Introduction to Proteus:

Proteus professional is a software combination of ISIS schematic capture program and ARES
PCB layout program. This is a powerful and integrated development environment. Tools in this
suit are very easy to use and these tools are very useful in education and professional PCB
designing. As professional PCB designing software with integrated space based auto router, it
provides features such as fully featured schematic capture, highly configurable design rules,
interactive SPICE circuit simulator, extensive support for power planes, industry standard
CADCAM & ODB++ output and integrated 3D viewer

LIST OF ACRONYM:

CAD Computer aided design

PCB Printed circuit board

EDA electronic design automation

ECAD Electronic computer aided design
CAM computer-aided manufacturing
VSM Virtual System Modelling

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Editing Window:

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Menu Bar:

The Menu Bar runs across the top row of the screen and its main purpose (the selection of
commands from the menus) is the same as with any other Windows application. In addition, the
title bar area above the menu names is used to display certain prompt messages which indicate
when the program has entered a particular editing or processing mode.

The Toolbar:
As with other modern Windows applications, ISIS provides access to a number of its commands and
modes through the use of toolbars. The toolbars can be dragged to any of the four edges of the ISIS
application window.
 Command Toolbars
The tools located along the top of the screen (by default) provide alternative access to the menu
commands, as follows:

 Mode Selector Toolbar

The toolbar located down the left hand edge of the screen select the editor mode, i.e. what
happens when you click the mouse on the Editing Window.

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  Orientation Toolbar
The orientation toolbar displays and controls the rotation and reflection for objects placed onto
the layout.

The edit box allows you type a rotation angle in directly; but note that in ISIS, only orthogonal
angles may be entered.
When an existing object is tagged, the Rotation and Mirror icons highlight in red to show that
they will modify the orientation of an object on the layout. When the icons are not highlighted,
they serve to determine the orientation for new objects.

Selecting Parts from the Library

1. Select the component icon from the Mode Selector toolbar.

2. Click left on the 'P' Button on the Object Selector. This will cause the Device Library
Browser to appear as shown below.

3. Either enter one or more keywords or else navigate through the category and subcategory
columns to filter down the indexing system and locate the desired library part.
4. Double click on a part in the results list in order to select it into the design.
5. When you have finished picking devices, use the ok button to close the dialogue and
return to ISIS.

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To place a component:

1. If the device type you want is not listed in the Object Selector, first select component mode and
then pick it from the libraries as described in the previous section.
2. Highlight the device name in the Object Selector. ISIS will show a preview of the device in the
Overview Window.
3. Use the Rotation and Mirror icons to orient the device according to how you want to place it.
4. Click left in the Editing Window to enter placement mode. At this point a shadow outline of the
component will appear.
5. Move the mouse to the point and which you want to place the component and left click again to
commit and exit placement mode.

To replacing Components

1. Proceed up to stage four in the steps for placing a component. You should now have a shadow
component following the mouse.
2. Move the shadow component over the existing component such that at least one of the pins is
exactly over a pin on the existing component and the mouse itself is over the existing component.
3. Click left to replace the component on the schematic with the one you are currently placing.

Tagging an Object
Tagging or highlighting an object can be done in several ways as detailed below :
1. Entering selection mode and left clicking on the object.
2. Right clicking on the object (tags the object and presents you with that objects context menu.
3. Dragging a box around the object (or objects!) using the left mouse button.
4. Modeless selection by clicking the left mouse button on the object. This is extremely fast and
works for all objects except for wires and 2D Graphic objects where one of the above methods
must be used.

Deleting an Object
You can delete any object by pointing at it, clicking right and selecting Delete from the resulting
context menu. All wires connected to the object will also be deleted, except in the case of a dot
connected to exactly 2 wires, in which case the wires will be joined.

