VRTC – LET Online Review Program 2020

Republic of the Philippines

PROFESSIONAL REGULATIONS COMMISSION
Manila

PROFESSIONAL TEACHERS – Elementary / Secondary

PROFESSIONAL TEACHERS LICENSURE EXAMINATION 11:00 a.m. – 02:00 pm

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PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION SET A

INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer for each of the following

questions. Mark only one answer for each item by shading the box
corresponding to the letter of your choice on the answer sheet provided.
STRICTLY NO ERASURES ALLOWED.

MULTIPLE CHOICE:

1. Which group of technologies has the highest degree of concreteness?

A. Realia and computer
B. Video, picture and television
C. Digital video, film, versatile compact disc
D. Book, imaginative literature, programmed instruction

2. Ms. Gomez is planning to integrate technology in her Mathematics class. Which

of the following would be the logical steps in doing this?
I. Set the objectives
II. Analyze the learners
III. Utilize the materials with showmanship
IV. Evaluate the performance of the students

A. I, II, III, IV
B. II, I, III, IV
C. I, II, IV, III
D. II, I, IV, III

3. Which characteristic of a good curriculum highlights the psychological nature

of the learner?
A. Provisions are made for the smooth transition and continuing achievement of
pupils.
B. Curriculum plans in areas which extend over several years are developed
vertically.
C. Classroom practices give attention to the maturity and learning problems of
each pupil.
D. Cooperative planning and teaching provide for exchange of information about
pupil's learning experiences.

4. Mrs. TastyBread placed text together with the relevant graphics on the same
page in her multimedia presentation. Which principle did she apply?
A. Split attention
B. Spatial contiguity
C. Cost effectiveness
D. Communication effectiveness

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5. Which is inappropriate in using printed visuals such as charts, graphs and

drawings?
A. Provide written or verbal cues to highlight important aspect of visuals
B. Present the instructional materials simultaneously
C. Use materials that everyone can see
D. Make the presentation suspenseful

6. Ms. SliceBread always makes sure that text, animation and color do not confuse
students in her presentation materials. Which principle is applied?
A. Simplicity
B. Variety
C. Responsiveness
D. Cost effectiveness

7. Ms. Ironman employs student-centered instruction as the learners create their

digital portfolios in her computer class. What could be developed among them
through this approach?
A. Repetition and active learning
B. Mastery of skills and information delivery
C. Information processing and passive learning
D. Construction of knowledge and information exchange

8. Which of the following computer-based instructional materials can be used to

learn new concepts?
A. Games
B. Tutorial
C. Simulation
D. Drill and practice

9. Professor Ricky would like to create a presentation material for her lesson on
the types of computer-assisted instruction. To make her presentation effective,
which?
A. Situating tool
B. Informative tool
C. Productivity tool
D. Communicative tool

10. With the increasing use of educational technology inside the classroom, what
roles are expected of the teacher?
A. facilitator
B. demonstrator
C. knowledge giver
D. source of information

11. All but one is a basic consideration in selecting and evaluating the content
of an educational technology tool:
A. Does it match the content?
B. Can it be easily dismantled?
C. Will it motivate and maintain interest?
D. Is there evidence of its effectiveness?

12. Which is the best thing that the teacher will do if she found out the
materials at hand do not match her objectives?
A. Modify the available materials
B. Teach the lesson the following day.

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C. Change the objectives to match with available materials.

D. Carry out the lesson as planned and use the materials at hand

13. It is impractical to bring real objects to the classroom so the student

constructed a three-dimensional visual instead. Which of the following did he
construct?
A. Chart
B. Cartoon
C. Model
D. Graphic organizer

14. There are several reasons why teachers are reluctant in using electronic
media in the teaching-learning process. Which is the most common reason?
A. The limited exposure of teachers to new equipment
B. Their incompatibility to diverse needs of the learners‘
C. The difficulty in integrating technology in the curriculum
D. The excessive availability of local technology in the community

15. Which is the best way to present instructional materials?

A. Concrete semi-concrete  abstract semi-abstract
B. semi-concrete concrete abstract semi-abstract
C. abstract semi-abstract semi-concrete concrete
D. concrete semi-concrete semiabstract  abstract

16. The teacher uses projected visuals such as Digital Liquid Projector (DLP) in
presenting her lesson. What could be her main reason for using it?
A. The projected materials are readily available.
B. They are more abstract than any other visuals.
C. Most projected visuals can be obtained at no cost.
D. She can easily prepare for own transparencies in advance.

