HOUSING

[ ANALYSIS AND DESIGN FOR HIG, MIG & LIG HOUSING SCHEMES ]
Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs, Government of India, is a
federal ministry with executive authority over the formulation
and administration of the rules and regulations and laws relating
to the housing and urban development in India. The Ministry
became independent from the Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation in 2004, but
was later re-merged with it in 2017.
SCHEMES/ PROGRAMMES UNDER MOHUA
• The Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs is
the apex authority of Government of India at
the national level to formulate policies,
sponsor and support programme, coordinate
the activities of various Central Ministries,
State Governments and other nodal
authorities and monitor the programmes
concerning all the issues of urban
development in the country.

• As per Government of India (Allocation of

Business) Rules 1961, the below mentioned is
one of the business thet has been allocated
to the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs :
Formulation of housing policy and
programme (except rural housing which is
assigned to the Department of Rural
Development), review of the implementation
of the Plan Schemes, collection and
dissemination of data on housing, building
materials and techniques, general measures
for reduction of building costs and nodal responsibility for National Housing Policy.

FEATURES OF HOUSING SCHEMES IN INDIA

Housing is the most basic necessity of life and needs to be taken great care. With more than 50
percent of the Indian population being homeless or basic slum dwellers or rental population,
owing houses can be viewed as a matter of a great deal. Also with the increase in the housing
facilities prices and increase in the prices of land, the cost of owning a house in the 20th
century has touched great heights. Although, our government has always been supportive of
families who find it difficult to own a small house.
AIM THROUGH HOUSING SCHEMES

Government is always doing its fair share to uplift the economically backward people and help
them discover their needs and wants. To help the people built their own home, the government
came up with many welfare schemes for the year 2020. The main focus among all the schemes,
in general, was to provide a roof over people’s head. Especially the people who are living on
footpaths and can’t even afford Houses and live in rental houses.

LIST
LISTOF
OFHOUSING
DIFFERENTSCHEMES
HOUSING IN INDIA 2020
SCHEMES IN INDIA 2020

Different housing schemes which came out in the year 2019-2020 through the government for
the welfare of the people are given below:-

1. PRADHAN MANTRI AWAS YOJANA (PMAY)

The most talked about and most essential scheme which
came up in the year 2019 was the Pradhan Mantri Awas
yojana or better known as PMAY. The pradhan Mantri Awas
yojana was focused on the overall welfare of the economically
backward people and aimed to provide housing facilities for
them.

Also, the pradhan Mantri Awas yojana was separately

launched for the both URBAN and RURAL population. The launching of scheme separately
proved to be a great asset in respect to the welfare of the people.

The whole of the PMAY scheme was launched in the year 2015 and is targeted to end by the
year 2022

• PMAY (URBAN) – Under the PMAY scheme for the urban population about 3 lakhs
homes have been constructed against a target of 40.6 lakh by 2022.

PMAY (RURAL) – Under the PMAY scheme for the rural population about 28.8 lakh
homes have been constructed against a target of 1 crore by 2022.

2. DELHI DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY HOUSING SCHEME

Under the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana certain small schemes

were launched in order to create a web through which each and
every household shall get benefited. One such small yet powerful
scheme was the Delhi Development Authority Housing scheme.
The Delhi Development Authority has also launched their housing
schemes before in the year 2018 which gained a huge success and empowered people to own
their own houses. Under the DDA, a total of 20987 flats were being constructed for the people
of each income group.

Out of these 20987 flats:-

• 488 units will be for the high-income group (HIG)

• 579 units for the middle-income group (MIG)
• 16,296 units for the low-income group (LIG)
• 3,624 units for the economically-weaker section (EWS)
• The EWS will avail the housing facilities under PMAY

3. MAHARASHTRA HOUSING AND AREA DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY (MHADA)

The Maharashtra housing and area development authority or
better known as MHADA propose a lottery scheme every year
for the welfare of the people who are economically backward.
The lottery provides homes with comparably lower rates than
the actual houses. This year also the housing facilities were
provided by the MHADA for people belonging to every income
group.

