Net-Part Test - 04 - Quantum Mechanics - Solution

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Solution
Part Test - 04 (Quantum Mechanics)
20-03-2020
Ans. 1: (d)
Solution: A is given by Matrix
1  0 1  0 
  1 0   0 1   0 1   1 0
 0  1   0 1  
 
A
 
1 1
A 
1 1
To find Eigen value A - I = 0

  
0
  
   2  2 2  0   2   2  2   2  0  1  0,  2  2
Now to find Eigen vector corresponding to λ1 = 0
   x1   x1  1 1 
    0  x1   x2 so orthogonal Eigen vector is  
   x2   x2  2  1
to find Eigen vector corresponding to λ2 = 2α
   x1  x  1 1
    2  1  x1  x2 , so Eigen vector is  
   x2   x2  2 1
Ans. 2: (c)
d2
Solution: a  x 2 
dx 2
 2 d2   d2   d2 
 a , cos  x  
 x  2
, cos  x 
   x 2
, cos  x  
 dx 2
, cos  x   0   2
, cos  x 
 dx     dx 
 d2  d2 d
 2 , cos  x   x   2  cos  x  x    cos  x
 dx  dx dx
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d  d  d 2
  sin  x   x   cos  x  cos  x
dx  dx  dx 2
 d d d 2  d 2
   2 cos  x    sin  x   sin  x  cos  x 2   cos  x 2
 dx dx dx  dx
d
  2 cos  x  2 sin  x
dx
Ans. 3: (b)
  2 d 2
Solution: i   V  x 
t 2m dx
2  d 
      exp  x    x  exp  x     V  x 
2m  dx 
 2  2 x  exp  x  
     2 x  exp  x    V  x 
2m  x 
 2  2 2 
       V  x 
2m  x 
 2  2 2 
V  x       
2m  x 
Ans. 4: (b)
Solution: A can be represent in basis of ui where i  1, 2, 3 with matrix element ui A u j
0 0 1 
So A   0 1 0 
 
1 0 0 
According to postulates eigen value of operator is the measurement of the state.

  0 1 

A   0 1  0   0
 1 0 0   
(   )(1   )(   )  (  (1   )  0
   
(1   )  2  1  0  (1   )  2  1  0   1,1,  1
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Ans. 5: (a)
 A A2 
Solution: A, B   I and e A   I    .......
 1 2 
 A2 , B   A3 , B 
 A

 A A2
e , B  I  
1 2

 ......., B  =  I , B    A, B  
2

3
....
 
e , B  0  I  A A,
A B    A, B  A
2!

A  A2 , B    A2 , B  A
3!
 ....
A2

e A , B  I  A   ....  e A where A, B   I , A2 , B  2 A and
2!

Ans. 6: (d)
Solution:   a1 1  a2 2  a3 3
 iE t   iE t   iE t 
  t   a1 1 exp   1   a2 2 exp   2   a3 3 exp   3 
        

Put t  and E1  E0 E2  2E0 and E3  3E0
E0
  t    a1 1  a2 2  a3 3
1   a1 , 2   a2 and 3   a3

Ans. 7: (d)
Solution:   a1 1  a2 2  a3 3
 iE1t   iE2t   iE3t 

  t   a1 1 exp     a2 2 exp     a3 3 exp   
        

Put t  and E1  E0 E2  2E0 and E3  3E0
E0
  t    a1 1  a2 2  a3 3
1   a1 , 2   a2 and 3   a3

Ans. 8: (b)
i
Solution: T     x     x     I  x   G  x     x   

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d
Expand   x    up to order  ,   x       x   
dx
i d d
I  x   G  x     x    , G  i
 dx dx
Ans. 9: (b)
a
2 a 2 9a 2   x
 c xdx 
Solution: 3 a
 2 2  a
a
2 a  3a c
 c dx
3 a
x
3 a 0 a
Ans. 10: (d)
1  ipx /  A 
Solution:   p, 0    e
2  
  x, 0  dx 
2  
 2 2

 exp  x / a  ipx /  dx
   p, 0  
Aa
2

exp a 2 p 2 / 4 2 
Ans. 11: (d)
1  H 2 E 2  2 E12
Solution:   0  i1 and H    E n2 P ( E n )  0
2  n 3
Ans. 12: (d)
Solution: n
2
1 2
 2i
2
 1 n 2
1  4  1  n
2
5 1 n 
1
5
Ans. 13: (d)
H  En  n2 2 2 2n2 2 2 n2 2 2