17. The teacher used a film clip in teaching Social Studies concepts to her First
Year High School class. However, she found out that it was ineffectively used in
the classroom. When technology is considered INEFFECTIVE?
A. When it promotes mastery of the lesson
B. When it makes viewing more interesting
C. When it helps attain the objectives of the lesson
D. When it induces alienation on the part of the learners

18. In the elementary level, English literature and Social studies relate well.
While history is being studied, different literary pieces during the historical
period is being studied as well. What curriculum design is shown here?
A. Separate subject design
B. Correlation design
C. Discipline design
D. Broad field design

19. This phase of curriculum development involves decisions, among other things,
on grade placement and sequencing of content. Which phase is this?
A. Curriculum planning
B. Curriculum evaluation
C. Curriculum organization
D. Curriculum implementation

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20. One example of this design of subject-centered curriculum is that which shows
social studies being combined with geography, civics, culture and history to
comprise subject area. Which design is this?
A. Correlated
B. Broadfield
C. Separate Subject
D. Core

21. Which is the best reason why teachers state the objectives before using
instructional media?
A. To secure materials
B. To prepare the materials beforehand.
C. To determine which media to use best.
D. To be able to practice how to operate the equipment

22. Which of the following should the teacher primarily consider in determining
the teaching-learning objectives and use of instructional media?
A. The assessment tool to be used
B. The learning activities
C. The learner
D. The teacher

23. Ricky constructed a three dimensional material to simulate the circulation of

blood. Which of the following did he construct?
A. solid model
B. cutaway model
C. mock-up model
D. cross-sectional model

24. Who among the teachers described below is doing assessment?

A. Mrs. Bautista who is administering a test to her students.
B. Mr. Ferrer who is counting the scores obtained by the students in his test.
C. Ms. Leyva who is computing the final grade of the students after completing
all their requirements.
D. Prof. Cuevas who is planning for a remedial instruction after knowing that
students perform poorly in her test

25. You asked your students to illustrate what they have understood from what
they have read. Which of the following non-projected visuals are you referring
to?
A. printed visuals
B. graphics
C. models
D. realias

26. If I have to use the most authentic method of assessment, which of these
procedures should I consider?
A. Traditional Test
B. Performance-based Assessment
C. Written Test
D. Objective Assessment

27. Which statement denotes the difference between measurements from evaluation?
A. Measurement is assigning a numerical value to a given trait while evaluation
is giving meaning to the numerical value of the trait.

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B. Measurement is the process of gathering while evaluation is the process of

quantifying the data gathered.
C. Measurement is the process of quantifying data while evaluation is the
process of organizing data.
D. Measurement is a pre-requisite of assessment while evaluation is the
prerequisite of testing.

28. At the beginning of the school year, the 6-year old pupils were tested to
find out who among them can already read. The result was used to determine their
sections. What kind of test was given to them?
A. Diagnostic
B. Formative
C. Placement
D. Summative

29. The teacher developed an Achievement Test in Math for her grade three pupils.
Before she finalized the test she examined carefully if the test items were
constructed based on the competencies that have to be tested. What test of
validity was she trying to establish?
A. Content-validity
B. Concurrent validity
C. Predictive validity
D. Construct validity

30. The teacher wants to establish the reliability of her achievement test in
English. Which of the following activities will help achieve her purpose?
A. Administer two parallel tests to different groups of students.
B. Administer two equivalent tests to the same group of students‘
C. Administer a single test but two different groups of students
D. Administer two different tests but to the same group of students.