Housing units under each category were:-

• 63 flats in the EWS category

• 126 flats in LIG category
• 201 houses in the MIG category
• 194 housing units in the HIG category.

The localities finalized for the construction in Mumbai are:-

• Antop Hill (278 flats)

• Pratiksha Nagar (89 flats)
• Gavanpada Mulund (269 flats)
• Mankhurd (316 flats)
• Siddharth Nagar Goregaon West (24 flats)

4. MAHARASHTRA CIDCO LOTTERY 2020

The aim is to make housing facilities easily accessible to
the economically backward people as housing, sanitation
and development is the main concern of today’s
Government in power. Although to overcome this burden many schemes have taken into
consideration, through CIDCO Housing Scheme will be very accessible and financially stable.
The housing units will be not far from the main areas of the cities that are the Metro station
and other areas which are essential for a visit to carry on the day to day business.

CIDCO Upcoming Housing Scheme 2020 is constructing homes for all categories in area of
Taloja, Kharghar, Kalamboli, Dronagiri and Ghansoli. Under the Cidco Housing Scheme 2020,
affordable housing units will be constructed under the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY).

• An individual or family whose monthly income is Rs 25,000 can apply in the Cidco
Housing Scheme under the category {EWS}. Under the EWS category, people from
weaker sections are placed.

• Similarly, a person or family whose monthly income is Rs 25,000-50,000 can apply under
Cidco Housing Scheme under the category {LIG}. According to the data released by the
corporation, the details of residential units available under Cidco Lottery 2020 are as
follows –

Category Number of flats Carpet Area (in sq m) Price (in Lakh)

EWS 53,000 25.81 sq m Rs 18 lakh

LIG 41,000 29.82 sq m Rs 25 lakh

5. RAJIV AWAS YOJANA

The Rajiv Awas Yojana was launched in the year 2009. The
main focus of the scheme was to make India slum-free or to
make India a formal space for living. The scheme works its
way through the slums and homeless people and makes a
roof over their heads. The scheme is doing great as over
46000 housing units have developed under it with a budget
of more than 1300 crore rupees. With a housing unit ranging from 20-40 square meter of area,
the scheme also provides an incentive of Rs 75000 to households of economically weak
members.

6. TAMIL NADU HOUSING BOARD SCHEME (TNHB)

The most prestigious state i.e. Tamil Nadu is also not known as an
exception for the problem of housing. That’s why to develop and
protect the housing facilities for the economically backward people in
their state. The Tamil Nadu government has come up with the Tamil Nadu Housing Board
Scheme of 2019.

The Tamil Nadu housing board scheme launched in collaboration with the PMAY scheme.
Under the Tamil Nadu housing scheme, the housing units provids three sub-schemes:-

• KK Nagar Division
• Ambattur
• MKB Nagar

7. NTR URBAN HOUSING SCHEME

Among the other states the housing facilities are also been provided in the state of Andhra
Pradesh. The Andhra Pradesh government has presented the NTR urban housing scheme which
aims to provide about 19 lakh houses. The NTR urban housing scheme has linked under the
PMAY scheme which was proposed by the central government. The housing units will be
constructed at Srikakulam, East Godavari, West Godavari, Krishna, Guntur, Prakasam, Nellore,
Chittoor, Kadapa and Anantapur districts.

Along with the housing unit, the beneficiary will also get an
incentive in the form of a loan of up to 75000 rupees. The
State and Central Government has beard the Cost of
construction of the houses under the scheme . Each house
will cost Rs 3.5 lakh and the centre will offer Rs 1.5 lakh
and the state government will offer Rs 1 lakh. The
beneficiaries will be given a loan worth Rs 75,000 and will
only contribute Rs 25,000.

