Mass Transfer Operation-1

Distillation- Session 6
Batch distillation

Amit K. Thakur
Department of Chemical Engineering
University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun
Phone/ WhatsApp:+918979778821

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 Continuous distillation

➢ Continuous columns process a continuous feed stream

➢ No interruptions occur unless there is a problem with the

column or surrounding process units

➢ They are capable of handling high throughputs

➢ Continuous column is the more common of the two types

✓ Flash distillation /Flash vaporization / Equilibrium distillation
(Single stage)
✓Multi-stage Continuous distillation
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 Flash distillation /Flash vaporization / Equilibrium distillation

Flash drum

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 Flash distillation /Flash vaporization / Equilibrium distillation

HD
Vapor
Feed = 1 mol/s HF + Q

Q Liquid
HF

High pressure feed

HB
HF , HD and HB are the enthalpy of feed, distillate and the bottom product respectively (kJ/mol)
Q is the rate of heed supply in the heat exchanger (kJ/s)
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 Flash distillation /Flash vaporization / Equilibrium distillation
Define f as molal fraction of the feed that is vaporized
and withdrawn continuously as vapor. Therefore, for 1
mole of binary feed mixture, (1- f) is the molal fraction
of the feed that leaves continuously as liquid

Based on the definition for f, the greater the heating

is, the larger the value of f. If the feed is completely
vaporized, then f = 1.0 Thus, the value of f can varies
from 0 (no vaporization) to 1 (total vaporization).

The value of f can varies from 0 (pure liquid) to 1 (total

vaporization)

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 Flash distillation /Flash vaporization / Equilibrium distillation
Material balance for the more volatile component (A)

Rearranging to obtain the equation of operating line,

Slope

It will intersect the equilibrium line at the point (xB, yD). From this
value, the composition of the vapor and liquid leaving the
separator can be obtained
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 Flash distillation /Flash vaporization / Equilibrium distillation

Enthalpy balance

1 mol/s of feed

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 Flash distillation /Flash vaporization / Equilibrium distillation

Intercept

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Multistage continuous distillation

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Multistage continuous distillation

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Crude oil distillation in
Refinery

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