31. If the teacher will have to make a scoring rubric for the student's output,
what format is better to construct considering that the teacher has limited time
to evaluate their work?
a. Analytic Rubric
b. Holistic Rubric
c. either A or B
d. Neither A nor B

32. Which statement makes technology ineffective in student learning?

a. It develops higher thinking skills.
b. It prepares students for the workforce.
c. It enhances students‘ collaborative skills.
d. It decreases achievement in content learning.

33. What should be done first when planning for a performance-based assessment?
a. Determine the "table of specifications" of the tasks
b. set the competency to be assessed.
c. Set the criteria in scoring the task.
d. Prepare a scoring rubric

34. To maximize the amount of time spent for performance-based assessment, which
one should be done?
a. Plan a task that can be used for instruction and assessment at the same time.
b. Assess one objective for one performance task.

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c. Set objectives only for cognitive domains.

d. Limit the task to one meeting only.
35. Which is wrong to assume about traditional assessment?
a. It can assess individuals objectively.
b. It can assess individuals at the same time.
c. It is easier to administer than performance test.
d. It can assess fairly all the domains of intelligence of an individual

36. Which statement about performance-based assessment is incorrect?

a. It emphasizes merely process.
b. It also stresses doing, not only knowing.
c. It accentuates on process as well as product.
d. Essay tests are an example of performance-based assessments.

37. Portfolio assessment is based on which assumption?

a. Portfolio assessment is a dynamic assessment.
b. Assessment should stress the reproduction of knowledge.
c. An individual learner is adequately characterized by a test score.
d. An individual learner is inadequately characterized by a test score.

38. Which is a good portfolio evidence of a student's acquired knowledge and

writing skills?
a. Project
b. Test Results
c. Reflective Journal
d. Critiqued Outputs

39. What is the first action when planning portfolio assessment?

a. Set the targets for portfolio assessment.
b. Exhibit one's work and be proud of one's collection
c. Select evidences that could be captured in one's portfolio
d. Reflect on one's collection and identify strengths and weaknesses

40. Which is not true of an analytic rubric?

a. It is time consuming
b. It is easier to construct than the holistic rubric
c. It gives one's level of performance per criterion
d. It allows one to pinpoint the strengths and weaknesses of one's work.

41. Which kind of rubric is best to use in rating students' projects done for
several days?
a. Analytic
b. Holistic
c. either holistic or analytic
d. Both holistic and analytic

42. All but one are true statements in positively skewed distribution:
a. Median is higher than the mode.
b. Mean is higher than the Media.
c. Mean is lower than the Mode.
d. Mean is not lower than the Mode.

43. Which of the following questions indicate a norm - referred interpretation?

A. How does the pupils test performance in our school compare with that of
other schools?

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B. How does a pupil's test performance in reading and mathematics compare?

C. What type of remedial work will be most helpful for a slow- learning pupil?
D. Which pupils have achieved master of computational skills?

44. What is the performance of a student in the National Achievement Test (NAT)
if he obtained/got a standing score of 5?
a. Between average and above average
b. Between average and below average
c. Below average
d. Average

45. In a normal distribution, which of the following is true?

a. median=mode=mean
b. median≠mode=mean
c. median≠mode≠mean
d. Mean=median=mode

46. In a negatively skewed distribution, which of the following statements is

true?
a. Mode is lower than the mean.
b. Mean is lower than the mode.
c. Median is higher than the mode.
d. Mode is lower than the median.

47. In a negatively skewed distribution, the following statements are true

EXCEPT?
a. Mean is not higher than the median
b. Median is lower than the mode.
c. Mean is lower than the mode.
d. Mode is less than the median.

