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Trapezoids and Kites: 1. Plan
Trapezoids and Kites: 1. Plan
Lesson Planning and The base angles of an isosceles trapezoid are congruent.
Resources
See p. 304E for a list of the
resources that support this lesson. The bases of a trapezoid are parallel. Therefore the two angles that share a leg are
supplementary. This fact and Theorem 6-15 allow you to solve problems involving
PowerPoint
the angles of a trapezoid.
Visual Learners
Like the diagonals of parallelograms, the diagonals of an isosceles trapezoid have a When proving that the diagonals
special property. of an isosceles trapezoid are
congruent, have students
separately draw and label the
Key Concepts Theorem 6-16
overlapping triangles ABC and
The diagonals of an isosceles trapezoid are congruent. DCB to help them see how the
parts correspond and why the
triangles are congruent.
learning style: verbal learning style: verbal mlA ≠ mlB ≠ 75, 337
mlC ≠ mlD ≠ 105
Math Tip
After students read the proof Key Concepts Theorem 6-17
of Theorem 6-17, ask: Are both
diagonals bisected? No; the figure The diagonals of a kite are perpendicular.
then would be a parallelogram.
Closure Quick Check 3 Find m&1, m&2, and m&3 in the kite.
90, 46, 44
Draw and label an isosceles 46⬚ 1
2
trapezoid, a (convex) kite, and
their diagonals. Then write 3
congruence statements for all
pairs of triangles that you can
prove congruent. Students EXERCISES For more exercises, see Extra Skill, Word Problem, and Proof Practice.
should find three pairs of
congruent triangles for each Practice and Problem Solving
figure.
A Practice by Example Each trapezoid is isosceles. Find the measure of each angle.
Example 1 1. 2. 3.
3 2 1 69, 69, 2 3
(page 336) 111⬚ 111
GO for
Help
77⬚ 1 3
2
1 49⬚
77, 103, 103 49, 131, 131
4. Z 5. Q R 6. B C
Y 105,
75, 75
65⬚ 60⬚
P S A D
105⬚
X 115, 115, 65 120, 120, 60
W
338
Example 2
(page 337)
7. Design Each patio umbrella is made
of eight panels that are congruent 3. Practice
isosceles triangles with parallel
stripes. A sample panel is shown Assignment Guide
at the right. The vertex angle
of the panel measures 42. 1 A B 1-39
7a. isosc. trapezoids a. Classify the quadrilaterals
C Challenge 40-44
shown as blue stripes on
the panel.
Test Prep 45-50
b. Find the measures of
Mixed Review 51-56
the quadrilaterals’
interior angles.
69, 69, 111, 111 Homework Quick Check
To check students’ understanding
Example 3 Find the measures of the numbered angles in each kite.
108, 108 of key skills and concepts, go over
(page 338)
8. 22⬚ 9. 45⬚ 10. 1 Exercises 6, 14, 29, 37, 38.
1 90, 68 3 90, 45,
54⬚ 90⬚
2 1 2 45 Diversity
2
Exercise 7 The word umbrella
11. 12. 90, 40, 13. comes from a Latin word mean-
2
1 2 90 ing “shaded area or shadow,”
64⬚
13. 90, 55, 90, 55, 35 3 50⬚ 1 3 35⬚ 1 suggesting protection against the
5 3 rain or sun. Ask whether students
14. 90, 52, 38, 37, 53
know the word for umbrella in
15. 90, 90, 90, 90, 46, 34, 2 4 other languages. For example,
90, 26, 90
56, 44, 56, 44 the Spanish word paraguas
16. 112, 112 14. 15. 16. literally means “for water,”
2 4 9 10 2 and a sombrilla is a parasol.
38⬚ 1 53⬚ 34⬚ 1 2 46⬚ 1
3 5 6 34 5 Exercise 10 Discuss ways to prove
468 m&1 = m&2.
7 8
Exercise 38 Have students work
B Apply Your Skills 17. Open-Ended Sketch two kites that are not congruent, but with the diagonals of together to write this proof.
one congruent to the diagonals of the other. See margin. Even with the Plan, the proof
is complex and worthy of class
18. The perimeter of a kite is 66 cm. The length of one of its sides is 3 cm less than discussion.
twice the length of another. Find the length of each side of the kite.
