May/June 2017 Mathematics Paper 1 Solutions

1. (−3)2 + (−2)2 = 9 + 4 = 13
1
2. 1 3 +? = 2
1 2
?= 2 − 13 = 3

3. Ann received 1 share less than Betty (3 – 2 = 1) and that 1 share is equal to $60. Since
there is a total of (2 + 3 = )5 shares, the total amount of money shared must be 5 x $60 =
$300.
4. The quickest solution to this problem is by approximating
23.5 to 24 and 0.487 to 0.5 and multiplying. Thus, 24 x 0.5 = 12.
The nearest number to 12 is 11.445

60
5. 60% of 80 =100 × 80 = 48 (% means “over 100” and “of” means to multiply)

6. Since 30% of a number is 45, we need to find out what is 10% of that same number.
30% ≡ 45
30 45
% ≡ 30
30

1% ≡ 1.5
4
Since we are working in percentages, convert to a %: 5 × 100% = 80%

∴ 80% ≡ 80 × 1.5 = 120

7. Each digit in the number 48.621 has a specific place value:
Tens Ones Tenths Hundredths Thousandths
4 8 . 6 2 1
40 8 . 6 2 1
10 100 1000

8. A factor of a number that can go into another number exactly. The factors of
12 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12} of 15 = {1, 3, 5, 15} and 60 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 12, 15, 20, 30,
60}.
The numbers 1, 2 and 3 are the only one common throughout with 3 being the Highest
Common Factor.

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9. The sequence increases by adding 5 then 7 then 9 then 11 then 13. The next term in the
sequence is found by adding 13. Answer = 33 + 13 = 46.
10. The distributive law operates like factorization. Thus,
49 x 17 + 49 x 3 = 49 (17 + 3) = 49 x 20
11. The symbol ∩ is called intersection and gives the number that is the same in all three
sets. ∴ 𝑃 ∩ 𝑄 ∩ 𝑅 = {2}
12. The shaded region outside a set P is called the Complement of
set P (represented as 𝑃′, and it is the set of members that are not
inside 𝑃′.
13. We are told that 17 students study Mathematics and 20 study
Art, which totals 37 students. However, there are only 32 students in the class which
suggests that 37 – 32 = 5 students are being counted twice as the belong to both sets.
14. P = {factors of 6} = {1, 2, 3, 6} Q = {factors of 4} = {1, 2, 4}
The shaded region is where members that are the same in
both sets will be. That is, 𝑃 ∩ 𝑄 = {1, 2}.
10
15. 10% of 180 = 100 × $180 = $18

16. The tax is $0.70 (i.e. 70 cents) on every $100. Since $18,000 is made up of 180 hundred
dollar notes ($100), the $0.70 tax would be multiplied 180 times.
i.e. 180 x $0.70 = $126
17. The car lost 5% of its value (known as depreciation) after 1 year so, it must have been
worth more at the start of the year. In any case, it is now worth only (100% - 5% =) 95%
of its original value, which we are told is $9 500. Hence,
95% = $9500
$9500
1% = = $100
100

∴ 100% = 100 × $100 = 1 = $10,000 (100% is equal to the original value)

18. He made $100 - $80 = $20 in profit. His profit as a percentage of the cost price
80
= 200 × 100% = 25%

19. His Taxable Income (the portion of his salary that the Government taxes) is found by
subtracting his Allowances from his Salary.
Taxable income = 45,000 – 13,000 = 32,000 which is then taxed at a rate of 35%

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 35
Tax = 100 × 32000 = $11,200
100×𝐼 100×$900
20. 𝑅= = = 5%
𝑃×𝑇 $6000×3

21. The hire purchase price = deposit + total monthly payments = $35 + 12 x $30 = $35 +
$360 = $395. This is (395 – 350 =) $45 more than the cash price.
22. The 6% tax must be added to the price.
6
Tax = 100 × $50 = $3

∴ 50 + 3 = $53
23. The terms “times” and “product” both means to multiply. Answer = 7 × 𝑎 × 𝑏 = 7𝑎𝑏
24. Given 4 < 2𝑥 ≤ 6
4 2𝑥 6
Divide each term by 2: < ≤2
2 2

2<𝑥≤3
25. (𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 − 1) = 𝑥 × 𝑥 + 𝑥 × (−1) + 3 × 𝑥 + 3 × (−1)

=𝑥 2 − 1𝑥 + 3𝑥 − 3

=𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 3
The word “coefficient” of x means the “number infront of” x, which is 2.
Watch video on expanding brackets.