Solution:    F  E   F  
2ma 2 2ma3 ma3
n
a  a 
2n2 2 2  2 2 1
For n  1 F   , F 
2ma3 ma3 a3
Ans. 14: (c)
Solution: two odd state means there must be at least 4 state is possible.
9 2 2 162 2
 VoL2 
2m 2m
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Ans. 15: (b)

a a
Solution: The probability to find the particle in the interval between  and is
2 2
x x 1 1  2x  
a/2
2 2 a/2
1 x a/2
 
a / 2
2a

2a
cos  cos dx   cos 2
2a 2a a / 2
a 2a
dx     1  cos
a 2 a / 2 
dx 
2a  
a/2
1  a x  1 a a a  1  2a   1 1 
  x  sin      1  1   a   
2a   a   a / 2 2a  2 2   2a    2  
Ans. 16: (c)
Solution: System is slowly moves so system again remain in ground state of New potential.
 22  22 63 2  2

 
2 ma 2 2m(8a ) 2 128ma 2
Ans. 17: (b)
x V
Solution: V0  cosh    0  e x / L  e x / L 
L 2
V0  x 1  x 2  V0  x 1  x 2 
 1     ....  1      ....
2  L 2!  L   2  L 2!  L  
2
V0 V0 V0  x  1V  2
      V0   02 x
2 2 2 L 2 L 
V0 V0  V0
K ,  the energy difference is  
L2 mL 2
L m
Ans. 18: (d)
 1
Solution: eff  2 En   n     2 n  1,3,5,...
 2
 1 3
E1  1     2    2  3
 2 2
 1 7
E2   3     2    2  7 
 2 2
 E  E2  E1   7  3    4 
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Ans. 19: (d)

n   2 1/ 2
Solution: A 2   1   1  A 2  1  1   1  ....   1  A 2 1  A 2 3  1  A   2 
n 3  3 3  1 2 3
  1
3
Ans. 20: (a)
Solution:   x    0  x    1  x     x, t    0  x  ei
E0t Et
 1  x  e i 1
 
Now probability density at time t ,
t
  x, t    *  x, t   x, t    0  x    1  x   2 Re 0*  x  1  x  cos  E1  E0 
2 2 2

Putting t  
  x, t    0  x    1  x   2 Re 0*  x  1  x  cos   E1  E0    1
2 2 2
  x, t    0  x    1  x   2 Re 0*  x  1  x    1  x   0  x  
2 2 2 2
Ans. 21: (c)

1 1
Solution: V  x, y   m 2 x 2  m  2  y 2 i.e. 1   , 2  2
2
2 2
 1  1
 Enx ,ny   nx      n y   2
 2  2
3
For ground state: E0,0  
2
5
For first excited state: E1,0  
2
7
For second excited state: E0,1  E2,0   (Doubly degenerate)
2
Ans. 22: (a)

Solution: X 
2m
 a  a†   n X n  0
 
X2  n X2 n 
2m
a 2
 a †2   2 N  1    2n  1
2m
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2 
For any state n , X rms  X2  X  X rms  2n 1
2m
 
For n  0 X rms   X0 For nth state X rms   X 0 2n  1
2m 2m
Ans. 23: (c)
Solution:   sin 2 cos     e 3 i  e i  e  i  e  3 i
Ans. 24: (d)
a  2 x 1 2  2 x  
Solution:   A sin   sin  
2  a  a  2 a  a 
a  1 
  A  1  2 
2  2 
2 n x
where n  sin which is eigen ket of Hamiltonian of system.
a a
a  1 8
So A2 1   1  A 
2  4 5a
Ans. 25: (b)