48. The result of the test given by teacher A showed a negatively skewed
distribution. What kind of test did Teacher Mina give?
a. The test is difficult
b. It is not too easy nor too difficult
c. It is moderately difficult
d. It is easy

49. When the distribution is skewed to the right, what kind of test was
administered?
a. Difficult
b. Easy
c. Average/moderately difficult
d. Partly easy- partly difficul

50. Which statements represent criterion-referenced interpretation?

A. Lucresia did better in solving the linear equation than 80% of
representative Algebra students.
B. Lucresia's score indicates that she is able to solve about two thirds of all
one-variable linear equations of such complexity.
C. Students who have reached Lucresia's level on linear equations usually
succeed in the subsequent unit on simultaneous equations with special help
or extra time; i.e., Lucresia is ready to move ahead.
D. All of the above

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51. Bernard obtained a 97 percentile rank in an aptitude test. This means:

A. He answered 97% of the items correctly.
B. He belongs to the 97% of the group who took the test.
C. 79% of the examinees did better than her on the test.
D. He surpassed 97% of those who took the test.

52. Miss Cortes administered a test to her class and the result is positively
skewed. What kind of test do you think Miss Cortes gave to her pupils?
a. Posttest
b. Pretest
c. Mastery test
d. Criterion-referenced test

53. In his second item analysis, Mr. Gonzales found out that more from the lower
group got the test item 15 correctly. What does this mean?
a. The item has become more valid
b. The item has become more reliable
c. The item has a positive discriminating power
d. The item has a negative discriminating power

54. Research says that mastery experiences increase confidence and willingness to
try similar or more challenging tasks as reading. What does this imply for
children‘s reading performance?
A. Children who have not mastered the basic skills are more likely to be
motivated to read in order to gain mastery over basic skills
B. Children who have mastered basic skills are more likely to be less motivated
to read because they get fed up with too much reading
C. Children who have gained mastery over basic skills are more motivated to
read
D. Children who have a high sense of self-confidence are not necessarily those
who can read

55. Bruner‘s theory on intellectual development moves from enactive to iconic and
symbolic stages. Applying Bruner‘s theory. How would you teach?
a. Be interactive in approach
b. Begin with the abstract
c. Begin with the concrete
d. Do direct instruction

56. Which of the following steps should be completed first in planning an

achievement test?
a. Define the instructional objective
b. Set up a table of specialization
c. Select the types of test items to use
d. Decide on the length of the test

57. If this need is not met, the adolescent tends to be critical and always tries
to find fault. This is the need:
a. For adventure
b. For recognition
c. To belong
d. For material security

58. Which of these systems of learning includes ways and methods which are used
in preserving and building certain within cultural communities?

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a. Non-formal learning
b. Multi-level learning
c. Cultural learning
d. Indigenous learning

59. Which of these criteria is the most important in test constructions?

a. The stem should contain the central problem
b. Items should be congruent with the objectives
c. A table of specification should be prepared
d. Options should be of almost the same length

60. An appreciation lesson is one that is designed to lead the class to conduct
and enjoy something. Which of the following statements closely approximate the
meaning of the above?
a. An appreciation lesson should be a lesson in values
b. Appreciation lessons help pupils weigh and clarify values
c. One cannot fully appreciate what one does not understand or enjoy
d. A teacher should plan lessons that will guide children to appreciate what is
beautiful

61. In large classes where little of the work pupils can be individualized, the
most effective and practical ways to individualize instruction is to:
A. Devise group activities which afford every pupils an opportunity to work at
his own
B. Give the pupils freedom to launch individual projects
C. Assign homework and check it regularly
D. Assigned program material for out-of-class hours

62. Tasks analysis involves the breaking down of a learning task into subtasks or
sub skills. Given a task to retell a story, which of the following skills is not
needed?
a. To disseminate information
b. To outline a selection
c. To identify topic sentences
d. To arranged events in sequence

63. The new teacher entered a noisy classroom. She shouted immediately at the
students desperately trying to get order and discipline. Since then the teacher
has not controlled the class. Which is the most probable cause of the teacher‘s
failure?
A. The students reaction to the teacher is the consequence of her behavior
B. Rules are not defined and procedures to sustain order is not put into place
C. The new teacher wants to show the class who is authority
D. The class wants to test the ability and patience of the teacher

64. The educational implementation of research findings relative to the ability

of dull learners and bright learners to organize and generalize is for teacher:
A. To make the bright learners guide the dull ones in learning to generalize
B. To make the bright learners to generalize and the dull ones to memorize
C. To give the dull learners to more concrete experiences to serve as basis for
D. generalizing
E. To give both the dull and bright learners concrete and abstract experiences
to serve as basis for generalizing

