Exercise 1D

1 a f ( x ) = 4 x3 − 5 x 2 + 7 x + 1 1 f f ( x=
) 243x 4 − 27 x3 − 3x + 7
f ( 2) = 4 ( 2) − 5 ( 2) + 7 ( 2) + 1
3 2 4 3
1 1 1 1
f =
 243   − 27   − 3   + 7
= 4 (8) − 5 ( 4 ) + 7 ( 2 ) + 1 3 3 3 3
= 32 − 20 + 14 + 1 1  1  1
= 243   − 27   − 3   + 7
= 27  81   27   3 
= 3 −1−1+ 7
b f ( x )= 2 x5 − 32 x3 + x − 10 =8
f (=
4 ) 2 ( 4 ) − 32 ( 4 ) + 4 − 10
5 3
g f ( x ) = 64 x 3 + 32 x 2 − 16 x + 9
= 2 (1024 ) − 32 ( 64 ) − 6 3 2
 3  3  3  3
= 2048 − 2048 − 6 f  −  = 64  −  + 32  −  − 16  −  + 9
 4  4  4  4
= −6
 27  9  3
= 64  −  + 32   − 16  −  + 9
c f ( x) =
−2 x3 + 6 x 2 + 5 x − 3  64   16   4
= −27 + 18 + 12 + 9
f ( −1) =−2 ( −1) + 6 ( −1) + 5 ( −1) − 3
3 2
= 12
=−2 ( −1) + 6 (1) + 5 ( −1) − 3
= 2+6−5−3 h f ( x )= 81x3 − 81x 2 + 9 x + 6
3 2
=0 2 2 2 2
f  = 81  − 81  + 9   + 6
3 3 3 3
d f ( x ) = 7 x3 + 6 x 2 − 45 x + 1
 8  4 2
= 81  − 81  + 9   + 6
f ( −3) = 7 ( −3) + 6 ( −3) − 45 ( −3) + 1
3 2
 27  9 3
= 7 ( −27 ) + 6 ( 9 ) − 45 ( −3) + 1 = 24 − 36 + 6 + 6
=−189 + 54 + 135 + 1 =0
=1
i f ( x ) = 243 x 6 − 780 x 2 + 6
e f ( x ) = 4 x4 − 4 x2 + 8x −1  4  4
6
 4
2

f  − = 243  −  − 780  −  + 6
1  3  3  3
f   = 4 x4 − 4 x2 + 8x −1
2  4096   16 
= 243   − 780   + 6
 729  9
4 2
1 1 1
= 4   − 4   + 8  −1
2 2 2 4096 4160 18
= − +
 1  1 1 3 3 3
= 4   − 4   + 8   −1 46
 16   4   2  = −
1 3
= −1+ 4 −1
4
9
=
4

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1 j f ( x )= 125 x 4 + 5 x 3 − 9 x 5 f ( x) =x 6 − 36 x3 + 243
( 3) − 36 ( 3) + 243
f ( 3) =
4 3 6 3
 3  3  3  3
f  − = 125  −  + 5  −  − 9  − 
 5  5  5  5 = 729 − 972 + 243
 81   27   3  =0
= 125   + 5 −  − 9 − 
 625   125   5  Since f(3) = 0, (x – 3) is a factor of f(x)
81 27 27
= − + 6 f ( x ) = 2 x 3 + 17 x 2 + 31x − 20
5 25 5
3 2
513 1 1 1 1
= f   = 2   + 17   + 31  − 20
25 2 2 2 2
1 1 1
2 f ( x ) = 2 x3 − 3x 2 − 2 x + a =2   + 17   + 31  − 20
8 4 2
Since f (1) = −4 1 17 31
= + + − 20
2 (1) − 3 (1) − 2 (1) + a =−4
3 2
4 4 2
2 − 3 − 2 + a =−4 =0
1
a = −1 Since f   = 0 , (2x – 1) is a factor of f(x)
2
3 f ( x) =
−3 x3 + 4 x 2 + bx + 6
7 f ( x ) = x 2 + 3x + q
Since f ( −2 ) =
10
Since f ( 2 ) = 3 ,
−3 ( −2 ) + 4 ( −2 ) + b ( −2 ) + 6 =
3 2
10
( 2) + 3( 2) + q =
2
3
−3 ( −8 ) + 4 ( 4 ) + b ( −2 ) + 6 =
10
10 + q = 3
24 + 16 − 2b + 6 =
10 q = −7
2b = 36 so
b = 18 f ( x ) = x 2 + 3x − 7
f ( −2 ) =( −2 ) + 3 ( −2 ) − 7
2
4 f ( x=
) 216 x3 − 32 x 2 + cx − 8
= 4−6−7
1
Since f   = 1 = −9
2
3 2
1 1 1 8 g ( x ) = x3 + ax 2 + 3 x + 6
216   − 32   + c   − 8 =
1
2 2 2
Since g ( −1) =
2,
1 1 1
216   − 32   + c   − 8 =
1 ( −1)
3
+ a ( −1) + 3 ( −1) + 6 =
2
2
8 4 2
1 −1 + a − 3 + 6 =2
27 − 8 + c − 8 =1
2 a=0
1 so
c = −10 g ( x ) = x3 + 3x + 6
2
c = −20 2 2 2
3

g   =  + 3  + 6
3 3 3
8
= +2+6
27
224
=
27

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2
9 f ( x ) = 2 x3 − x 2 + ax + b 10 f ( x ) = 3 x 3 + 2 x 2 − px + q
f ( 2 ) = 14 f (1) = 0
So So
2 ( 2) − ( 2) + a ( 2) + b =
3 2
3 (1) + 2 (1) − p (1) + q =
3 2
14 0
2 (8) − ( 4 ) + a ( 2 ) + b =
14 3+ 2− p + q =0
16 − 4 + 2a + b =
14 p−q = 5 (1)
2a + b = 2 (1) f ( −1) =
10
f ( −3) =−86 So
So 3 ( −1) + 2 ( −1) − p ( −1) + q =
3 2
10
2 ( −3) − ( −3) + a ( −3) + b =−86
3 2
−3 + 2 + p + q =10
2 ( −27 ) − ( 9 ) + a ( −3) + b =−86 p+q = 11 (2)
−54 − 9 − 3a + b =−86 Adding equations (1) and (2) gives
−3a + b =−23 (2) p−q = 5
Multiply equation (2) by −1 then add it to 11
p+q =
equation (1)
2p = 16
2a + b = 2
p =8
3a − b = 23
When p = 8, q = 3
5a = 25
a=5
When a = 5, b = −8

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