelastically with B of mass m. What is the velocity of
two blocks after the collision?
! ! 𝟐 !
A. v B. !v C. !v D. 𝟑v E.! v

11. Block A with a mass m moves on a frictionless

horizontal surface at a constant velocity v and collides
elastically with an identical block B. What is the velocity
of block A after the collision?
! ! !
A. 0 m/s B. v C.! v D. !v E. !v

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 12. Block A with a mass m moves on a frictionless
horizontal surface at a constant velocity v and collides
elastically with an identical block B. What is the velocity of
block B after the collision?
! ! !
A. 0 m/s B. v C.! v D. !v E. !v

13. A 10 kg object moves at a constant velocity 2 m/s to the right and collides with a
4 kg object moving at a velocity 5 m/s to the left. Which statement is correct?
A. The total momentum before and after the collision is 20 kg·m/s
B. The total momentum before and after the collision is 40 kg·m/s
C. The total momentum before and after the collision is 10 kg·m/s
D. The total momentum before and after the collision is 30 kg·m/s
E. The total momentum before and after the collision is zero

14. When two objects collide elastically the momentum is conserved. Which of the
following is true about the kinetic energy during the collision?
A. The kinetic energy is conserved
B. The kinetic energy is lost
C. The kinetic energy is gained
D. The kinetic energy completely transforms into thermal energy
E. More information is required

15. When two objects collide inelastically the momentum is conserved. Which of the
following is true about the kinetic energy during the collision?
A. The kinetic energy is conserved
B. The kinetic energy is not conserved
C. The kinetic energy is gained
D. The kinetic energy completely transforms into thermal energy
E. More information is required

16. A light beach ball moving with a velocity 2 m/s

SKIP
to the right collides elastically with a stationary
bowling ball. After the collision the bowling ball
remains stationary. What is the velocity of the beach
ball after the collision?
A. 0 m/s B. 2 m/s to the left C. 4 m/s to the left
D. 3 m/s to the left E. 1 m/s to the left

SKIP
17. A bowling ball moving with a constant speed v
collides elastically with a stationary beach ball. After the
collision the bowling ball barely slows down. What is an
approximate speed of the beach ball after the collision?
! !
A. v B. !v C. !v D. 2v E. 3v

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 18. A big truck collides inelastically with a small car. Which of the following
statements is true?
A. The truck experiences the greater magnitude of impulse during the collision
B. The car experiences the greater magnitude of impulse during the collision
C. They experience the same magnitude of impulse during the collision
D. The impulse of each object is zero during the collision
E. More information is required

19. A tennis ball approaches a racket with

a momentum of 5 kg·m/s and bounces back
with a momentum of 6 kg·m/s after the
collision with the racket. What is the change in
momentum of the tennis ball?
A. 1 kg·m/s B. 5 kg·m/s C. 6 kg·m/s D. 11 kg·m/s E. 0 kg·m/s

20. A rubber ball moving with an initial momentum Pi collides

elastically with a vertical wall. Which of the following is correct
about the vector of impulse that the ball experiences during the
collision?

A. B. C. D.

E.

21. The force as a function of time is

presented by the graph. What is the impulse
exerted on the object during first six seconds?
A. 40 N·s
B. 80 N·s
C. 120 N·s
D. 240 N·s
E. 360 N·s

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 22. A 45 kg woman runs at a speed of 5.6 m/s. What is her momentum?

𝑝 = 𝑚𝑣

𝑚 𝒌𝒈𝒎
𝑝 = 45  𝑘𝑔 5.6 =  𝟐𝟓𝟎  𝒐𝒓  𝟐𝟓𝟎  𝑵𝒔
𝑠 𝒔

23. A certain bowling ball rolls at a constant speed of 5 m/s. If the momentum of the
ball is 42.5 kgŁm/s, what is its mass?

𝑝 = 𝑚𝑣

𝑘𝑔𝑚
𝑝 42.5 𝑠
𝑚= = = 𝟖. 𝟓  𝒌𝒈
𝑣 5  𝑚/𝑠

24. What is the speed of a 0.25 kg arrow with a momentum of 8 kgm/s?

𝑝 = 𝑚𝑣

𝑘𝑔𝑚
𝑝 8 𝑠 𝒎
𝑣= = = 𝟑𝟐
𝑚 0.25  𝑚/𝑠 𝒔

25. A 0.01 kg bullet is fired at 250 m/s into a wooden block that is fixed. The bullet
emerges from the block with a speed of 120 m/s. What is the change in momentum of
the bullet?

