n –Bit Parallel Adder

A single full –adder is capable of adding two

one-bit numbers and an input carry . In order to
add binary numbers with more than one bit,
additional full adder must be employed. A n-bit
parallel adder can be constructed using number
of full adder circuits connected in parallel
 Parallel Adder

B3 A3 B2 A2 B1 A1 BO AO

C out C in
F. A F. A F. A F. A

S3 S2 S1 S0
 n-bit parallel subtractor
The subtractor of binary numbers can be done most
conveniently be means of complements.
The subtractor A-B can be done by taking the 2’s
complement of B and adding it to A .the
2’complement can be obtained by taking the
1’coplement and adding one to the least significant
pair of bits .
 Parallel Subtractor

B3 B2 B1 BO
A3 A2 A1 AO

C out C in = VCC
F. A F. A F. A F. A

S3 S2 S1 S0
 Binary Adder-Subtractor

The addition and subtractor operations can be

combined into one circuit with one common
binary adder. This is done by including an
exclusive –OR gate with each full adder, as
shown in fig. below
 Adder Subtractor

B3 B2 B1 BO

A3 A2 A1 AO
VCC
C out
F. A F. A F. A F. A
C in

GND
S3 S2 S1 S0
 Binary Adder-Subtractor

The mode input M controls the operation of the

circuit. When M= 0 (GND) the circuit is an adder

,and when M=1 the circuit becomes a

subtractor.
 74 83

B3 B2 B1 BO A3 A2 A1 AO

C out C in
4-Bit Parallel Adder

S3 S2 S1 SO
inputs

outputs