26. 3𝑥 2 × 2𝑥 3 = 3 × 2 × 𝑥 2 × 𝑥 3 = 6 × 𝑥 (2+3) = 6𝑥 5 (Laws of indices video)

(−2)3 −2×−2×−2 −8
27. Substitute -2 for m: 𝑃 = 2−(−2) = = = −2
2+2 4

28. This is a binary operations question.

Here simply substitute the a = 7 and b = 28 into the given expression.
𝑎 7 1 3
− 1 = 28 − 1 = 4 − 1 = − 4
𝑏

29. Solve the equation for x: 5(2𝑥 − 1) = 35

10𝑥 – 5 = 35 Remove brackets by multiplying by 5
10𝑥 = 35 + 5 5 moves to the right side and changes sign
10𝑥 = 40
40
𝑥 = 10 = 4

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30. John has x marbles and his friend Max has twice as many, which would be 2x. Max gives
John 5 of his marbles, thereby increasing John’s original amount by 5. John now has 5
marbles more than he started off with, i.e., 𝑥 + 5.
31. Work backwards and reverse the original operations:
21 ÷ 3 = 7 the reverse of multiplying by 3 is dividing by 3
7 + 8 = 15 the reverse of subtracting 8 is adding back 8
32. 1 tonne = 1000 kg
33. The Volume of a cube is = side x side x side = 3 x 3 x 3 = 27
1 5 2
34. Speed = distance travelled ÷ time taken = 80 𝑘𝑚 ÷ 2 2 ℎ𝑟𝑠 = 80 ÷ 2 = 80 × 5 = 32

35. The total area would be the area of the triangle added to the
area of the square.
𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒×ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 5×4
Area of triangle = = = 10 5 cm
2 2

(the base of the triangle is a side of the square)

Area of square = side x side = 5 x 5 = 25
Total area = 10 + 25 = 35
36. Given area of triangle = 𝑙 × 𝑤 = 53.6
Area of new triangle = 4 times length x half of width
1 1
= 4𝑙 × 2 𝑤 = 4 × 2 × (𝑙 × 𝑤) = 2 × 53.6 = 107.2

37. He left home at 22:15 hrs, which is 10:15 p.m. and arrived at his destination at 04:00
hrs, or 4:00 a.m. the next morning. It therefore took him 5hrs and 45 mins to reach his
3
destination. Ans = 5 4 hrs

38. 1 km = 400 000 cm.

The ratio of the distance on the map to the distance around the lake, i.e., the scale of
the map, is

Map Lake (km) Lake (cm)

2 cm 8 km 800 000 cm
1 cm 400 000 cm (divide by 2)

∴ Scale: 1 : 400 000

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39. The perimeter of the square is the distance around the square, which is given as 56 cm.
Because a square has 4 equal sides, we can easily find the length of each side by dividing
56 cm by 4.
i.e., 56/4 = 14
The area of a square, A = side x side = 14 x 14 = 196 cm2

40. Volume of a cylinder, 𝑉 = 𝜋𝑟 2 ℎ , where r = radius = 3 cm

and h = height = 8 cm.
𝑉 = 𝜋𝑟 × 32 × 8 = 𝜋 × 9 × 8 = 𝜋 × 72 = 72𝜋
41. The modal age is the most frequently occurring age, which the age that corresponding
to the tallest bar on the histogram. Hence, modal age is 7 years.
42. The total number of children is found by adding the
frequencies that corresponds to the heights of the bars.