Dragging an Object
You can drag (i.e. re-position) any tagged object by pointing at it (the cursor will change to
indicate that the object can be dragged) and then dragging with the left button depressed. This
applies not only to whole objects, such a components, but also individually to their labels.
 If the Wire Auto Router is enabled and there are wires connected to it, then these will be re-
routed or 'fixed up'. This can take some time if the object has a lot of connected wires; the pointer
becomes an hour glass while this is happening.
 If you drag an object by mistake, and all the wiring goes horribly wrong, you can use the Undo
command, key CTRL+Z to restore things to their original state.

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Dragging an Object Label
Many object types have one or more labels attached to them. For example, each component has a
reference label and a value label. It is very easy to move these labels in order to improve the
appearance of your schematics.

To move a label:

1. Tag the object by one of the methods outlined above.

2. Point at the label and depress the left mouse button.
3. Drag the label to the required position. If you need to position it very finely, you can change the
snap resolution using the shortcut keys (by default these are mapped to F4, F3, F2, CTRL+F1)
even whilst dragging.
4. Release the mouse button to finish.
Resizing an Object
Sub-circuits, graphs, lines, boxes and circles may be resized. When you tag these objects, little
white squares called handles will appear and the object can be re-sized by dragging the handles.
To resize an object:
1. Tag the object by entering selection mode and left clicking on the object (remember to left click
on the border if the object is a 2D Graphic).
2. If the object can be resized, a set of little square handles will appear on it.
3. Resize the object by pointing at a handle, pressing the left mouse button, and dragging it to a new
position. The handles disappear whilst you are dragging so that they do not obscure your view of
the object itself.

Reorienting an Object
Many of the object types may be oriented - that is rotated through 0°, 90°, 270° and 360° and
reflected in x and/or y. If such an object is tagged, the Rotation and Mirror icons will change
color from blue to red, and will then affect the tagged object.  
To reorient an object:
1. Tag the object using one of the methods outlined here.
2. Click left on the rotation icon to rotate it anti-clockwise, right to rotate it clockwise.
3. Click left on the Mirror icon to toggle its reflection in x, and right to toggle its reflection in y.
It is worth noting that if the Rotation and Mirror icons are red, operating them will affect an
object somewhere on the diagram, even if you cannot currently see it. This becomes important if,
in fact, you wish to manipulate a new object which you are about to place. If the icons are red,
first untag the existing object by pointing at an empty area of the design in the Editing Window
and clicking left. The icons will then revert to blue, indicating that it is 'safe' to adjust them.

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Editing an Object
Many of the objects have graphical and/or textual properties that may be edited through a
dialogue form, and because this is a very common operation we have provided a variety of ways
to achieve it.
To edit a single object using the mouse:
Either:
Right click on the object and select Edit Properties from the resulting context menu.
Or:
Double click the left mouse button on the object.
To edit a succession of objects using the mouse:
1. Enter Selection Mode.
2. Point at each object in succession and click left.
To edit an object and access special edit modes:
1. Point at the object.
2. Press the shortcut for ‘Edit Object Under Mouse‘ (default assignation is CTRL+'E').
For text scripts, this will invoke the external text editor. Also, if the mouse is not over any object,
this command will edit the current graph, if any.
To edit a component by name:
1. Key the shortcut for ‘Find and Edit Component’ (default assignation is ‘E’).
2. Type in the reference name (part ID) of a component.
This will locate and bring up the dialogue form for any component in the design, not just those
on the current sheet. After the edit, the screen is re-drawn with the component in the centre. You
can thus use this command to locate a component, even if you do not actually want to edit it.
Details pertaining to the operation of the dialogue forms associated with each object type are
given in the Object Specifics section of this documentation.

Editing An Object Label

Component, terminal, wire and bus labels can all be edited in much the same way as objects:
To edit a single object label using the mouse:
1. Tag the object by pointing at it and clicking left.
2. Click left on the label (not the object itself).
To edit a succession of object labels using the mouse:
1. Enter Selection Mode.
2. Point at each label in succession and click left.
Either way, a dialogue form with Label and Style tabs is displayed. The editing of local text
styles is fully covered in the tutorial on graphics and text styles- see Editing Local Styles.