𝑚 𝑚 𝒌𝒈𝒎
∆𝑝 = 𝑚 𝑣! −   𝑣! = 0.01  𝑘𝑔 120 − 250 = −𝟏. 𝟑
𝑠 𝑠 𝒔

26. A 0.05 kg tennis ball moves at a speed of 10 m/s and is struck by a racket causing
it to rebound in the opposite direction at a speed 16 m/s. What is the change in
momentum of the ball? What is the impulse exerted on the ball? What is the impulse
exerted on the racket?

𝑚 𝑚 𝒌𝒈𝒎
∆𝑝 = 𝑚 𝑣! −   𝑣! = 0.05  𝑘𝑔 10 − −16 = 𝟏. 𝟑
𝑠 𝑠 𝒔
𝑰𝒎𝒑𝒖𝒍𝒔𝒆 = 𝑭∆𝒕 =   ∆𝒑 = 𝟏. 𝟑  𝑵𝒔 − 𝒔𝒂𝒎𝒆  𝒊𝒎𝒑𝒖𝒍𝒔𝒆  𝒐𝒏  𝒕𝒉𝒆  𝒃𝒂𝒍𝒍  𝒂𝒏𝒅  𝒕𝒉𝒆  𝒓𝒂𝒄𝒌𝒆𝒕  𝒃𝒖𝒕  𝒐𝒑𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒆  𝒔𝒊𝒈𝒏𝒔

27. Two football players with mass 85 kg and 110 kg run directly toward each other
with speeds 4 m/s and 7 m/s respectively. If they grab each other as they collide, what
is the combined speed of the players just after the collision?
Object A Object B Inelastic Collision
m 85 kg 110 kg 𝑚! 𝑣!! +   𝑚! 𝑣!! = 𝑣!  (𝑚! +   𝑚! )
v1 4 m/s -7 m/s 𝑚 𝑚
𝑚! 𝑣!! +   𝑚! 𝑣!! 85𝑘𝑔 4 𝑠 + (110𝑘𝑔)(−7 𝑠 )
v2 ? ? 𝑣! =   =  
(𝑚! +   𝑚! ) (85  𝑘𝑔 + 110  𝑘𝑔)
𝒎
𝒗𝒇 = −𝟐. 𝟐
𝒔
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 28. Two objects, m1 and m2, have an elastic collision. The initial velocity of m1 is +8.0
m/s and of m2 is -4.0 m/s. After the collision, the velocity of m1 is +5.0m/s. What is the
velocity of m2?

Object A Object B Elastic Collision

m 𝑚! 𝑚! 𝑣!! +   𝑣!! =   𝑣!! +   𝑣!!
v1 8 m/s -4 m/s 𝑚 𝑚 𝑚 𝒎
𝑣!! =   𝑣!! +   𝑣!! − 𝑣!! = 8 + 5 − −4 =  𝟏𝟕
v2 5 m/s ? 𝑠 𝑠 𝑠 𝒔

29. An air track car with a mass of 0.85 kg and velocity of 3.4 m/s to the right
collides perfectly elastically with a 0.95 kg car moving to the left with a velocity of 4.9
m/s. If the collision is elastic, what is the speed and direction of each ball after the
collision?

Object A Object B Elastic Collision

m 0.85 kg 0.95 kg 𝑣!! +   𝑣!! =   𝑣!! +   𝑣!!
v1 3.4 m/s -4.9 m/s 𝑣!! =   𝑣!! +   𝑣!! − 𝑣!!
v2 ? ?
𝑚! 𝑣!! +   𝑚! 𝑣!! =   𝑚! 𝑣!! +   𝑚! 𝑣!!
𝑚! 𝑣!! +   𝑚! 𝑣!! =   𝑚! 𝑣!! +   𝑚! (𝑣!! +   𝑣!! − 𝑣!! )
𝑚! 𝑣!! +   𝑚! 𝑣!! =   𝑚! 𝑣!! +   𝑚! 𝑣!! +   𝑚! 𝑣!! − 𝑚! 𝑣!!
𝑚! 𝑣!! +  2𝑚! 𝑣!! −   𝑚! 𝑣!! =   𝑣!! (𝑚!   +   𝑚! )
𝑚! 𝑣!! +  2𝑚! 𝑣!! −   𝑚! 𝑣!!
𝑣!! =  
𝑚!   +   𝑚!
𝑣!!
𝑚 𝑚 𝑚
(0.85𝑘𝑔)(3.4 𝑠 ) + 2  (0.95𝑘𝑔)(−4.9 𝑠 ) − (0.95𝑘𝑔)(3.4 𝑠 )
=  
0.85  𝑘𝑔 + 0.95  𝑘𝑔

𝒎
𝒗𝟏𝒇 =   −𝟓. 𝟒
𝒔
𝑣!! =   𝑣!! +   𝑣!! − 𝑣!!
𝑚 𝑚 𝑚 𝒎
𝑣!! =  3.4 +   −5.4 −   −4.9 = 𝟐. 𝟗 = 𝒗𝟐𝒇  
𝑠 𝑠 𝑠 𝒔