Solution:  *  x   x dx  1

0 a a a
 a  x  dx   a  x  dx  1   a  x  dx   a  x  dx  1
2 2 2 2 2 2
A A
a 0 0 0
1/ 2
 2 A  a  x  dx  1  2 A  a  x  2ax dx  1 
2a 3 2  3 
a a
2 2 2 2
A 1  A   3 
2
0 0
3  2a 
Ans. 26: (a)
L  L
Solution: Lx   2     
2
For L , L  a1 11  a2 10  a3 11   a2 2 11  a3 2 10
 a2 2  11  a3 2  10
For L , L  a1 11  a2 10  a3 11   a1 2 10  a2 2 11
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L  L
Given   2 
2
L  L 1
   a2 2 11   a1  a3  2 10  a2 2 11 
2 2
L  L
   2  a1 11  a2 10  a3 11  (Given)
2
a2
Thus,  a1  a2  2a1
2
2 2 2 2 2
We also know that a1  a2  a1  a2  a3  1 .
1 1
Hence a1  a3  and a2  .
2 2
Ans. 27: (a)
 x y z
Solution: A  nˆ  L  A  Lx   Ly   Lz 
r r r
r sin  cos  r sin  sin  r cos 
 A  Lx   Ly   Lz 
r r r
 A  Lx sin  cos   Ly sin   sin   Lz cos 
2
Now, A  A2  A
A  Lx sin  cos   Ly sin  sin   Lz cos 
A   m  cos 
 Lx  0, Ly  0
A2  L2x sin 2  sin 2   L2z cos 2 
l  l  1  m 2  2 2  l  l  1  m 2  2 2
 A2    sin  cos 2      sin  sin   m  cos 
2 2 2 2
2  2 
l  l  1  m 2  2 2
 A2    sin  sin 2   cos 2    m 2  2 cos 2 
2
l  l  1  m 2  2 2
 A 2
  sin   m 2  2 cos 2 
2
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2 l  l  1  m 2 2 2
A  A 2
 A   sin   m 2  2 cos 2   m 2  2 cos 2 
2
l  l  1  m 2 
A   sin 
2
Ans. 28: (d)
0 1 0
  
Solution: LX  1 0 1

2 
0 1 0
Eigen value of Lx matrix is Eigen value of 1 , 0,  1
 L2 , LX   0 so it will make complete basis

 
Ans. 29: (b)
L2 n  n  1 
2
Solution: H   where n  0,1, 2...
2I 2I
a
2
ma 2 n  n  1  2
I  2 m   so n  0,1, 2...
2 2 ma 2
Ans. 30: (b)
L  L L  L
Solution: Lx   Lx 
2 2
 
1
6
 200  5 210  10 211  20 211 
1 5( 2  1)
L   2 5 211  2 10 210   L =
6 18
1 5( 2  1)
L  2 5 211  2 20 210   L
6 18
L  L 5( 2  1)
 Lx  =
2 18
Ans. 31: (c)
Solution:  S  S 1  S 2  S 2  S12  S22  2S1  S2
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3 3 
S 2     2.S1  S 2   2  S  0, 1
4 4 
3 
S 2  2   S1  S2   2 for singlet projection operator
4 
3 
s  s  1  2  2   S1  S 2   2  S  0
4 
3      3
0  0  1  2   S1  S2   S1  S2  
4  4
Ans. 32: (a)
1  2 3 
Solution:  2 I   x    I  x  2x  3x ...... 
1
2 2 2 2 
 x   x3   x5 ....... and I   x2   x4 .......
I 1 1    1 1  I  4  x  4   2 1 
1  2  4 .....  x
2 2 2  4 1  22  24 .....  2  3   4  3    3 I  3  x 
Ans. 33: (d)

1 1
Solution:  sx   sz  sz
2 2
 
So measurement is either or 
2 2
Ans. 34: (a)

Solution:  .nˆ   nx y  nz z  nz z
2
 nx x  ny y  nz z 
   
n x2 x2  n 2y x2  n x2 x2  n x n y  x y   y x  n y n z  y z   z y  n z n x  z x   x z 
n 2
x  n2y  nx2 I  I 
Ans. 35: (b)

Solution: H 
 2 S 2
x  S y2  2S z2 
S 2  S x2  S y2  S z2
S 2  S z2  S x2  S y2
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
H
 2 S 2
 3S z2 
11  2 3 2
S 2 Sms  s  s  1  2    1   
22  4
1 2
S z2 s, ms  ms2  2  
4
  3 2 3 2 
m, s H m, s    0
2  4 4 
Ans. 36: (b)

Solution: For ground state (l = 0)
e2
Turning point E  V a  a
E
a
 e2 

0
2me  E 
 r
dr  n


1
1
a  2me E     1 dx  a  2me E   n 1
0 
x 2
me e 4
E
2
Ans. 37: (d)
1 3
Solution: m j  m1  m s ml  1, ms   =  
2 2
Ans. 38: (b)
Solution: For the low energy Born approximation can be written as
a a
f  ,    
m m m
2  o
2 
Vd 3 r   V r 2 sin  d d dr   4 Vo  r 2 dr
2 2 0 2 2 0
a
2m r 3 2m a 3 2 mVo a 3
  2 Vo   2 Vo 
 3 0
 3 3 3
Ans. 39: (a)

