Running head: JOB, STUDIES AND OPPORTUNITIES 1

Migration in the 21st Century

Jonathan Guano

Writing & Grammar 8 – EAPC1801

Professor Mario Lewandowski

Sunday, February 16th, 2020

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Migration in the 21st Century

A society in decline, lack of opportunities, and desire to achieve economic stability

frequently end up in massive migration, which is another global problem. Migratory flow plays

an important role in a globalized world that demands competitiveness, skills, strengths, and

training. In the last century, human displacement has increased suddenly, thereby it is important

to know its different causes. Between the most common reasons are better economic

opportunities, more competitive study programs, and improved quality of life.

Secure employment creates a spirit of migration towards another territory, where stable

jobs and an honest income are attractive to people from poor regions. Usually, these people send

a large part of their salaries to their relatives back home. Some of the most common countries

that face this issue are China with around 10 million immigrants in (1949 – 2020), Russia - 10.6

million (2000 – 2020), Mexico - 13 million (1960 – 2020), India - 16.6 million (1900 – 2020)

(Sen N. & Oishimaya, 2019). Also, between 2000 and 2010, Ecuador had a strong outflow of

migrants due to a low economy. Thereby, migration is an issue that needs to be approached

bilaterally between nations to propose solutions. Furthermore, it’s difficult to prevent migrants

go to the wealth of richer countries or nations that are still in development (Pecoud &

Guchteneire, 2007). For example, a foreigner travels to countries with abundant resources like

oil. The following statistics show different places rich in oil and their percentage of immigration:

United Arab Emirates (87%), Kuwait (73%), Qatar (68%), Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, and Oman,

where the proportion ranges from 34% to 51% (World Economic Forum, 2019). This means that

a nation with resources is a synonym of development and prone to immigrants. Moreover,

thousands of people are forced to accept inadequate working conditions due to lack of work and

overpopulation, it pushes a person to leave his/her home country. To exemplify this

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phenomenon, in Ecuador, a bus driver earns CAD 666.27 working 19 hours shifts, while this

same job position in Canada allows a person to expect around CAD 3268.70 if working 8 hours a

day (Numbeo, 2020). Besides, violence at work is another common issue for some countries. It

has more incidence in Colombia, Egypt, Guatemala, Indonesia, Ukraine, and Mexico (Ethical

Trading Initiative, 2017). If we compare the statistics of countries with a huge number of

immigrants versus countries with violence issues, it will be an indicator that some of them have

both problems. This leads us to think about inappropriate work conditions are also a reason to

migrate.

In an era of globalization and change, young people face the dilemma of the international

job market, in order to prospective workers to be considered for rewarding and challenging roles,

they must have work experience outside their home country, be immersed in the new culture, and

have an open mind. The first cause of choosing to study abroad is career benefits (Evans C,

2016). A competitive marketplace full of opportunities waits for graduate students who chose to

complete a career overseas. Completing an international diploma brings benefits when it comes

to having access to innovative subjects, specializing in careers that are not available in

underdeveloped countries (Evans C, 2016). Some countries are world leaders in a specific

subject like Australia for geology and marine biology courses, the United States for its petroleum

resources, Russia for its aerospace technology, and Japan is known for its technology.

Furthermore, the ability to adapt to new and unfamiliar situations are skills developed by people

who decide to study abroad (Evans C, 2016). It will increase self-confidence, for example, I’ve

acquired some abilities such as being more flexible when accepting an idea, fast adaptability,

being willing to take initiative, communicate my ideas better, use of critical and analytical

thinking, and understanding of foreign culture. Another important reason to study overseas for
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some students is the financial part (Evans C, 2016). For example, expensive tuition fees like in

the United Kingdom £ 9000 per year, obligates students to look for other options like Germany

or Norway which offer tuition-free. The United States and the Netherlands offer financial

support and generous scholarships. These facts make us conclude that education plays a huge

role in immigration.