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 30. An ice puck of mass 7.5 kg moving with a speed of 18 m/s to the right collides
with a 2.5 kg piece of ice moving with a speed of 4.2 m/s to the right. If the collision is
perfectly elastic, what is the speed and direction of each mass after the collision?
A B

Object A Object B Elastic Collision

m 7.55 kg 2.5 kg 𝑣!! +   𝑣!! =   𝑣!! +   𝑣!!
v1 18 m/s 4.2 m/s 𝑣!! =   𝑣!! +   𝑣!! − 𝑣!!
v2 ? ?
𝑚! 𝑣!! +   𝑚! 𝑣!! =   𝑚! 𝑣!! +   𝑚! 𝑣!!
𝑚! 𝑣!! +   𝑚! 𝑣!! =   𝑚! 𝑣!! +   𝑚! (𝑣!! +   𝑣!! − 𝑣!! )
𝑚! 𝑣!! +   𝑚! 𝑣!! =   𝑚! 𝑣!! +   𝑚! 𝑣!! +   𝑚! 𝑣!! − 𝑚! 𝑣!!
𝑚! 𝑣!! +  2𝑚! 𝑣!! −   𝑚! 𝑣!! =   𝑣!! (𝑚!   +   𝑚! )
𝑚! 𝑣!! +  2𝑚! 𝑣!! −   𝑚! 𝑣!!
𝑣!! =  
𝑚!   +   𝑚!
𝑣!!
𝑚 𝑚 𝑚
(7.55𝑘𝑔)(18 𝑠 ) + 2  (2.5𝑘𝑔)(4.2 𝑠 ) − (2.5𝑘𝑔)(18 𝑠 )
=  
7.55  𝑘𝑔 + 2.5  𝑘𝑔

𝒎
𝒗𝟏𝒇 =  𝟏𝟏
𝒔
𝑣!! =   𝑣!! +   𝑣!! − 𝑣!!
𝑚 𝑚 𝑚 𝒎
𝑣!! =  18 +  11 −  4.2 = 𝟐𝟒. 𝟖 = 𝒗𝟐𝒇  
𝑠 𝑠 𝑠 𝒔

31. Two objects, A and B, with masses of 3.2 kg and 1.8 kg, move on a frictionless
horizontal surface. Object A moves to the right at a constant speed of 5.1 m/s while
object B moves to the right at a constant speed 1.4 m/s. They collide and stick together
(a perfectly inelastic collision).

Object A Object B Inelastic Collision

m 3.2 kg 1.8 kg
v1 5.1 m/s 1.4 m/s
v2 ? ?

a. Determine the total momentum of the system (both objects) before the collision

𝑚 𝑚 𝒌𝒈𝒎
𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙  𝑝 = 𝑚! 𝑣!! +   𝑚! 𝑣!! = 3.2  𝑘𝑔 5.1 + 1.8  𝑘𝑔 1.4 =  𝟏𝟗
𝑠 𝑠 𝒔

b. Determine the total kinetic energy of the system before the collision

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 1 !
1 !
1 𝑚 1 𝑚
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙  𝐾𝐸 = 𝑚! 𝑣!! + 𝑚! 𝑣!! = (3.2𝑘𝑔)(5.1 )! + (1.8  𝑘𝑔)(1.4 )! = 𝟒𝟒  𝑵𝒎
2 2 2 𝑠 2 𝑠

c. Find the speed of the two objects after the collision

𝑚! 𝑣!! +   𝑚! 𝑣!! = 𝑣!  (𝑚! +   𝑚! )

𝑚 𝑚
𝑚! 𝑣!! +   𝑚! 𝑣!! 3.2𝑘𝑔 5.1 𝑠 + (1.8𝑘𝑔)(1.4 𝑠 )
𝑣! =   =  
(𝑚! +   𝑚! ) (3.2  𝑘𝑔 + 1.8  𝑘𝑔)
𝒎
𝒗𝒇 = 𝟑. 𝟖
𝒔

d. Find the total kinetic energy of the system after the collision.

1 !
1 !
1 𝑚 1 𝑚
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙  𝐾𝐸 = 𝑚! 𝑣!! + 𝑚! 𝑣!! = (3.2𝑘𝑔)(3.8 )! + (1.8  𝑘𝑔)(3.8 )! = 𝟑𝟔  𝑵𝒎
2 2 2 𝑠 2 𝑠

e. Is the kinetic energy of the system conserved? Explain.

No, the KE is not conserved because in an inelastic collision momentum is

conserved. Some of the KE is converted into another form of energy.

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