SKMM 3443

HEAT TRANSFER PROJECT

‘SUSTAINABLE ENERGY IN A HEAT EXCHANGER SYSTEM’

SECTION 04

NAME : MOHD IZZAT ASHRAFF BIN NAPIS

I/C NO. : 960519-11-5727
MATRIC NO. : B17KM0022
LECTURER : Dr. AMINUDDIN BIN SAAT
Contents

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................3
CHAPTER 2: GENERAL APPLICATION AND DESIGN SPECIFICATION..............................5
2.1 Design Specification.............................................................................................................5
2.2 Application...............................................................................................................................6
CHAPTER 3: HEAT EXCHANGER EFFICIENCY.........................................................................8
CHAPTER 4: WAY TO ENHANCE PERFORMANCE..................................................................9
CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION...........................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..................................................................................................................................10

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 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

An automated heat transfer device at multiple temperatures between 2 fluids is a heat

exchanger. The heat interchange in the heat exchanger is able to stay done without combining the
both fluids. The heat exchanger also can used in both conditions which are cooling and heating
process. The heat exchangers have many types of applications. For example, the temperature is
lower down in the car engine, power plants producing electrical products, chemical processing and
households with HVAC systems. The heat is transferred by the fluid in different liquid phases. For
example lubricant, liquid or uniform air movement. Some types of heat exchangers are available that
all works the similar way as transient heat from a single liquid to the next. The dissimilar type of the
application in the industry that will affect the different used in the heat exchangers. In the industry,
many famous heat exchanger products such as shell and tube heat exchangers, double pipe heat
exchangers, heat exchangers, condensers, evaporators and boilers are available.

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 Figure 1: The heat exchanger flows for shells and tubes (two pass tube-side)

Figure 2: Exploded View of a Plate Heat Exchanger

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 CHAPTER 2: GENERAL APPLICATION AND DESIGN SPECIFICATION

2.1 Design Specification

This task required the use of a heat exchanger system to restore current energy in a
sustainable manner. The internal combustion engine that has the cooling system of radiating that had
been chosen as the design specifications as it can bring down the engine temperature. This radiator
has their own major component that can reduce the temperature of the engine. The major
components are as follows:

I. Refrigerant reservoir
II. Radiator
III. Radiator cap
IV. Thermostat
V. Throttle body
VI. Radiator fan
VII. Water pump
VIII. Heater coil (extra features other than air-conditioning in the car)
IX. Engine

This radiator cooling system is necessary to evade high temperature of the engine. The figure 3 below
is the concept of the radiator:

Figure 3: Engine radiator system

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2.2 Application
In this aluminium device, radiator consisting of aluminium mesh and tubes running parallel
through it all the way down. Hot refrigerant enters through the inlet and the outlet exits the cold
refrigerant. This occurs when the air goes through perpendicularly over the radiator. As the aluminium
consumes greater thermal conductivity, the aluminium takings the high temperature. As the air
passing through the tubes, the aluminium fins temperature decreases, so that the refrigerant get
cooler at the exit and returns to the engine. The temperature of the refrigerant will rise as the engine is
ready to start. The function of the radiator is to eliminate heat that had been transferred from the
coolant then the water pump pumps it back into the engine. In addition to the heater structures, the
driver must open a valve in which the ventilator blows the hot refrigerant and the hotter inside the car
is occupied. For a second time, a water pump will pump the cooled down refrigerant back into the
engine. In addition, the most important part is the cap on the radiator. Although, it's a simple part, it is
the system's best important part. A failure radiator cap could result in the outflow of the refrigerant,
overfull reservoir, collapsing radiator hose, and overheating engine.

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 Figure 4: Radiator fin for cooling

Figure 5: Radiator cap

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 CHAPTER 3: HEAT EXCHANGER EFFICIENCY

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 CHAPTER 4: WAY TO ENHANCE PERFORMANCE

The improvement due to the dimension of radiator that need to improve it area such as taller,
wider and thinner. This is going to contribute a lot to heat removal from the coolant. Besides, higher
fins density will enable higher cooling and the increased number of passes will help to cool better. The
type of the material used in the radiator will affect the performance. Although copper has a higher heat
transfer rate, aluminium still has more advantages like lighter and durable. In addition, we can thinner
the tubes and rise the heat transfer. Last but not least, the fan speed performance must be improved.
If the car is in a stagnant form, the radiator’s surface does not have any natural air or natural
convection. Therefore, to replace the ambient air, forced convection needs a greater fan speediness.

CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION

To conclude, heat transfer knowledge is significant as it can be applied in daily life to fresh
machineries or applications. As mentioned directly above, it is demonstrated that the radiator cooling
system in one of the successful internal combustion engine heat transfer knowledge, investigation that
has been fulfilled on current machineries to make them an improved creation.

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REFERENCES

Harris, C., Despa, M., & Kelly, K. (2000). Design and fabrication of a cross flow micro heat
exchanger. Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems, 9(4), 502-508.

Memory, S., Hughes, G., Zhang, W., Rogers, C. J., Grohman, C., Robinson, E., ... & Trapp,
R. J. (2005). U.S. Patent No. 6,964,296. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.

Patel, C. N., & Scofield, D. W. (1976). U.S. Patent No. 3,976,128. Washington, DC: U.S.
Patent and Trademark Office..

Tattersall, G. J., Andrade, D. V., & Abe, A. S. (2009). Heat exchange from the toucan bill
reveals a controllable vascular thermal radiator. science, 325(5939), 468-470.

Beck, H. D., & Kolthoff Jr, C. P. (1980). U.S. Patent No. 4,184,541. Washington, DC: U.S.
Patent and Trademark Office.

Fukuoka, M., Nakamura, M., & Yamamoto, M. (1999). U.S. Patent No. 5,995,711.
Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.

Leong, K. Y., Saidur, R., Kazi, S. N., & Mamun, A. H. (2010). Performance investigation of an
automotive car radiator operated with nanofluid-based coolants (nanofluid as a coolant in a
radiator). Applied Thermal Engineering, 30(17-18), 2685-2692.

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