UNIVERSITY OF PUERTO RICO,

MAYAGUEZ CAMPUS

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I
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HOMEWORK

Set 3 Section 7.3

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JEANNERIE APONTE AMEZQUITA

PAMELA BAEZ RODRiGUEZ

PATRICIA CADIZ

JORMARIE L6PEZ RODRiGUEZ

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I II
JAVIER VARGAS
II
VALERIE VELEZ

AIR POLLUTION CONTROL: INQU5018-050

7.1 Analysts of d.ata from a cascade impactor
The following data were obtained when a sample of an aerosol population was analyzed with a
cascade impactor. Determine whether a log-normal distribution fits this data and, if so, estimate
MMD, NMD and a9 .

Size 1·ange Mass Dp Weight lo

(µm) (mg) size unge G ('1•)
(Jim)
0-4 25 4 0.06944 6.94
4-8 125 8 0.34722 41.67
8-16 100 16 0.27778 69.44
16-30 75 30 0.20833 90.28
30-50 30 50 0.08333 98.61
>50 5 >50 0.01389 100.00

Cumull!JW " sreater than Dp

100"·" "·• " '8 ~5 ~ 80 70 tiO :iO •o 30 20 10 5 2 l 0.5 0.2 0.01

,...
V"

./
V
V
... v
D, (µm) 10

_.....,
-
/

1
0 .01 0.2 1 2 5 10 20 so «>5060 10 ao ,o 9s 98" 9'9.8

Cumulotiw" less than D,

d84. 1 % = 22.6µm = Dp,r- dso% = Dpm = 11.Sµm =MMD, d15.9% = 5.70µm

d84.l% 22.6µm dsO'II, 11.Sµm
a9 =- - = ---
dsO'II, 11.Sµm
= 1.97 or ag = -d15.9%
- = 5 · 70µm = 2.02
La ., 1.97 + 2.02
ag.avg = - n9- = 2
U g.avg = 1. 995

= ln(NMD) + 3(ln a g.avo/

ln(MMD)
ln(ll.Sµm) = ln(NMD) + 3(ln (1.995))2
NMD = 2. 7494µm
 7.2) For the aerosol population of Problem 7.1, calculate the following:
a) Mass-fraction of particles with diameters between 5 and 10 x 10"-6 m. ANS: 32.3%
b) Fraction of the total number of particles w ith diameters between 1 and 5 x 10"-6 m.
ANS: 74.6%

~n.a. ~ i ( Jlm')
-<I- <l
i-1lo
o-4

(o

l '2-,, \ 00
2S
~ 5::, ~
( I 'l - 7-c;- J -== l11- - ~ J
(,ao- ~ (loO- l2D)

1- s; -- \c,

(lOO-~) -2-,D

l.~ C- .2-~ J -- l.:,[toD-X.J

f,~ [-20) - LOO ::: - X

Jo
- X 7' x~ t~ md-
-, -,
b) bp= \ +s-- -::: ~ JJ--.m
2- -

3 - 2- - \2 -2 -
X -2 -~ tOO-}..<;

' -- lD

X == -:=rs; + L--e;- --:::: ~'.2-. S- m l)

lb
 1:,.. Modal clfameter of a log-normal distrlbudon
Ao important parameter of a size distribution function is the modal diameter. Dp1,10,
defined as the diameter at which the greatest number of particles is clustered. This diam-
etel' is located at the maximum point of the curve for n (Dp), Show that. for a log-normal
cislribution,

&timah'! thP. motbll diameter for the aerosol population of Problem 7.1.

From Problem 7.1:

ln(l0.8) = ln(NMD) + 3(ln(l.995))2

NMD = 2.58µm

DpMO = (2.58)exp(-(ln{1.995))2] = 1.59 µm

7.4: Log bimodal size distribution

The foUowina data were obrained with a cascade impactor

0, (J.la) G(')
o..s 5.4
J.0 14.4
2.0 23.4
4.0 37.0
lO 55.1
10.0 61.4
15.0 72.7
20.0 79.6
25.0 84.6
50.0 94.8

Log Bimodal Size Distribution

60.0

50.0

... 40.0
....VV
E 30.0
"'
c5
20.0

10.0

0.0
0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0
G(%)

The model of Log Bimodal used to demonstrate the size distribution fits the cwve quite well,
therefore we can conclude that it's a great model to use to visualize size distribution. As we can
see from the graph it grows to a peak seamlessly in which this model helps us to obtain.
7.5 An aerosol population results from the combination of particulate matter from two distinct
=
sources. The coarser sources log-normally distributed with MMDc 10 µm and Oge 3.0. The =
finer source is also log-normally distributed with agr = 2.5. but unknown MMDr. Twenty-three
percent of all the mass originates at the fine particle source. It was found experimentally that
combined, cumulative mass fraction up to 3 µm was 30.8 %. Estimate the value ofMMDt for the
fine SOUTCe.
- MMDc = 10 µm &age= 3.0

- MMDr=? &og,r= 2.5

- G (Dp) = 0.23 * (MMDr)

G (Dp) > 3 µm = 30.8 % ➔ 3 µm (0.308)

_ R G1(Dp) + G,(D,)
( ) -
GD, R+ 1

R G1(D ) + G (D )
3 µm (0.308) = G(D,) = 0.23 (MMD,)= P
R+t
c '

3 µm(0.308) = 0.23 (MMD1)

1111D1 = 4.017 µm
7.10 Gravitational settling velocity

Atmospheric air is dried by bubbling it through concentrated sulfuric acid (pp=1840kg/m 3 ) . The acid
container is a 0.1-m diameter, 2-m long tube which holds 1.SL of acid. The air flow rate Is 10 L/min.
When the bubbles burst at the liquid surface, they form droplets. What Is the largest droplet that can be
carried out of this system?

When a bubble moves through a fluid Colum, the drag force on the bubble is given by

u,.2
Fo = CoApµpT

To estimate force of drag of the system we use Stokes law

FD = 3rrµDpU,.

Solving for Dp

D _ 18µ
P- Copu,.

lOxlo- 3
Q 60 m
u,. = - = -=-""'---- = 0.02122 -
A 'i (0.1)2 s

Re= Dpu,.p = 0.1 • 0.0212 • 1840 _

µ 0 _01789 x 103 - 2.2x10 5 --> C0 = 0.44

D = 18(0.01789x10·3 ) _
P 0.44(1840)(0.02122) - O.OOOOl9 m

DP= 19µm