Copying all Tagged Objects

To copy a section of circuitry:

1. Tag the required objects by dragging out a tag-box as described in Tagging an Object.
2. Right click within the tagbox and select the Block Copy option from the resulting context menu.
3. Move the mouse to lift the copy outline to the require position and click left to place a copy.
4. Repeat step [3] as required to place multiple copies.
5. Click right to finish.

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When components are copied, their references are automatically reset to the un-annotated state
so as to ready them for automatic annotation, and prevent the occurrence of multiple instances of
the same part IDs.

Moving all Tagged Objects

 To move a set of objects:

1. Tag the required objects by dragging out a tag-box as described in Tagging an Object.
2. Move the mouse inside the tagbox (the cursor will change to indicate that the block can be
moved.
3. Depress the left mouse button, drag the outline to the required position and click left to place it.

 Moving a tagged object

The behavior of wires during block move is somewhat subtle. Essentially, ISIS will move all
wires or parts of wires enclosed in the tag-box without re-routing them, and then, where wires
cross the boundaries of the tag-box, it will reroute from the last point inside the tag-box to the
first point outside it. It follows that you can control whether a section of wiring is preserved or
re-routed according to whether you include it in the tag-box or not.

Deleting all Tagged Objects

To delete a group of objects:

1. Tag the required objects by dragging out a tag-box as described in Tagging an Object.
2. Right click within the area encompassed by the tagbox and select the Block Delete option from
the resulting context menu.

If you delete something by mistake, you can recover it using the Undo command.

Rotating all Tagged Objects

To rotate a group of objects:

1. Tag the required objects by dragging out a tag-box as described in Tagging an Object.
2. Right click within the area encompassed by the tagbox and select the Block Rotate option from
the resulting context menu.

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Signal Generator:
A function generator is usually a piece of electronic test equipment or software used to generate
different types of electrical waveforms over a wide range of frequencies.
The VSM Signal Generator is supplied as standard with both ProSPICE Professional. It models a
simple audio functional generator with the following feature
 Square, saw-tooth, triangle and sine output waveforms.
 Output frequency range from 0-12MHz in 8 ranges
 Output amplitude from 0-12V in 4 ranges.
 Amplitude and frequency modulation inputs

Procedure of Using the Signal Generator

To set up a simple audio signal source
1. Pick the SIGNAL GENERATOR object by selecting the Meter icon in ISIS and then
selecting the Signal Generator from the Object Selector. Place one on the schematic and
wire its outputs into the rest of the circuit. In most circumstances (i.e. unless the circuit
you are driving requires a balance input source), you will want to ground the -ve terminal
of the generator. You most easily achieve this using a ground terminal. The amplitude
and frequency modulation inputs can be left unconnected unless you are using these
features.

2. Start an interactive simulation by pressing the play button on the Animation Control
Panel.  The signal generator popup window should appear.
3. Set the frequency range  dial to a value suitable for your application. The range values
indicate the frequency that is generated when the center vernier control is set at 1.

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 4. Set the amplitude range dial to a value suitable for your application. The range values
indicate the amplitude that is generated when the level vernier control is set at 1. The
amplitude values represent peak output levels.

5. Push the waveform button until the LED next to the appropriate waveform icon is lit.

Using AM & FM Modulation Inputs

The signal generator model supports both amplitude and frequency modulation of the output
waveform. Both the amplitude and frequency inputs have the following features:

 The gain of the modulation input in terms of Hz/V or V/V is set by the Frequency Range
and Amplitude Range controls respectively.
 The modulation input voltages are clamped at +/- 12V.
 The modulation inputs have infinite input impedance.
 The voltage at the modulation input is added to the setting of the appropriate vernier
control before being multiplied by the range setting to determine the instantaneous output
frequency of amplitude.