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65. A student was diagnosed to have a high IQ but is failing in his academic
subject. What should the teacher do to help him?
a. Talk to his parents
b. Examine his study habits
c. Talk the student and find out his problem
d. Refer him to the guidance counsellor

66. Which of the following should a teacher do if she cannot pay the monthly
installment of an appliance she got from a department store in their town?
A. Reject any notice of demand for payment to make the impression that she did
not receive
B. Move to another neighborhood to escape payment
C. Inform the manager of the store personally and make a satisfactory
arrangement of payment on or before the due date of payment
D. Offer the return of the used appliance to the store on the condition that
she will be refunded on the monthly installment she paid

67. The government prescribes a higher percentage on the administration of

educational institution to Filipino citizens in order to:
a. Minimize the unemployment problem
b. Produce globally competitive graduates
c. Protect the rights of the citizen
d. Ensure the teaching of Filipino

68. You have a pupil who is so talkative, naughty and aggressive that he is a
burden to the entire members of the class. How would you remedy this problem?
a. Talk to him seriously
b. Call the parents for dialogue
c. Report the case to the principal
d. Reprimand him always

69. What should a teacher do before constructing items for a particular test?
a. Prepare a table specifications
b. Review the previous lessons
c. Determine the length of time for answering it
d. Announce to students the scope of the test

70. An adolescent combines his ability to use deductive and inductive reasoning
in realistic rules that he can respect and live by. When he does this, how does
he perceive his environment?
a. He sees the world through the eyes of the people
b. He interprets events from a limited point of view
c. He sees events apart for himself and other people
d. He views the world from his own perspective

71. Which of the following statement is the main reason why should negative words
be avoided in constructing multiple choices tests?
a. Might be overlooked
b. Stems tends to be longer
c. More difficult to construct option
d. Increase the difficulty of the test item

72. The teachers are facilitators of learning. Which of the following negates
this principle?
a. Performs not only classrooms roles but community involvement as well

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b. Focus background of the students

c. Familiar with the latest innovations in teaching
d. Uses pro-active discipline method

73. The nearest to the real thing according to Edgar Dale‘s Cone of Experience
is:
a. Watching demo
b. Viewing images
c. Attending Exhibit
d. Hearing and listening

74. Teacher Vincent is a new teacher. He realizes that handling his student‘s
misbehavior is a very demanding aspect of classroom management. In this regard he
thought of giving up teaching. What advice can you give him?
A. Report every student‘s misbehavior to the principal
B. Agree with the class on what rules to follow
C. Set the ground rules for the whole class
D. None of the above

75. The following are examples of learner-centered design except:

A. Child centered design
B. Life situation design
C. Humanistic centered design
D. Experience centered design

76. A type of error committed in grading the performance of the students by the
rater who avoids both extremes of the scale and tends to rate everyone as revenge
A. Severity error
B. Central tendency error
C. Generosity error
D. Logical error

77. Clearance has inherent skills in taking care of plants. It is highly possible
that she has intelligence.
A. Intrapersonal intelligence
B. Naturalistic intelligence
C. Spatial intelligence
D. Existential intelligence

78. Which is the first step in planning periodic test?

A. Select the type of test to be used
B. Construct a table specification
C. Go back to the instructional objectives
D. Determine the group of whom the test is intended

79. To increase the difficulty of a multiple choice test item, which of the
following should be done?
A. Make the options equal in length
B. Make the options homogeneous
C. Make it grammatically correct
D. Make the stem

80. Which of the following is the main purpose of administering a pretest and
posttest to the students?
A. Measure the value of the materials used

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B. Accustom the students in frequent testing

C. Measure gain in learning
D. Measure the effectiveness of instruction

81. To reach out to clientele who cannot be in the classroom for one reason or
another, which of the following was established?
A. Special education (SPED)
B. Informal education
C. Alternative learning delivery system
D. Pre-school education

