Chapter 4 : Laws of Motion

So far, Summary

𝐹=0

𝑭𝒈 = 𝒎 𝒈

19 April 2020 Dr. Abdel-Razzak Alhinnawi 1

 Chapter 4 : Laws of Motion

Problem – Solving Hints – Applying Newton’s Laws

1. Conceptualize 2. Categorize
o Draw a diagram o Is the model a particle in equilibrium?
o Choose a convenient • If so, 𝐹 = 0
coordinate system for o Is the model a particle under a net force?
each object o If so, 𝐹 = 𝑚 𝑎

3. Analyze 4. Finalize
o Draw free-body diagrams for each object o Check your results for
o Include only forces acting on the object consistency with your
o Find components along the coordinate axes free-body diagram
o Be sure units are consistent o Check extreme values
o Apply the appropriate equation(s) in
component form
o Solve for the unknown(s)

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 Chapter 4 : Laws of Motion
Example 5.4 , a Traffic Light at Rest

1. Conceptualize the traffic light

o Assume cables don’t break
o Nothing is moving Categorize as an
equilibrium problem
o No movement, so acceleration is zero
o Model as a particle in equilibrium
2. Categorize
o the model is a particle in equilibrium?
so, 𝐹 = 0
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 Chapter 4 : Laws of Motion

3. Analyze
o Construct a diagram for the forces
acting on the light
o Construct a free body diagram for the
knot where the three cables are joined
• The knot is a convenient point to
choose since all the forces of
interest act along lines passing
through the knot.
o Apply equilibrium equations to the knot
o Find T3 from applying equilibrium in the
y-direction to the light
o Find T1 and T2 from applying equilibrium
in the x- and y-directions to the knot

4. Finalize
o Think about different situations and see if the results are reasonable.

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 Chapter 4 : Laws of Motion

𝐅𝐲 = 𝑻𝟑 − 𝐅𝐠 = 𝐨 → 𝑻𝟑 = 𝐅𝐠 = 122 N

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 Chapter 4 : Laws of Motion

Example 5.5 , Forces between Cars in a Train

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 Chapter 4 : Laws of Motion

Inclined Planes
 Categorize as a particle under a
net force since it accelerates.
 Forces acting on the object:
o The gravitational force acts
straight down.
o The normal force acts
perpendicular to the plane.

 Choose the coordinate system with x along the incline and y perpendicular to the
incline.
 Replace the force of gravity with its components.
 Apply the model of a particle under a net force to the x-direction and a particle in
equilibrium to the y-direction.

𝑭𝒚 = 0 𝑭𝒙 = 𝒎𝒂𝒙

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 Chapter 4 : Laws of Motion

Example 5.6 , The Runway Car

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 Chapter 4 : Laws of Motion

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 Chapter 4 : Laws of Motion

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 Chapter 4 : Laws of Motion
Example 5.7 , One block Bushes another

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 Chapter 4 : Laws of Motion

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 Chapter 4 : Laws of Motion

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