Age No. of
Children
4 3
5 4
6 2
7 5
8 1
Total 15

43. The range is the difference between the highest and lowest scores, i.e., range = 10 – 2 =
8
𝑆𝑢𝑚 𝑜𝑓 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟𝑠
44. The mean, or average, of a set of numbers = 𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟𝑠 = 10

4+8+2𝑥+12
i.e., = 10
4
2𝑥+24
= 10
4

2𝑥 + 24 = 4 × 10 = 40
2𝑥 = 40 − 24
2𝑥 = 16
16
𝑥= =8
2

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45. Because 100 of the 120 students are expected to pass, 20 would be expected to fail. The
20 1
probability of a student failing is therefore = 120 = 6

46. The correct answer is D, since a function is represented as a one-to-one mapping (arrow
diagram).

47. The line AB cuts the y-axis at the point A which has coordinates
(0, -2).

48. The question is asking to find the value of the function h(x),
when x = -6 (the number within the brackets).
3(−6)−2 −18−2 20
Substituting x = -6, gives: ℎ(−6) = = =− = −4
5 5 5

49. The circles at the points -2 and 3 indicate the end points of a range of values on the
number line but does not include them. This means that only the values -1, 0, 1 and 2
which is represented by the inequality −2 < 𝑥 < 3.
50. Here, we look for the values where the graph cuts the x-axis. i.e., when x = 0 and x = 4.

51. The first set of numbers under x, is called the domain and the
second set of numbers under y is called the range. The arrow
linking the numbers in the domain to numbers in the range,
indicates a relationship between the two numbers.
The relationship is that the value in the range is 3 more than
the number in the range. This is represented as 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 + 3.

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52. The sum of the exterior angles (the angles outside) of a polygon is
360°. A regular polygon has equal sides and equal exterior angles.
Since each exterior angle is 60°, we need 6 of them to add up to
360°. Hence, the polygon must have 6 sides which makes it a
hexagon.
53. As seen on the diagram angle ABE is on the same straight line as angle ABD = 58°. Since
angles on a straight line add up to 180°, angle ABE = 180° – 58° = 122°.

54. An isosceles triangle has 2 equal sides and two equal angles. In our triangle, we are
given one of the equal angles, 30°, so that the angle opposite to it is also 30°.

The three angles in a triangle add up to 180° which means that the unknown angle x can
easily be calculated: 𝑥 = 180° − 30° − 30° = 120°
55. Rotating the line y = x anticlockwise, through an angle of 90°,
moves it to a new position as shown in the diagram.
This is the line 𝑦 = −𝑥.

56. Since both triangles are similar, the ratio of their

corresponding sides must also be equal. This means
that we can set up an equation that looks like this:
𝑀𝑁 𝑀𝑂
=
𝐴𝐵 𝐴𝐶
3 𝑀𝑂
=
6 7
3×7
= 𝑀𝑂 Cross multiplying by 7
6

3.5 = 𝑀𝑂

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57. In triangle ABC, AB is the hypotenuse and BC is the opposite side.
𝑂𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒 𝑆𝑖𝑑𝑒
Sin 30° = 𝐻𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒

𝐵𝐶
Sin 30° = 40

40 × sin 30° = 𝐵𝐶
58. Since we are given a right-angled triangle, we must use Pythagoras’ Theorem to solve
for the unknown side, x.

152 + 𝑥 2 = 172 17 is the hypotenuse (longest side)

225 + 𝑥 2 = 289
𝑥 2 = 289 − 225 = 64

𝑥 = √64 = 8
59. The three angles in a triangle must add up to 180°. To find the unknown angle we must
subtract the two known ones from 180°
? = 180° − 𝑥 − 2𝑥 = 180° − 3𝑥

60. From the diagram, the surveyor’s instrument

only measures part of the building. This form a
triangle, in which we are given an angle of 40°
and two sides: the opposite side, which we will
call h, and the adjacent side, 12 m.
Using trigonometry,
𝑂𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒 𝑆𝑖𝑑𝑒
tan 40° =
𝐴𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑆𝑖𝑑𝑒

ℎ
tan 40° = 12

12 × tan 40° = ℎ
The total height of the building is the man’s height added to 12 × tan 40°.
Answer: 1.6 + 12 × tan 40°

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