DETAILS OF PRADHAN MANTRI AWAS YOJANA- URBAN

The Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY) has been
introduced by Prime Minister, Narendra Modi on 1 June 2015.
PMAY Scheme is an initiative provided by the Government of
India which aims at providing affordable housing to the urban
poor. The mission is to provide housing for all by the year
2022, by that time Nation completes 75 years of its
Independence.
Under this scheme, affordable houses will be built in selected cities and towns using eco-
friendly construction methods for the benefit of the urban poor population in India. Also,
under the Credit Linked Subsidy Scheme, beneficiaries under PM Awas Yojana are eligible for
interest subsidy if they avail a loan to purchase or construct a house.
The Mission seeks to address the housing requirement of urban poor including slum dwellers
through following programme verticals:

• Slum rehabilitation of Slum Dwellers with participation of private developers using land
as a resource
• Promotion of Affordable Housing for weaker section through credit linked subsidy
• Affordable Housing in Partnership with Public & Private sectors
• Subsidy for beneficiary-led individual house construction /enhancement.

Beneficiaries under the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana

• A beneficiary family will comprise husband, wife, unmarried sons and/or unmarried
daughters.
• Beneficiary family should not own a pucca house either in his/her name or in the name
of any member of his/her family in any part of India
Identification and Selection of Beneficiaries under PMAY

• The Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (Urban) scheme caters mainly to the housing
requirements of the urban poor. The scheme also caters to the housing requirement of
slum dwellers residing in confined areas of slums with inadequate infrastructure, poor
sanitation and drinking facilities.
• Beneficiaries of PMAY(U) mainly include Middle Income Groups (MIGs), Low-income
Groups (LIGs) and Economically Weaker Section (EWS). While the annual income for
EWS category beneficiaries is capped at Rs.3 lakh, the annual income of LIG and MIG
beneficiaries can range between Rs.3-6 lakh and Rs.6-18 lakh respectively.
• While the beneficiaries from the EWS category is eligible for complete assistance
under the scheme, beneficiaries from LIG and MIG categories are only eligible for the
Credit Linked Subsidy Scheme (CLSS) under PMAY.
• In order to be recognised as a LIG or EWS beneficiary under the Scheme, the applicant is
required to submit an affidavit as income proof to the authority.

PMAY SUBSIDY OFFERS AND BENEFITS

Particulars EWS LIG MIG-1 MIG-2

12 to 18
Annual Household income Up to 3 lakh 3 to 6 lakh 6 to 12 lakh
lakh
Interest rate Subsidy 6.50% p.a. 6.50% p.a. 4.00% p.a. 3.00% p.a.

Home Loan Tenure (Max) 20 years 20 years 20 years 20 years

Maximum Eligible Home Loan

Rs.6 lakh Rs.6 lakh Rs.9 lakh Rs.12 lakh
Amount to Qualify for Subsidy

Maximum Dwelling Unit Carpet Area 30 sq. m 60 sq. m 160 sq. m 200 sq. m

Maximum Interest Subsidy Amount Rs.2.67 lakh Rs.2.67 lakh Rs.2.35 lakh Rs.2.30 lakh

Discount Rate for NPV Calculation of

9.00% 9.00% 9.00% 9.00%
Interest Subsidy

Features of Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana

• Under PMAY Scheme, subsidy interest rate is provided at 6.50% p.a. on housing loan for
the term of 20 years to all the beneficiaries under EWS and LIG category, 4% for MIG-1
category and 3% for MIG-2 category.
• Differently able and senior citizens will be given preference in allocation of ground
floors.
• Sustainable and eco-friendly technologies would be used for construction.

• The scheme covers entire urban areas in the country which includes 4041 statutory
towns with the first priority given to 500 Class I cities. This will be done in 3 phases.

