Exercise 2.

1
 According to the chart complete the sentences. Change the verbs
in italics from active to passive. (Do not use punctuation) 

  Active Passive
(a) simple present Mary helps the boy. The boy is helped by Mary.
(b) present progressive Mary is helping the boy. The boy is being helped by Mary.
(c) present perfect* Mary has helped the boy. The boy has been helped by Mary.
(d) simple past Mary helped the boy. The boy was helped by Mary.
(e) past progressive Mary was helping the boy. The boy was being helped by Mary.
(f) past perfect* Mary had helped the boy. The boy had been helped by Mary.
(g) simple future Mary will help the boy. The boy will be helped by Mary.
(h) be going to Mary is going to help the boy. The boy is going to be helped by Mary.
(i) future perfect* Mary will have helped the boy. The boy will have been helped by Mary.

(j) Was the boy helped by Mary? In the question form of passive verbs, an
(k) Has the boy been helped by Mary? auxiliary verb precedes the subject.

*The progressive forms of the present perfect, past perfect, and future perfect are rarely used in the passive.

 
 is opened
1. Tom opens the door. The door Answer  by Tom.
is being
2. Tom is opening the door. The door Answer  by Tom.
has been
3. Tom has opened the door. The door Answer  by Tom.
w as opened
4. Tom opened the door. The door Answer  by Tom.
w as being opened
5. Tom was opening the door. The door Answer  by Tom.
had been opened
6. Tom had opened the door. The door Answer  by Tom.
w ill be opened
7. Tom will open the door. The door Answer  by Tom.
is going to be opened
8. Tom is going to open the door. The door Answer  by Tom.
w ill have been
9. Tom will have opened the door. The door Answer  by Tom.

Exercise 2.2
 According to the chart, change the active to the passive by writing
the correct form of be. Use the same tense for be in the passive
sentence that is used in the active sentence. 

Example: Mrs. Bell answered my question. My

question was answered by Mrs. Bell. 
(Do not use punctuation)

   Active  Passive 

(a) simple present  Mary helps the boy. The boy is helped by Mary.

(b) present progressive  Mary is helping the boy. The boy is being helped by Mary.
(c) present perfect*  Mary has helped the boy. The boy has been helped by Mary.
(d) simple past Mary helped the boy. The boy was helped by Mary.
(e) past progressive  Mary was helping the boy. The boy was being helped by Mary.
(f) past perfect*  Mary had helped the boy. The boy had been helped by Mary.
(g) simple future  Mary will help the boy. The boy will be helped by Mary.
(h) be going to  Mary is going to help the boy. The boy is going to be helped by Mary.
(i) future perfect* Mary will have helped the boy. The boy will have been helped by Mary.

(j) Was the boy helped by Mary? In the question form of passive verbs, an
 (k) Has the boy been helped by Mary? auxiliary verb precedes the subject.  

*The progressive forms of the present perfect, past perfect, and future perfect are rarely used in the
passive. 

1. simple present:

Authors write books. Books Answer  written by authors.

2. present progressive: 

Mr. Brown is writing that book. That book Answer  written by Mr. Brown.

3. present perfect:

Ms. Lee has written the report. The report Answer  written by Ms. Lee.

4. simple past:

Bob wrote that letter. That letter Answer  written by Bob.

5. past progressive: 

A student was writing the report. The report Answer  written by a student.

6. past perfect: 

Lucy had written a memo. A memo Answer  written by Lucy

7. simple future:

Your teacher will write a report. A report Answer  written by your teacher.

8. be going to:

Tom is going to write a letter. The letter Answer  written by Tom. 

9. future perfect:

Alice will have written the report. The report Answer  written by Alice.

Next

Exercise 2.3
 Complete the sentences according the grammar chart information. Change the verbs
from active to passive.
(Do not use punctuation)

  Active Passive

(a) simple present Mary helps the boy. The boy is helped by Mary.

(b) present progressive Mary is helping the boy. The boy is being helped by Mary.
(c) present perfect* Mary has helped the boy. The boy has been helped by Mary.
(d) simple past Mary helped the boy. The boy was helped by Mary.
(e) past progressive Mary was helping the boy. The boy was being helped by Mary.
(f) past perfect* Mary had helped the boy. The boy had been helped by Mary.
(g) simple future Mary will help the boy. The boy will be helped by Mary.
(h) be going to Mary is going to help the boy. The boy is going to be helped by Mary.
(i) future perfect* Mary will have helped the boy. The boy will have been helped by Mary.

(j) Was the boy helped by Mary? In the question form of passive verbs, an
(k) Has the boy been helped by Mary? auxiliary verb precedes the subject.

*The progressive forms of the present perfect, past perfect, and future perfect are rarely used in the
passive.
 
Example: 1. Picasso painted that picture.
                     That picture  was painted by Picasso.
2. Experienced pilots fly these planes.

These planes Answer  by experienced pilots.

3. A famous singer is going to sing the national anthem.

The national anthem Answer  by a famous singer.

4. Yale University has accepted my cousin.

My cousin Answer  by Yale University.

5. The doctor will examine the patient.

The patient Answer  by the doctor.

6. The defense attorney is questioning a witness.

A witness Answer  by the defense attorney.

7. A dog bit our mail carrier.

Our mail carrier Answer  by a dog.

8. The mother bird was feeding the baby bird.

The baby bird Answer  by the mother bird.

 
QUIZ 2.5
Practice: The Present Perfect and the simple past

Complete each statement with the correct present perfect form.