12, 12, 21, 21
19. Critical Thinking If KLMN is an isosceles trapezoid, is it possible for KM to
bisect &LMN and &LKN? Explain. See margin.
GO nline 3 4 1
Find the measures of the numbered angles in each isosceles trapezoid.
1. 2 2.
99
3. 2
Homework Help
121
62 1
U T 1 1
2
Visit: PHSchool.com SU = x + 1
4.
2
5. 2 6. 2
V P S
S
1 67
TV = 2x - 1
G O 3 CS 060
RP = 3x + 3
Algebra Find the value(s) of the variable(s) in each isosceles trapezoid.
US = x + 2
7. 3x 3 8. (6x 20) 9. L M
y
7x 2y 5
x1 (4x)
x5 O N
48
19. Explanations may vary. CPCTC, opp. &L O &N. or a square. This 13.
1
3
2
27
14.
1
59
2
15.
1
51
Sample: If both ' are &L and &N are opp., but contradicts what is gien, 87 2
combined with KM O pairs of base &’s are &LMN and &LKN. (10x 6)
(2x)°
(3x)
(8x)
(5x 15)
y
y⬚ y⬚ 6x⬚
Lesson Quiz (2y ⫺ 20)⬚
(x ⫹ 6)⬚
28 (4x ⫺ 30)⬚ 3x⬚
Use isosceles trapezoid ABCD for 2x⬚ 2
(2x ⫺ 4)⬚
Exercises 1 and 2. x ≠ 35, y ≠ 30 x ≠ 18, y ≠ 108
A B
Bridge Design A quadrilateral is formed by the beams of the bridge at the left.
Isosc. trapezoid; all the
D C 29. Classify the quadrilateral. Explain your reasoning. large rt. > appear to be O.
1. If m&A = 45, find 30. Find the measures of the other interior angles of the quadrilateral.
m&B, m&C, and m&D. mlB 112, 68, 68
≠ 45, Critical Thinking Can two angles of a kite be as follows? Explain.
mlC ≠ mlD ≠ 135 31–33. See below left.
31. opposite and acute 32. consecutive and obtuse
2. If AC = 3x - 16 and
33. opposite and supplementary 34. consecutive and supplementary
BD = 10x - 86, find x. 10
Use kite GHIJ for Exercises 3–6. 35. opposite and complementary 36. consecutive and complementary
112⬚
H 34–36. See margin.
Exercises 29–30 37. Writing A kite is sometimes defined as a quadrilateral with two pairs of
4
consecutive sides congruent. Compare this to the definition you learned in
50° 31. Yes, the O ' can be
G I obtuse. Lesson 6-1. Are parallelograms, trapezoids, rhombuses, rectangles, or squares
3 1
special kinds of kites according to the changed definition? Explain. See margin.
32. Yes, the O ' can be
obtuse, as well as 38. Developing Proof The plan suggests a proof of Theorem 6-15. Write a proof
one other l. GPS that follows the plan. See back of book.
9°
2 33. Yes; if 2 O ' are rt. ', Given: Isosceles trapezoid ABCD with AB > DC A D
they are suppl. The
other 2 ' are also Prove: &B > &C and &BAD > &D 1
B C
E
J suppl. Plan: Begin by drawing AE 6 DC to form
4
43. D is any point on BN parallelogram AECD so that AE > DC > AB.
3. Find m&1. 90 &B > &C because &B > &1 and &1 > &C. Also, &BAD > &D
such that ND u BN and
4. Find m&2. 9 D is below N. because they are supplements of the congruent angles, &B and &C.
5. Find m&3. 81
Proof Write a proof. Use the given figure with additional lines as needed.
6. Find m&4. 40
39. Given: Isosceles trapezoid TRAP with TR > PA
Prove: &RTA > &APR See margin. T P
Alternative Assessment C Challenge 40. Given: Isosceles trapezoid TRAP with TR > PA;
BI is the perpendicular bisector of RA intersecting
41. It is one half the sum
Have students work in pairs to RA at B and TP at I. See margin.
of the lengths of the R A
write answers to the following bases; draw a diag. Prove: BI is the perpendicular bisector of TP.
questions: of the trap. to form
• How are a kite and a rhombus 2 >. The bases B For a trapezoid, consider the segment joining the midpoints of the two given
similar? How are they and b of the trap. are segments. How are its length and the lengths of the two parallel sides of the
different? each a base of a n. trapezoid related? Justify your answer.