For example, if the frequency range is set at 1KHz, and the frequency vernier is set at 2.0, then a
frequency modulation level of 2V will give an output frequency of 4kHz.

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Oscilloscope:
An oscilloscope is a laboratory instrument commonly used to display and analyze
the waveform of electronic signals. In effect, the device draws a graph of the instantaneous
signal voltage as a function of time

Specification:

 Four channel or X-Y operation.

 Channel gain from 20V/div to 2mV/div with 2.5x accurate set-up.
 Timebase from 200ms/div to 0.5us/div with 2.5x accurate set-up.
 Automatic voltage level triggering locked to either channel.
 AC or DC coupled inputs.
 A+B and C+D channel modes.
 Invert button for each channel.
 Mouse zoom in and out.
 Cursors measurement.
 One-shot mode with zoom in and out possibility.
 Printing.
 Color change for each channel.

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Procedure Of Using the Oscilloscope
To display analog waveforms
1. Pick the OSCILLOSCOPE object by selecting the Meter icon in ISIS and then selecting
the Oscilloscope from the Object Selector.

2. Place one on the schematic and wire its inputs to the signals you want to record.
3. Start an interactive simulation by pressing the play button on the Animation Control
Panel.  The oscilloscope window should appear.
4. Set the timebase dial in Horizontal section to a suitable value for the circuit. You will
need to think about the waveform frequencies present in your circuit, and convert these to
cycle times by taking their reciprocal.
5. If displaying signals with a DC offset, select AC mode on either or every input channel as
appropriate. You can also turn off unused channels by choosing OFF mode.
6. Adjust the voltage and position dials in Channel A...Channel D sections so that the
waveforms are of a suitable size and position. If a waveform consists of a small AC
signal on top of a large DC voltage you may need to connect a capacitor between the test
point and the oscilloscope, as the position controls can compensate for only a certain
amount of DC.
7. Decide which channel you want to trigger off, using the Source slider from Trigger
section.
8. Choose the required part of waveform by using the slider from Trigger section It will
lock to rising slopes if the slider points up, and falling slopes if it points down.

Modes of Operation
The oscilloscope can operate in the following modes:

 Auto - the Auto button LED is lit in this mode.

 One-Shot  - the Auto button LED is off. In this mode the One-Shot LED will be lit if
capturing is in progress and off after the finishing capture.
 X-Y mode - the Source slider form Horizontal section positioned in selected X channel.

Triggering
The VSM oscilloscope provides an automatic triggering mechanism which enables it
synchronize the timebase to the incoming waveform.
 The Source slider in the Trigger section can select which input channel is used for
triggering.
 The AC/DC slider is used for selection of absolute or channel-linked trigger offset.
 The Level dial used for trigger offset value setup.
 The Edge selection slider is used for choosing rising or falling edge of waveform.

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Input Coupling

Each input channel can either be directly coupled (DC coupling) or coupled through a simulated
capacitance (AC coupling). The latter mode is useful for displaying signals that carry a small AC
signal on top of a much larger DC bias voltage.

The inputs may also be temporarily grounded by selecting the GND slider position that can be
useful when aligning them to the graticule prior to taking measurements. Inputs may be switched
off by moving the slider into the OFF position. Two inputs can be summed by using A+B or
C+D buttons. Using Invert button each channel may be inverted.

Taking Measurements

Measuring of voltage, difference of voltages, time difference between trigger point and current
of between any two points can be performed by using the cursors. To use this feature select the
Cursors button. To set absolute cursor into screen just move the mouse to appropriate position
and press left mouse button. To set different cursor, move mouse while left button is depressed.
Cursors can be moved by mouse (while mouse is over any lines of the cursor) as well as deleted
using the context menu – items “Delete Cursor” or “Clear All Cursors”.

Printing
Current waveform displayed on the screen can be printed using context menu item “Print…”.

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Colours
Colours of each channel can be changed in “Colours Setup” dialog which one can be opened by
choosing context menu item “Colours Setup…”.

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