PERIMETER, AREA AND

VOLUME OF BASIC GEOMETRIC

SHAPE
Engr. Michael B. Balberona Jr.
 In Mathematics, Geometric shapes are the figures
which demonstrate the shape of the objects we see in
our everyday life.
 In geometry, shapes are the forms of objects which
have boundary lines, angles and surfaces. There are
different types of 2d shapes and 3d shapes.
 Shapes are nothing but simple geometric figures
which have a specific boundary, interior and exterior
surface area.
 In plane geometry, the two-dimensional shapes are
flat shapes and closed figures such as circle, square,
rectangle, rhombus, etc.
 In solid geometry, the three-dimensional shapes are
cube, cuboid, cone, sphere and cylinder.
TYPES AND PROPERTIES OF GEOMETRIC
SHAPES
Triangle
Triangle is a polygon, which is made of three sides
and consists of three edges and three vertices. Also,
the sum of its internal angles equals to 180 degrees.
 CLASSIFICATION OF TRIANGLES

Based on their Sides Based on their Angles

Scalene Triangle Acute Triangle

Isosceles Triangle Obtuse Triangle

Equilateral Triangle Right Triangle

 BASED ON SIDES
Scalene Triangle
A scalene triangle has all side
lengths of different measures.
No side will be equal in length
to any of the other sides in such
a triangle. In a scalene triangle,
all the interior angles are also
different.
 BASED ON SIDES

Isosceles Triangle
In an isosceles triangle, the
lengths of two of the three sides are
equal. So, the angles opposite the
equal sides are equal to each other.
In other words, an isosceles triangle
has two equal sides and two equal
angles.
 BASED ON SIDES

Equilateral Triangle
In an equilateral triangle, all the
lengths of the sides are equal. In
such a case, each of the interior
angles will have a measure of 60
degrees. All the three sides of the
triangles are equal as well as all the
interior angles equal to 60 degrees.
 BASED ON ANGLES

Acute Triangle
An acute triangle is a triangle
whose all the three interior angles
are acute. In other words, if all
interior angles are less than 90
degrees, then it is an acute-angled
triangle.
 BASED ON ANGLES

Obtuse Triangle
Obtuse triangles are those in
which one of the three interior angles
has a measure greater than 90
degrees. In other words, if one of the
angles in a triangle is an obtuse
angle, then the triangle is called
an obtuse-angled triangle.
 BASED ON ANGLES
Right Triangle
A right triangle is a triangle in
which one of the angles is 90
degrees. In a right-angled triangle,
the side opposite to the right angle
(90-degree angle) will be the
longest side and is called the
hypotenuse.
Triangle
Triangle is a polygon, which is made of three sides
and consists of three edges and three vertices. Also,
the sum of its internal angles equals to 180 degrees.
Circle
A circle is a round plane figure whose boundary
(the circumference) consists of points equidistant from
a fixed point (the center).
Square
Square is a quadrilateral where all the four sides
and angles are equal and the angles at all the vertices
equal to 90° each.
Rectangle
A quadrilateral which has its two pairs of opposite
sides equal in length and interior angles are at the
right angles.
Parallelogram
A parallelogram is a quadrilateral with two pairs of
parallel sides and opposite angles are equal in
measures.
Polygons
These are made up of line segments and no curves.
They are enclosed structure based on different length
of sides and different angles.
 Three-Dimensional Shapes

Most of the three-dimensional shapes can be defined

as a set of vertices, lines that connect the vertices and
faces enclosed by these lines including obtained
interior points.
The Primary Three-Dimensional Shapes
• Cube
• Cuboid
• Cone
• Cylinder
• Sphere
 A cube is a three-
dimensional shape
which has 6 faces,
Cube 8 vertices and 12
edges. The faces
of the cube are
square.
 A cuboid is also
three dimensional
solid having 6
faces, 8 vertices
Cuboid and 12 edges but
the faces of the
cuboid are in a
rectangular shape.
 A cone is a solid
which has a
circular base and
narrows smoothly
Cone from surface to the
top at a point
called apex or
vertex.
 A cylinder is a 3d
solid shape that
has two parallel
circular bases
Cylinder connected by a
curved surface. It
has no vertex.
 A sphere is a round
shape in 3d plane,
whose radius is
extended to three-
Sphere
dimensions (x-axis,
y-axis and z-axis).
 PERIMETER

A perimeter is a path that encompasses/surrounds a

two-dimensional shape. The term may be used either
for the path, or its length in one dimension. It can be
thought of as the length of the outline of a shape.
The perimeter of a circle or ellipse is called its
circumference.
PERIMETER
 PERIMETER
EXAMPLE:
 PERIMETER
EXAMPLE:
 AREA

In geometry, the area can be defined as the space

occupied by a flat shape or the surface of an object.
The area of a figure is the number of unit squares
that cover the surface of a closed figure.
Area is measured in square units such as square
centimeters, square feet, square inches, etc.
AREA
 AREA
EXAMPLE:
 AREA
EXAMPLE:
 AREA
EXAMPLE:
 VOLUME

Volume is the amount of space in a certain solid or

3D object.
VOLUME
終わり
Owari