Jonathan Perr

AFRAM 101 AA

ID Terms for AFRAM 101 Final

1. Kool Herc

a. Kool Herc is black man from the Bronx who helped found hip-hop and DJing

through his parties beginning in 1973.

b. Kool Herc is relevant to this class in that he founded the black and Latinx cultural

movement of hip-hop.

2. New Jim Crow

a. The New Jim Crow comprises the current persecution of black people through

institutionalized racism that prompts mass incarceration and permanent social

marginalization of blacks.

b. The New Jim Crow applies to AFRAM 101 because it describes the

contemporary social climate that oppresses black Americans.

3. Mass Incarceration

a. Mass incarceration describes the extremely high rates of incarceration within the

United States that largely affects minorities through biased legislation.

b. Mass Incarceration relates to this class because these high rates of imprisonment

have led to one in three blacks being incarcerated within their lifetimes, resulting

in greater stratification between minorities and the ruling class.

4. ALEC

a. ALEC is the American Legislative Exchange Council and it provides a forum for

politicians and titans of industry to propose legislation.

 b. ALEC relates to AFRAM 101 because the policies formed by this council

represent egregious conflicts of influence that exploit and oppress black people

for capital and political gain.

5. 1994 Crime Bill

a. This was a bill signed into law by Bill Clinton that created stricter polticies

towards incarceration that led to a massive increase in prison populations.

b. This bill applies to this class because it is largely responsible for the oppression of

black people through mass incarceration and use of plea bargains.

6. Kalief Browder

a. Kaleif Browder was a black man convicted of a petty crime he did not commit,

spent three years in Rikers Island, was severely beaten, and eventually committed

suicide.

b. The story of Browder relates to this class because the harsher persecution he

received for requesting a fair trial is indicative of the mechanisms with which the

New Jim Crow oppresses black people.

7. Michelle Alexander

a. She is the author of “The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of

Colorblindness,” which describes the current state of oppression by mass

incarceration and the ignorance of the colorblind.

b. Michelle Alexander directly relates to this course in that she has set forth many

mechanisms and dynamics through which the government and society currently

marginalize black people in contemporary America.

8. Black Power
 a. Black Power is a political slogan for a movement supporting the independence

and self-determination of African-Americans.

b. This term applies to this class because the Black Panther Party was built upon the

ideology of this slogan and greatly influenced the resistance movement of black

people in the 1970s and 1980.

9. Hip-hop

a. Hip-hop is an urban youth-oriented culture based on rhythim, rhyme, and color

that originated in black and latinx communities of New York City in the 1970s.

b. Hip-hope relates to this class because it represents a form of resistance for many

minorities, particularly Black and Latinx groups.

10. Stokely Carmichael

a. Carmichael was figure of the Civil Rights Movement who coined the term “Black

Power.”

b. Carmichael relates to this class because he helped initiate the Black Power

movement and his ideologies greatly contributed to the formation of the Black

Panther Party.