Then the segment
• How are an isosceles trapezoid
joining the midpts. 41. the two nonparallel sides 42. the diagonals
and a rectangle similar? How of the non-n sides is See left. B
are they different? the sum of the * ) See margin.
43. BN is the perpendicular bisector of AC at N.
midsegments of the
Describe the set of points, D, for which ABCD is a kite.
>. This sum is See above left. A N C
1 1 1 Proof 44. Prove that the angles formed by the noncongruent sides
2 B ± 2 b ≠ 2 (B ± b).
34. No; if two consecutive ' of a kite are congruent. (Hint: Draw a diagonal of the kite.)
are suppl., then another See back of book.
pair must be also 340 Chapter 6 Quadrilaterals
because one pair of opp.
' is O. Therefore, the
opp. ' would be O, 35. Yes; the O ' must be 39. Answers may vary. 3. TR O PA (Given)
which means the figure 45° or 135° each. Sample: Draw TA and RP.
would be a ~ and not a 36. No; if two consecutive ' 4. RA O RA (Refl. Prop.
were compl., then the 1. isosc. trapezoid TRAP of O)
kite. (Given)
kite would be concave.
37. Rhombuses and squares 5. kTRA O kPAR (SSS)
2. TA O PR (Diagonals
would be kites since opp. 6. lRTA O lAPR
340 sides can be O also. of an isosc. trap. are O.) (CPCTC)
Test Prep
Test Prep
Resources
Multiple Choice 45. Which statement is true for every trapezoid? B For additional practice with a
A. Exactly two sides are congruent. B. Exactly two sides are parallel. variety of test item formats:
C. Opposite angles are supplementary. D. The diagonals bisect each other. • Standardized Test Prep, p. 361
46. Which statement is true for every kite? J • Test-Taking Strategies, p. 356
F. Opposite sides are congruent. G. At least two sides are parallel. • Test-Taking Strategies with
H. Opposite angles are supplementary. J. The diagonals are perpendicular. Transparencies
47. Two consecutive angles of a trapezoid are right angles. Three of the
following statements about the trapezoid could be true. Which statement
CANNOT be true? A
A. The two right angles are base angles.
B. The diagonals are not congruent.
C. Two of the sides are congruent.
D. No two sides are congruent.
48. Quadrilateral EFGH is a kite. What is the G
value of x? H
F. 15 75⬚
F H
G. 70
x⬚ 20⬚
H. 85
E
J. 160
Short Response 49. In the trapezoid at the right, BE 5 2x 2 8,
A D
DE 5 x 2 4, and AC 5 x 1 2.
49. [2] a. (2x – 8) ± (x – 4) a. Write and solve an equation for x. E
B C 42. It is one half the
≠ x ± 2 OR b. Find the length of each diagonal.
equivalent difference of the lengths
equation; x ≠ 7 50. Diagonal RB of kite RHBW forms an equilateral triangle with two of the of the bases; from
sides. m&BWR = 40. Draw and label a diagram showing the diagonal and
b. 9, 9 Ex. 41, the length of the
the measures of all the angles. Which angles of the kite are largest?
segment joining the
[1] one computational See margin.
error midpts. of the non- n
sides is 12(B ± b). By the
Side-Splitter Thm., the
Mixed Review middle part of this
segment joins the
Lesson 6-4 Find the indicated angle measures for the rhombus. 126⬚ 3 midpts. of the diags.
GO for
Help 51. m&1 126 52. m&2 27 53. m&3 27 Each outer segment
1
measures 21 b. So the
2
length of the segment
Lesson 5-2 x 2 Algebra Find the values indicated. connecting the midpts.
F A of the diags. is
54. a. a 55. a. x 1
b. FG 2a - 3 b. CD D B 2 (B – b).
c. GH E G c. BC 50. [2]
a+1 2x + 24 7x + 9
a. 4 a. 3 R
b. 5 H b. 30 C
c. 5 c. 30 60° 70°
Lesson 4-2 56. State the postulate that justifies the B C D H 60° 40° W
statement #ABC > #DEF. SAS
60° 70°
A F E B
lHRW and lHBW
[1] incorrect diagram
lesson quiz, PHSchool.com, Web Code: aua-0605 Lesson 6-5 Trapezoids and Kites 341 OR no work shown