Solution: For high energy only centrifugal force dominate,
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l l  1 2
So, E 
2 mr 2
l l  1 2 c 2
r
2mc 2 E
l=6
21 2 c 2
r
mc 2 E
Ans. 40: (d )
 A  a 2  x 2  , a  x  a
Solution:   x   
0 , otherwise
For normalization
  dx  1
*
15 15
A2  5
 A
16a 16a5
2 2   2 15
a a
T   *  dx   2  2    a 2  x 2 dx
5 
2m a
x 2
2 m 16a 0
52
T 
4ma2
a
1
V    *V dx , where V  x   m 2 x 2
a
2
a
1 15
2 x 2  a 2  x 2  dx.
2
5 
 m 2
2 16a 0
m 2 a 2
V 
14
52 m 2 a 2
E  T V  
4ma 2 14
dE 5   2   m 2 a
2
35  2 
0   0  a 4
  .
da 4ma3 7 2  m2 2 
1/ 2
 35    
a  
2
 .
 2   m 
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5 2 m 2 m 2 35 
E  .  .
4 m  35 14 2 m
  5 2 1 35    5 5   5  4  10
        
2  2 35 7 2  2  14 14  2 14 2 7
Ans. 41: (c)

a/4
Solution: E   H   dx
1 *
2 p 2 2
0
 2 x  4 x 
a/4 a/4
2 2 1
V   V0 sin 2   dx  V0  1  cos dx
0
a  a  a 0
2 a 
 4 
sin
2 a 4  1
 V0  
4   V0    0.25 V0
a 8  4
 a 
Ans. 42: (d)
nx2 2  2 n y  
2 2 2
1
Solution: Enx ,n y ,nz  2
 2
  nz    2 where
2ma 2 ma  2
nx  1, 2,3......, n y  1, 2, 3......, nz  1,3,5......
 2 2 3
So ground state is E1,1,1   
ma 2 2
Ans. 43: (b)
1 0 0  2 0 0
   
Solution: H 0   0 2 0  , H  0  0 1 i 
 0 0 2  0 i 1 
   
 2 0  1 i
 0 2 in H 0 is subspace 0  i 1 in H  because H  is in block diagonal form. So
 
we must diagonalise subspace H  . The Eigen value of H   0, 2 0 .
So correction in energy for energy E  2 E0 is 0, 2 0

Ans. 44: (d)
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i   
Solution:   . p   m  put value of   W  p  exp  ip.r  Et 
t
   I 0 
Ew   . p   m  w for particle at rest p  0 and w       
 0  I 
E  m 0   
 0  0  E  m, m
 E  m    
Ans. 45: (c)
Solution: Normalized wave function is given by    exp   x 
Average value of kinetic energy T   

2 2
2m
The average value of potential energy is given by
   1 
V    *V dx    x exp  2 x  dx  2  x exp  2 x  dx  2 2
  0  2  2
2
 2 2 
E    
2m 2
1/3
dE 2  2  m  m 
   0 3    2 
d 2m 2 2
2 2
 2 
1/ 3 2
2/3 2 1 2 1 1 1 1
2  m    2 2 
    2 1/ 3  1
 
1 3 1 1 1 
E       2 3    m3   3 23 m 3 2 3
2m  2 2  2  m  2
5 1
1 1 1 1 1
   
 2 3 2 1/ 3  1 3 3
  m  
 
2
2
  3  1 3 3 2
 2 m 
2 
  3
1/ 3 1/ 3
  2 2    1 1/ 3  1 1/ 3  2   2  2 
    2     
 m    25   2   3  4 m 

Ans. 46: (b)
Solution: H '  bx 2 put x  r sin  cos 
1
E11   1 H   1 ,  1  e  r / a0   1* H  1r 2 sin  dr d d 
a 3
0
 2r  2
b 
3 
r 2
e r dr  sin 3  d  cos 2  d  ba02
a0 2
 a0 0 0 0
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Ans. 47: (b)

