ARRAY OF DNA- THE GENE CHIP

The genetic code is held in the DNA. The RNA, a movable copy of that code, moves
outside to the cytoplasm to act as a template guide for production of proteins at the
ribosome. Measuring RNA volume to look at gene expression levels helps to
differentiate between a normal cell and a malignant cell. A Gene chip, or more formally
a “microarray” does exactly that. Being not much larger than a postage stamp, each
biochip or gene chip contains at the least 400,000 cells when on a glass substrate, each
cell holding DNA from a different human gene. By microarray profiling, doctors can test
the gene patterns of patients and can easily diagnose them with highly specific diseases
like cancer, Tay Sachs, diabetes and Cystic fibrosis and also provide effective
medication

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