Finally, citizens seeking a better quality of life are also causes of immigration. Health is

one of them, in the last 5 years, a huge number of immigrants from Venezuela have left their

country by lack of health care, absence of elementary medicine for adults and children. The data

in Venezuela is alarming, in a hospital died 14 children per week due to lack of assistance and

medicament. Last three years Venezuela stopped receiving gauze and alcohol said a hospital

worker (AL JAZEERA NEWS, 2019). The situation is unsustainable, at such point that people

choose to walk for days from frontier to frontier. The most common places for Venezuelans to

start a new life are Peru, Ecuador, Brazil, Argentina. Furthermore, another reason that

contributes to immigration is terrorism. The world is aware of the chaos in the Middle East and

South America such as Colombia, Mexico, Venezuela, and Brazil. A group of the Paramilitary-

Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) and the National Liberation Army (ELN),

both are responsible for most terrorist attacks in the region.

In sum, this essay evaluates the root of migrants that face this issue from different points

of view. The first reason is employment and the workplace in first-world countries. The second

one is studying oversea, where thousands of teenager travels around the globe to achieve

strengths. Finally, the last point is quality of life, the most repetitive scenarios are poverty, health

care, security, freedom. Migration is a global issue that is easy to start but difficult to stop and

doesn't see age or gender, and it keeps going to destroy nations and families too.
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Reference

AL JAZEERA NEWS. (2019). They have no medicine or food': Venezuela’s healthcare crisis.

ALJAZEERA. Retrieved from: https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/02/medicine-food-

venezuela-healthcare-crisis-190208085644270.html

Ethical Trading Initiative. (2017). Top 10 worst countries for workers’ rights. Retrieved from:

https://www.ethicaltrade.org/blog/top-10-worst-countries-workers-rights

Evans C. (2016). Studying Abroad. Retrieved from: https://books.google.ca/books?

id=niCPDwAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onep

age&q&f=false

Numbeo. (2020). Cost of Living Comparison Between Ecuador and Canada. Retrieved from:

https://www.numbeo.com/cost-of living/compare countriesresults.jsp?

country1=Ecuador& country2=Canada

Pecoud & Guchteneire. (2007). Migration Without Borders: Essays on the Free Movement of

People. Retrieved from: https://books.google.ca/books?

id=mDGlNxffxvUC&printsec=frontcover&dq=migration+of+people&hl=es-

419&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj9xOWZ_cDnAhUuhOAKHehZDT4Q6AEISDAD#v=onepa

ge&q&f=false

PRI, (2014). These 6 countries are among the worst in the world for workers. Retrieved from:

https://www.pri.org/stories/2014-06-13/these-6-countries-are-among-worst-world-

workers

Sen N, Oishimaya. (2019, March 14). Countries With The Most People Living Abroad -

Emigration Rate by Country. Retrieved from:

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https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/countries-with-the-most-emigrants-living-

abroad.html

World Economic Forum. (2019). Which countries have the most immigrants?  Retrieved from:

https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2019/03/which-countries-have-the-most-immigrants-

51048ff1f9/
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HANDOUT — “ABC 123 D” Essay Outline Structure

A) Essay Topic Question -- Migration in the 21st Century

B) Thesis Statement -- Between the most common reasons are better

economic opportunities, more competitive study programs, and improved quality of life.

C) Body Paragraph # 1

 Topic Sentence -- Stable jobs and an honest income are attractive to

people from poor regions
 Most common countries that face this issue --Russia - 10.6 million (2000
– 2020), Mexico - 13 million (1960 – 2020), India - 16.6 million (1900 – 2020)
 Migrants go to the wealth of richer countries --United Arab Emirates (87%),
Kuwait (73%), Qatar (68%)
 Violence at work -- It has more incidence in
Colombia, Egypt, Guatemala, Indonesia, Ukraine, and Mexico

Body Paragraph # 2

 Topic Sentence -- Studying abroad,

 Career benefits --Specializing in careers that are not available in
underdeveloped countries
 Ability to adapt to new and unfamiliar situations --More flexible when
accepting an idea, fast adaptability, being willing to take initiative
 The financial part --Expensive tuition fees like in the United
Kingdom
Body Paragraph # 3

 Topic Sentence -- Better quality of life

 Health -- Lack of health care, absence of elementary
medicine
 Terrorism --Responsible for most terrorist attacks in the
region
D) Conclusion
Restate
 Concluding Statement
OR

Paraphras
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In sum, this essay evaluates the root of migrants that face this issue from different points of view.

The first reason is employment and the workplace in first-world countries. The second one is

studying oversea, where thousands of teenager travels around the globe to achieve strengths.

Finally, the last point is quality of life, the most repetitive scenarios are poverty, health care,

security, freedom.