• The credit linked subsidy aspect of the PM Awas Yojana gets implemented in India in all
statutory towns from the initial stages itself.
Objectives of PMAY Scheme

Based on recent estimates, as of September 2016, the population of the urban dwellers in India
increased at an alarming rate and is expected to see a greater rate of growth in the following
years. It is said that by 2050, urban dwelling population will rise to 814 million people. The
calculation predicted is almost twice the number that already resides in urban areas. The major
challenges also include providing people with housing options that are affordable and other
major related concerns such as sanitation along with sustainable development. The Ministry
also has to ensure a sustainable and safe environment for the urban population.
 • The main objective of the PM Awas Yojana Scheme is housing that is affordable for all by
the year 2022.
• It also intends to make it accessible to demographics that are specific such as
economically challenged groups, women along people belonging to minorities such as
Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.
• The Government's other goal is directly in association with some of the most ignored
demographics which include widows, lower income group members, transgender and
henceforth provide them with sustainable and affordable housing scheme.

• Special preferences for ground floor properties will be given to differently abled and
senior citizens if required.
• Registration is mandatory to avail the benefits of this scheme which includes the strict
beneficiary names to be mothers or wives.
This scheme launch is intended to target urban areas of the following options to States or Union
Territories as well as cities as mention earlier.
PHASES OF PRADHAN MANTRI AWAS YOJANA
The PMAY Scheme will be executed in three phases. Refer to the below tables for more details:

Stage Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3

Start date 04/01/15 04/01/17 04/01/19

End date 03/01/17 03/01/19 03/01/22

Cities covered 100 200 Remaining cities

A Technology Sub-Mission (TSM) under the Mission has been set up to facilitate adoption of
modern, innovative and green technologies and building material for faster and quality
construction of houses. Technology Sub-Mission also facilitates preparation and adoption of
layout designs and building plans suitable for various geo-climatic zones. It will also assist
States/Cities in deploying disaster resistant and environment friendly technologies.
Under Accelerator Affordable Sustainable Housing Accelerators- India (ASHA-India) initiative,
incubation and acceleration support will be provided to potential future technologies that are
not yet market ready (pre-prototype applicants) or to the technologies that are market ready
(post prototype applicants) respectively. The ASHA-India Centres will also help in developing
design guidelines, construction manuals and other necessary guidelines, relevant for effective
use of such technologies in the region. ASHA-India Centres will be set up at five host
institutions namely:
(A) Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay
(B) Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur
(C) Indian Institute of Technology, Madras
(D) Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee
(E) CSIR-NEIST, Jorhat

RAJIV AWAS YOJANA

A house is one of the most basic needs in life. However, it’s not
easy to afford one, at least not in India. No surprise why
providing affordable housing to every family in need has
remained in the priorities of many governments. Today we
often hear about PM Modi’s Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana
(PMAY) aimed at eliminating slums from India, but previous
government had also nurtured the same dream of slum-free India in the people of this country
with its own schemes. One such scheme was called Rajiv Awas Yojana (RAY).
AN INTRODUCTION

RAY was one of the good deeds of previous UPA government. It was launched in 2011 with an
aim to provide housing to all by 2022. The objectives of scheme included:
• Infrastructure Improvement: Bringing all the slums within formal system and enabling
them to avail the basic amenities and infrastructure available to the rest of the city.
• Affordable Housing: Addressing the challenges of formal system that lead to creation of
slums. One of those challenges was unavailability of affordable housing, which
government had planned to take on by building a stock of affordable houses. The
scheme had a component named Affordable Housing in Partnership (AHP) under
which government was willing to provide financial support at the rate of Rs. 75,000
per EWS/LIG Dwelling Unit (DU) of 21 x 40 sqm in size. Any organization could obtain
that support by taking liability to build a minimum of 250 such units under its project(s).
According to Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation (MHUPA) 21 such AHP
projects were sanctioned across Gujarat, Karnataka and Rajasthan. A total of 24,441 DUs
had to be built under these projects.
It was a Central Sponsored program that began in 2013 and government had planned to run it
in mission mode until 2022. Site selection was left on to state governments who had to advise
the Central government regarding areas of priority. The program aimed to cover one million
beneficiaries.
Objectives:
1. Improving and provisioning of housing, basic civic infrastructure and social amenities in
intervened slums.

