ENGLISH AND GRAMMAR  Jane called her friend.

NOUN 1. Personal
Name of everything Subjective Case Objective Case Possessive Case
 Proper Noun – Anne Smith I Me My, Mine
 Common – review center He Him His
 Abstract – honesty She Her Hers
 Concrete – laptop It It Its
 Mass – a cup of tea, a flash of You You Your, yourselves
lightning They Them Themselves
 Count – book, chair We Us Our, ourselves
 Collective – team, jury, fleet, faculty,
gang 2. Indefinite – Singular – any, anyone,
nobody, each, everyone, every, either,
CASES OF NOUN neither, someone. Plural – all, some,
- Nominative Case – subject of verb few, both, several.
 The painter paints the portraits. 3. Demonstrative – used in pointing
- Objective Case (Accusative Case) – objects (this, that, those, these)
direct objects, objects of preposition 4. Relative – refers to thing/person we
 The vendors sell mangoes. are talking about. (The man who stole
- Dative Case – indirect object of the my heart.)
verb, for who and for which 5. Reflexive – used with another noun or
 The postman brought me a pronoun when something does
letter. something to himself – himself,
- Possessive case (Genitive Case) – yourself, herself, myself, itself,
ownership ourselves, themselves.
 This is your pencil.
- Vocative case – to call the attention CONJUNCTION
 You there, stand up Use to connect words or group of words.
1. Coordinating – joining words,
ADVERB phrase, independent clause.
Modifies a verb, adjective and another adverb (FANBOYS)
 Adverb of Manner (how) 2. Subordinating – introduces
 Adverb of Place (where) dependent clause. (although, while,
 Adverb of Frequency (how often) since, because, unless, once)
 Adverb of Time (when) 3. Correlative – used to link
 Adverb of Purpose (to what extend) equivalent sentence. (both-and, so-
as, either-or, not only – but also)
PRONOUN
- Antecedent of the pronoun – the noun PREPOSITION
to which the pronouns refers Shows position or direction.
- Must agree in gender, person, and In – General – Century, Year, Week
number. On – More specific – Days, weeks, avenue
At – Most specific – exact hour, location

INTERJECTION
- A word that expresses emotion.
Oh! No! Wait! Ah ha! Bravo! Alas! Ouch!
Yum!

ADJECTIVE
- Demonstrative – this, that, these,
those
- Article – A, An, The
- Indefinite – each, how, some, any,
much, many
- Interrogative – where, what, which
DEGREES OF COMPARISON
1. Positive
2. Comparative
3. Superlative
ORDER OF ADJECTIVE
DOCShSiQACNm
- Determiner
- Ordinal
- Color
- Shape
- Size
- Quality
- Acronym
- Cardinal
- Noun Modifier