82. If the teacher is emphasizing the development of the learner's competency to

transform knowledge into innovations and job-creation, what pillar of education
does s/he is actually promoting?
a. Learning to Know
b. Learning to Do
c. Learning to Live Together
d. Learning to Be

83. What pillar of education which emphasizes learning to be human, through

acquisition of knowledge, skills and values conducive to personality development?
a. Learning to Know
b. Learning to Do
c. Learning to Live Together
d. Learning to Be

84. This concept includes the sub-processes of curriculum planning, organization,

implementation and evaluation. Which concept is this?
a. Curriculum development
b. Curriculum assessment
c. Curriculum management
d. Curriculum and instruction

85. If curriculum is the "means", what is the "end"?

a. Strategies
b. Instruction
c. Technique
d. Approaches

86. What refers to the appropriateness of the content in the light of the
particular students who are to experience the curriculum?
a. Significance
b. Validity
c. Interest
d. Learnability

87. Mrs. Olivarez presented real samples of rocks in her General Science class.
What principle did she apply?
a. Appropriateness
b. Authenticity
c. Responsiveness
d. Simplicity

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88. In your computer subject, you allow your class to chat as part of your
motivation before discussing to them the roles of computer as a tool. How is chat
used in this context?
a. Information tool
b. Application tool
c. Communicative tool
d. Situating tool

89. What type of validity does the Pre-board examination possess if its results
can explain how the students will likely perform in their licensure examination?
a. Concurrent
b. Predictive
c. Construct
d. Content

90. Mrs. Carbon allowed the students to develop their own portfolio in their own
style as long as they show all the non-negotiable evidences of learning. What
principle in portfolio assessment explains this practice?
a. Content Principle
b. Learning Principle
c. Equity Principle
d. Product Principle

91. Based on Freud's theory, which operates when a student a classmate at the
height of anger?
A. ego alone
B. superego alone
C. Id alone
D. Id and ego interaction

92. Which is not a domain of NCBTS?

A. Learning Environment
B. Alternative Learning
C. Diversity of Learners
D. Social Regard for Learning

93. Which is an offshoot of the fourth pillar of learning, "learning to live

together"?
A. Schools teach respect for diversity.
B. Schools show concern to what happens to children after they leave school.
C. Schools celebrate United Nations Week.
D. Schools teach care for the environment.

94. Which of the following qualities should be developed by the pillar, Learning
to Live Together?
a. Strong appreciation of the diversity of the human race
b. Readiness to take risks and resolve or manage conflicts
c. Scientific spirit and an inquiring mind
d. Complete fulfillment of humans, in all the richness of his/her personality

95. Marlin, who is low-achieving, shy, and withdrawn, is rejected by most of her
peers. Her teacher wants to help Joy increase her self-esteem and social
acceptance. What can Marlyn‘s teacher suggest to her parents?
A. Transfer her to a different school
B. Help their daughter improve her motor skills

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C. Help their daughter learn to accept more responsibility for her academic
failures
D. Help their daughter improve her skills relating to peers

96. Which of the following principles of learning applies to considering

student's age in presenting
certain content and cognitive processes?
a. Principle of readiness
b. Principle of learning by doing
c. Principle of presenting challenging tasks
d. Principle of learning aided by formulating and asking questions

97. What mistake is teacher Benny trying to avoid when he never drops a topic
before it is completed?
a. Non-directional topic
b. Dangling topic
c. Bounded topic
d. Non-assessed topic

98. With closeness to direct experience as standard, which one should a teacher
choose?
a. Dramatized experience
b. Demonstration
c. Contrived experiences
d. Study trip

99. In cognitive learning, what are firmly established and thoroughly tested
principles or theories?
a. Concept
b. Hypothesis
c. Facts
d. Laws

100. Marga, a six year old, always asked her playmates to sit in front of her
small black board and she plays teacher. Her mother is a teacher. What theory
explains Marga's behavior?
a. Classical Conditioning
b. Operant Conditioning
c. Social Learning
d. Information Processing

*** END ***

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