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Program Persiapan Langsung

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993

BKB NURUL FIKRI

 993

Passage 9
Education is a process that involves the transfer of knowledge, habits, and skills from one generation
to another through teaching, research, and training. It can be in a formal or informal setting. Formal education
involves institutionalized learning based on a curriculum. In today’s society, education and learning play an
indispensable role in shaping the lives of individuals and the society at large. The most effective way of
5 boosting economic growth, reducing poverty, and improving people’s health is by investing in education.
Human labor is essential for economic growth. A highly educated labor force further stimulates
economic growth. Additionally, a highly educated labor force can easily adapt to new working environment
and conditions. In view of that, it is evident that education serves as the driving force for innovation of new
products and services. Educated workers exchange ideas in the workplace and come up with new ideas that
10 help in the growth of the economy.
Education reduces poverty in a number of ways. One way is by creating employment opportunities for
educated people. Through employment, one is able to afford a decent living. Education helps to increase
economic security, create income opportunities, and improve livelihoods of the economically disadvantaged by
providing sustainable environmental management. Education further alleviates poverty through skills acquired
15 in the learning process. Skills such as carpentry, plumbing, and masonry are relevant in non-formal economies.
One can acquire these skills through technical and vocational trainings.
Educated people are health conscious and live longer than their counterparts because they engage in
healthy habits such as eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly, and going for medical checkups. By
investing in education, one will also be investing in their health. Education serves to create room for
20 technological advancements in the field of medicine and agriculture. Advanced technology used for conducting
surgery has replaced traditional methods. This has resulted in improvement in people’s general health and an
increased life expectancy. Most developing countries have a low life expectancy compared to developed
countries. This can be attributed to high illiteracy levels present in developing countries. This translates to poor
health and poor eating habits.

53. What does the passage mainly deal with? 54. Based on the passage, the word indispensable
(A) How education increases one’s life in line 4 means….
expectancy (A) important
(B) Skills and knowledge gained from education (B) obligatory
(C) Education as a means for a better human (C) attractive
health (D) urgent
(D) Effects of education on humans’ skills (E) indirect
(E) The merits of education for human beings

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55. Education solves poverty by….
(A) improving awareness in economic values
(B) providing functional skills and knowledge
(C) merely enhancing high levels of literacy
(D) investing more on health
(E) empowering thinking capacities
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56. What most likely motivates the writer in writing
the passage?
(A) Only educated people know the
importance of education.
(B) The life expectancy in most developing
countries is low.
(C) People need more elaborate information
on the great benefits of education.
(D) The lack of investment in education in
many developing countries.
(E) Many people in developing countries are
illiterate.

Passage 10
Compared with other modes of transport, train technology might seem to be progressing as slowly as
suburban commuter service rattling its way from one station to another. Automotive technology, by contrast,
changes constantly. Each time you buy a new car, you will notice a host of new features. Progress is apparent
in aircraft, too, with advances in in-flight entertainment and communication, fancy seats that turn into beds,
5 and quieter and more efficient engines. Trains, meanwhile, appear to have changed a lot less.
This comparison is not entirely fair. For one thing, people buy their own cars so they pay more
attention to automotive innovation. Carmakers are engaged in a constant arms race, trumpeting new features
as a way to differentiate their products. Nobody buys their own trains. Similarly, air passengers have a choice
of competing airlines and are far more likely to be aware of the merits of rival fleet than they are of different
10 types of train. In addition, trains have longer lives so technology takes longer to become widespread.
Yet there is no shortage of new ideas, and they are steadily making their way out onto the rails. Better
technologies are delivering everything from improved traction, braking and route-planning to sleek levitating
trains designed to glide on air at an astounding 500kph (310mph). Energy-efficiency and safety are up, and
derailments are down.
15 For proponents of rail transport, such developments strengthen the political and economic case for
favoring trains over roads or short-haul air travel. In 2011 a European Commission “roadmap” documents on
transport strategy called for a trebling of high-speed rail capacity in Europe, and further investment in urban
networks, with the goal of halving the use of fossil-fuel-powered cars in cities within two decades. That seems
optimistic. But high oil prices, clogged roads and rising demand for passenger and freight capacity have
20 prompted a widespread talk of a “rail renaissance” which will accelerate the adoption of new technologies.

57. How are ideas in paragraphs 1 and 2 related?
(A) Paragraph 2 explains some reasons for
slower improvement in train technology
compared to that of other vehicles types –
the fact described in paragraph 1.
(B) Paragraph 2 gives some examples of
problems in car and flight technology that
have been discussed in comparison to train
technology in paragraph 1.
(C) Paragraph 2 provides more detailed
comparison between train, car, and flight
technology that has been described in
paragraph 1.
(D) Paragraph 2 elaborates further the
comparison between train and other
vehicles types that has been explained in
paragraph 1.
(E) Paragraph 2 exemplifies the claim made by
the author about car, flight, and train
technology argued in paragraph 1.
58. The author’s idea about some improvements in
train technology in the passage is in line with
which of the following?
(A) Development in house design is becoming
increasingly faster.
(B) Cooking utensils have been modified in
many ways to attract buyers.
(C) Many electronic devices have been
improved to fulfill customers’ demand.
(D) New inventions have been made to improve
the performance of passenger ships.
(E) Compared to the situation in the past, there
are now more types of electronic devices.

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59. By saying that ‘Yet there is no shortage of new 60. In which paragraph(s) does the author explain
ideas.’ in line 11, the author holds the the reason of seemingly slow improvement in
assumption that readers…. train technology most effectively?
(A) may falsely think that trains improved (A) 1
slowly because there are no new ideas (B) 2
(B) might know that many new ideas have been (C) 1 and 2
converted into innovations in a short period (D) 1 and 3
of time (E) 2 and 3
(C) will understand that new ideas are not the
only things needed for technology
improvement
(D) would assume that new ideas have been so
abundant that it is difficult to accommodate
them
(E) can see that train improvement has been
very slow due to the absence of continuous
progress in technology

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