2m 
Solution: f      rV  r  sin  qr  dr
2 q 0
2mA  2mA  2  exp  iqr   exp  iqr  

f     2 
 q 0
r exp  r 2
/ a 2
sin qr  dr   2
 q 0
2

 r exp r / a   2i
 dr
 
mAq3  q2a2 
f      exp   
2 2  4 
2 m 2 A2 a 6   q 2a 2 
D      exp   
4 4 
  2 
Ans. 48: (d)
13.6
Solution: En    eV  n4 E4
n2
For n  1: E1  13.6 eV
E
For n  4 : E4  0.85 eV
n 1 E1
where E  E1  E4  12.75 eV
E
The momentum of the emitted photon is p   12.75 eV / C
C
According to momentum conservation, the momentum of the recoil atom is same as of
photon but with opposite direction. Thus kinetic energy of the recoil atom is
p2
ER 
2mH
where m H  1.008 amu  1.008  931.4941 MeV / C 2  938.94 MeV / C 2
ER 
12.75 eV / C 2  1.73 107 eV
6 2
938.94 10 eV / C
Ans. 49: (a)
 V k   k 
Solution:  p,V  r    i rˆ  i  2  rˆ  i  3  r
r r  r 
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      k  k   
A  i . p   p, V  r    i . p  i  3  r   3  . p  r
r  r
2k  1    2k     2k   
  . p  r  S .r  p   S .L
r3 2 r3 r3
Ans. 50: (b)
Solution: For bosons total wave function is symmetric and for fermions total wave function must
be anti symmetric. Hence if the spin part is symmetric then space part should be
symmetric for boson and if the spin part is symmetric then space part should be anti-
symmetric for fermions .
Ans. 51: (a)
Solution: As we are only interested in the spin state and the magnetic field is uniform in space,
  eB
we can leave out the space part of the wave function. H    .B  e .B   z ,   z
2mc
E1   , E2  
As the electron is initially along the y direction, the initial spin wave function is
it
1  1 1 e 
  t  0    .   t  t    .
2 i  2  ie  it 
 it
 1 0 1e 
Hence s x    t  sˆx   t   .  eit  ieit     it 
2 2  1 0   ie 
i 2it 2it 

4
 e e    sin  2t  .
2
Ans. 52: (c)

Solution:   p  
p 2
2
x
 
From inverse Fourier transformation, Normalize,   x   e 

Because A  B
Ans. 53: (b)
Solution: CQ  q  q   q
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QC  q   q   q
So CQ  QC  0  CQ  QC  CQC 1  QCC 1  Q

Ans. 54: (b)
Solution: For A to be a projection operator A should be Hermitian and A2 should be equal to
A . The Hermitian adjoint of 1 2 is 2 1 and that of 2 1 is 1 2 . So
† † †
A†   1 2  2 1    1 2    2 1 
 2 1  1 2  A
Hence A is Hermitian.
Now, A2   1 2  2 1   1 2  2 1 
 1 2  1 2  2 1   2 1  2 1  2 1 
  1 2 1 2  1 2 2 1    2 1 1 2  2 1 2 1 
Since 1 and 2 are orthonormal,
A2  1 1  2 2
Which is not the same as A ? So A is not a projection operator.

Ans. 55: (b)
Solution: Wave function corresponding to the potential is given as,   x
  A exp   x2 / 2  cosh  2x
Now, the plot of  v/s x will be x
Thus, as a result the plot of potential versus x is

V  x
x
Hence, the correct option is (b)
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Net-Part Test - 04 - Quantum Mechanics - Solution

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fiziks

To find Eigen value A - I = 0

According to postulates eigen value of operator is the measurement of the state.

1   a1 , 2   a2 and 3   a3

 iE1t   iE2t   iE3t 

1   a1 , 2   a2 and 3   a3

Ans. 12: (d)

H  En  n2 2 2 2n2 2 2 n2 2 2

Ans. 15: (b)

 22  22 63 2  2

Ans. 19: (d)

Ans. 21: (c)

For L , L  a1 11  a2 10  a3 11   a1 2 10  a2 2 11

A  Lx sin  cos   Ly sin  sin   Lz cos 

A2  L2x sin 2  sin 2   L2z cos 2 

 L2 , LX   0 so it will make complete basis

Ans. 33: (d)

Ans. 36: (b)

Ans. 39: (a)

Ans. 41: (c)

nx  1, 2,3......, n y  1, 2, 3......, nz  1,3,5......

So correction in energy for energy E  2 E0 is 0, 2 0

Average value of kinetic energy T   

Ans. 47: (b)

2mA  2mA  2  exp  iqr   exp  iqr  

where m H  1.008 amu  1.008  931.4941 MeV / C 2  938.94 MeV / C 2

So CQ  QC  0  CQ  QC  CQC 1  QCC 1  Q

Since 1 and 2 are orthonormal,

Which is not the same as A ? So A is not a projection operator.

Thus, as a result the plot of potential versus x is

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