2. Enabling reforms to address some of the causes leading to creation of slums.

3. Facilitating a supportive environment for expanding institutional credit linkages for the urban
poor.

4. Institutionalizing mechanisms for prevention of slums including creation of affordable housing

stock.

5. Strengthening institutional and human resource capacities at the Municipal, City and State levels
through comprehensive capacity building and strengthening of resource networks.

6. Empowering community by ensuring their participation at every stage of decision making

through strengthening and nurturing Slum Dwellers’ Association/Federations.

THE GROUNDWORK
Though previous government had planned to run the scheme until 2022, things took a turn and
it lost power in 2014. The NDA government that came to power decided to discontinue the
program and subsume its liabilities into its own PMAY scheme. So technically RAY lived for
one year only (2013 – 2014). During that period a number of things took place:
• Allocation of Funds: A sum of Rs. 32,230 crores had been allocated to the scheme
during 12th Five Year Plan. From that amount first installment of Rs. 44.19 crores
had also been released for development of AHP projects.

• AHP Houses Built: A total of 4,968 DUs were built under AHP projects by utilizing the
first installment of 44 crores. According to MHUPA website 2,432 of those DUs have also
been occupied by people

• CONCLUSION
The actual picture of this UPA scheme that was started in 2013 looks like this:

Funds allocated Rs. 32,330 crore (for five years)

Total Houses Built 20,954

Houses to be Built under AHP 24,441

Houses Actually Built under AHP 4,968 (23.7% of total)

Houses Occupied 2,432 (11.6% of total)

As you can see, the one year picture of scheme doesn’t look too good. It doesn’t look to bad
either, when you realize the fact that this was done during the short duration of one year

DDA HOUSING SCHEME 2020- DDA AWASIYA YOJANA 2020

Under the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana certain small schemes were launched in order to
create a web through which each and every household shall get benefited. One such small yet
powerful scheme was the Delhi Development Authority Housing scheme.
DDA has made a detailed plan for housing schemes to be launched in the next 5 years. DDA has
planned to construct one lakh flats by 2022 and DDA is already claiming to have constructed a
part of them. As per information provided by DDA, DDA is already constructing 67000 flats at
various locations in Delhi, out of which,20000 flats will be ready to move in by in 2019.

• DDA (Delhi Development Authority) is planning to launch new housing scheme of 5000
flats with multilevel parking, solar heating, rainwater harvesting and other facilities by
May 2020.

• The newly built DDA flats can withstand an earthquake of 8.5 on Richter scale.

• The flats are likely to be offered at Narela, Dwarka, Rohini, Vasant Kunj and Jasola by
DDA in its latest housing scheme to be launched in May 2020.

• The DDA Housing Scheme 2020

will have flats for all income
groups — LIG, MIG, HIG and EWS.
Prices of the flats to be offered
under DDA Housing Scheme 2020
have not been fixed yet.

• DDA is going to come up with

luxury flats in its new housing
scheme 2020 for the first time.
Around 1114 luxury flats are
going to come up at Sector 19 B
Dwarka by DDA. This will include
14 penthouses, 168 super HIG
and 932 HIG Flats. This will be
 built in 11 residential tower 7 towers of 2
penthouses each.
DDA HOUSING SCHEME 2019

The Delhi Development Authority (DDA) launched its

housing scheme 2019 in multiple phases.

• In the first phase, surrendered units will be put on

offer and will be allotted on first come first serve
basis. Under the new scheme, the housing
authority will offer fresh units depending on the
response. The allottees of the DDA Housing
Scheme 2019 will also be able to avail of interest
subsidy of up to Rs 2.67 lakh under the Credit-
Linked Subsidy Scheme of the Pradhan Mantri
Awas Yojana.

