Nama : Agung Manalu

Nim: 5193331010
Kelas:PTEB’19
Mata Kuliah : Bahasa inggris tehnik

Wireless technology
Wireless is a connecting two devices that do not use wired media (wireless). Wireless technology
is a wireless technology, in conducting telecommunications relations no longer uses media or
cable facilities but by using electromagnetic waves as a substitute for cables.

Nowadays the development of wireless technology is growing and developing rapidly, where
every time we always need telecommunications facilities, this can be proven by the increasing
number of cellular telephone usage, besides that wireless technology is also used for internet
access:

1.Infrared (IR)

2.Wireless Wide Area Network (Bluetooth)

3.Radio Frequency (RF)

4.Wireless Personal Area Network / Cell Phones (GSM / CDMA)

5.Wireless LAN (802.11)

Examples of Wireless Technology:

Radio Frequency, is one of the pioneers of wireless, which is now widely used in subsequent
technologies such as cellphones, Bluetooth and others.

Infra Red or Infra Red, before being used on cellphones as a data transmission device, has been
used in TV remotes or various other remotes.

Bluetooth, a modification of radio frequency, differs from Infra Red which uses a medium of
light. This Bluetooth is a standard wireless technology on mobile phones that functions to
exchange data from close range using radio frequencies of 2.4 Ghz.
Development of Wireless 1G to 4G

First Generation (1G)

The development of wireless technology is characterized by the development of an analog

system with low speed (low speed) and sound as the main object. Two examples of the
development of wireless technology in this first stage are Nordic Mobile Telepohone and Analog
Mobile Phone System.

Second Generation (2G)

The development of wireless technology has become a commercial standard with digital format,
low-medium speed. Example: GSM and CDMA2000 1xRTT. Before entering into the
development of Third Generation (3G) technology, many parties often insert a stage of
development, Generation 2.5 (2.5G), namely digital wireless data communication technology,
medium speed (up to 150 Kbps). Technologies included in the 2.5G category are data-based
services such as GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) and EDGE (Enhance Data rate for GSM
Evolution) in the GSM domain and PDN (Packet Data Network) in the CDMA domain.

Third Generation (3G)

High-speed digital generation, which is capable of transferring high-speed data and multimedia
applications, to broadband. Example: W-CDMA (also known as UMTS) and CDMA2000 1xEV-
DO.

Fourth Generation (4G)

The official name of this 4G technology according to the IEEE (Institute of Electrical and
Electronics Engineers) is "3G and beyond". Before 4G, High-Speed Downlink Packet Access
(HSDPA), sometimes referred to as 3.5G technology, was developed by WCDMA just as EV-
DO developed CDMA2000. HSDPA is a mobile phone protocol that provides an evolutionary
path for Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) networks that will be able to
provide greater data capacity (up to 14.4 Mbit / sec downward direction). To increase data access
speeds that are high and full mobile, the IMT-2000 standard is further increased to 10 Mbps, 30
Mbps and 100 Mbps which is only 2 Mbps on 3G services. The speed of access is obtained by
using OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) and Multi Carrier technology. In
Japan this fourth generation service has been implemented.

The advantages of Wireless technology:

low maintenance costs (only covers cell stations, not like a cable network that covers the entire
cable).

The infrastructure is small in dimension, the construction is fast, easy to develop (for example,
with the concept of microscopy and frequency reuse techniques), it is easy and inexpensive to
relocate and support portability.