• After the successful launch of the first phase of its housing scheme 2019, the Delhi
Development Authority (DDA) had launched the second phase on March 25. The
authority has auctioned around 18,000 new flats located in Narela and Vasant Kunj.
DDA scheme that offers 18,000 new flats in Vasant Kunj and Narela, was launched through
online application process.

DDA (Delhi Development Authority) launched 450 HIG category flat (3/2 bedroom), 1,550 MIG
category flats (2-bedroom), 8330 LIG category flats (1-bedroom) and 7,700 flats under the
economically weaker section (EWS) category. The HIG and MIG apartments will be sold in
Vasant Kunj; LIG flats in Vasant Kunj and Narela; and EWS in Narela.

LIG Rs 25 lakh 430 sq ft

MIG Rs 70-80 lakh 650-750 sq ft

HIG Rs 1.5-2 crore 970 sq ft

Here are five things to know about DDA housing scheme

• As per the DDA website, the application for allotment of these flats was done through the online
mode only through the portal and unlike previous years no other application means was
accepted by the authority.

• The highest price, for a 3-BHK flat in Vasant Kunj, goes up to ₹7 crore while the cheapest one,
a 29.77 sq meter EWS unit in Narela, costs about₹10.4 lakh.
• Application money of Rs 25,000 for EWS flats, ₹100,000 for LIG flats and Rs 200,000 for
MIG/HIG flats. The allotment of flats done through a lottery system after the closure of the
application deadline and the application money will be refunded later on to unsuccessful
applicants.

• Under the DDA Housing Scheme 2019, there are no income criteria for applying for a flat in
the LIG, MIG and HIG categories but in the EWS category, the applicant cannot be earning
more than ₹3 lakh a year.

• A fixed percentage of flats have been reserved for war widows, disabled persons, ex-servicemen
as well as for SC/ST applicants.
 ANALYSIS

Most of the schemes initiated by Government aim towards economically weaker sections of
the society or LIG (lower income group) population. The main aim of these welfare schemes
was to eradicate slums, provide shelter to homeless and people living in rental houses.
• Beneficiaries of PMAY(U) mainly include Middle Income Groups (MIGs), Low-income
Groups (LIGs) and Economically Weaker Section (EWS). While the annual income for
EWS category beneficiaries is capped at Rs.3 lakh, the annual income of LIG and MIG
beneficiaries can range between Rs.3-6 lakh and Rs.6-18 lakh respectively.
Beneficiaries of DDA housing schemes include HIG (higher income group), MIG (
middle income group) , LIG (lower income group) as well as EWS category. Delhi
Development Authority) launched 450 HIG category flat (3/2 bedroom), 1,550 MIG
category flats (2-bedroom), 8330 LIG category flats (1-bedroom) and 7,700 flats under
the economically weaker section (EWS) category in housing scheme 2019 & 2020.
Around 1100 flats in 2020 scheme to come up with penthouses and HIG and super HIG
flats. Under the DDA Housing Scheme 2019, there are no income criteria for applying
for a flat in the LIG, MIG and HIG categories but in the EWS category, the applicant
cannot be earning more than ₹3 lakh a year.

• While the beneficiaries under PMAY from the EWS category is eligible for complete
assistance under the scheme, beneficiaries from LIG and MIG categories are only
eligible for the Credit Linked Subsidy Scheme (CLSS) under PMAY. Under PMAY
Scheme, subsidy interest rate is provided at 6.50% p.a. on housing loan for the term of
20 years to all the beneficiaries under EWS and LIG category, 4% for MIG-1 category and
3% for MIG-2 category. The allottees of the DDA Housing Scheme 2019 will also be able
to avail of interest subsidy of up to Rs 2.67 lakh under the Credit-Linked Subsidy Scheme
of the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana.
• PMAY was launched in 3 phases whereas DDA housing schemes in 2 phases.
• The carpet areas under DDA housing schemes are much larger as compared to
proposed areas in PMAY.