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What is Air Cooling System and How It Works In

Vehicle
By Saif M - October 30, 2018  0

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Air Cooling System in Engine

Onshore Mud Cooler

Rather than using a large body of water to dissipate heat,
Geo-Coolers use the atmosphere.

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 Contents [ hide ]

1. Air Cooling System in Engine
2. Components of Air-Cooled Engines
3. Advantage of Air Cooling System Engine
4. Disadvantages of Air Cooling System Engine
5. Cooling Fins
6. Fan Cooling
7. Example Of Air Cooling System in Engines

In the air cooling system, the heat is dissipated directly to the air after being conducted
through the cylinder walls. Air cooling systems have fins and flanges on the outer
surfaces of the cylinders. The heads serve to increase the area exposed to the cooling
air, and so raise the rate of cooling. The basic principle involved in this method is to have
a current of air flowing continuously over the heated surface of the engine from where
the heat is to be removed. The amount of heat dissipated based on the following factors.
1. The surface area of metal into contact with air.
2. The rate of air flow.

3. A temperature difference between the heated surface and the air.
4. The conductivity of the metal.

For complete use of air-cooling, the surface area of the metal which comes in contact
with air is improved by providing fins over the cylinder barrels. More the surface area in a
contact with air, more the heat is dissipated. Higher the rate of air flow, higher the heat is
dissipated.

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Onshore Mud Cooling - Well Temperature Control
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Similarly higher the temperature difference between the heated surface and the air,
higher will be the heat dissipation. A metal having conductivity dissipates more amount
of heat.

Components of Air-Cooled Engines

The components of most air-cooling systems are very simple.
 

The cooling fan is placed in a semicircular ducting. The ducting covers the cylinder head.
Its interior is fitted with baffles which direct the flow of air over the engine cooling fins
and through an oil cooler. Below the cylinders, the air is delivered over a thermostat,
which operates a valve via a lever. The valve controls the amount of air reaching the fan,
thus maintaining the correct engine temperature. After passing over the engine and
thermostat, the air is forced out of the rear of the car or passed through a heat transfer
system that supplies hot water to the car’s heater.

One problem connected with the use of air-cooled engines is the requirement of enough
heating and demisting system for the car.
Water-cooled engines always have a constant supply of hot water and it is easy enough
to convert this into hot air. Air-cooled engines usually have an independent heater or

harness the heat of the exhaust system.

Some older models have heating systems that combine both of these methods. An
electrically-operated heater which burns petrol supplied hot air to the car interior by way
of a blower fan. The same fan fed the hot air from the heat exchangers, which were
finned alloy castings on the exhaust system. Hot air was fed into a mixer chamber, where
it was blended with fresh air to give a controlled amount of heat.

Advantage of Air Cooling System Engine

1. Lighter in weight due to there is no radiator, cooling jackets and coolant.
2. No topping up the cooling system
3. No leaks to guard against.
4. Anti-freeze not required.
5. Engine warms-up faster than with water-cooled design.
. This system can be work in cold climates where water may freeze.
7. Can be used in areas where there is a scarcity of cooling water.

Disadvantages of Air Cooling System Engine

1. Less efficient cooling system, because of the coefficient of heat transfer for air is less than that for
water.
2. It is not easy to maintain even cool around the cylinder, the cylinder deformation can occur.
3. More noisy operation.
4. Limited use in motorcycles, and scooters where the cylinders are exposed to the air stream.

Cooling Fins
 

The surface area over the cylinder is get bigger by means of fins. These fins are either
cast as an essential part of the cylinder or different finned barrels are placed over the
cylinder barrel. Sometimes particularly in aero engines, the fins are machined from the
forged cylinder blanks. As a rule, the fins are usually made of about the cylinder wall
thickness at their roots, tapering down to about one-half the root thickness. The length of
the fins varies from one-quarter to one-third of the cylinder diameter. The distance
between the two fin centres is about one-quarter to one-third of their length. The total
length of the finned cylinder barrel is from 1 to 1½ times the cylinder bore.

Another rule based upon experimental considerations is to allow 1400 to 2400 cm² of

cooling fins area per horsepower. This gives about the correct cylinder temperature at 50
to 70 km/hr air-speed.

Fan Cooling
Fan cooling is used in larger air-cooled engines, particularly on cars. A fan, having two or
four blades, is driven either at engine speed or twice the engines speed, and the air-flow
is directed in the cylinder heads. The cooling depends chiefly upon the engine speed and
not upon the forward speed of the car. The fan usually absorbs about H.P. for every 15 to
20 H.P. output.
In the case of small single cylinder engines, an excellent arrangement of fan cooling is
that a fan of about flywheel diameter. The fan is mounted on the main shaft and 
enclosed in a metal casing. So arranged that the air is drawn in at the centre and expelled
peripherally through a belt mounted duct directing it on to the exhaust side of the
cylinder.

Onshore Mud Cooling - Well Temperature Control

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Ad

In small air-cooled engines, the blower type fan works quite well, if suitable guides and
ducts are provided for the air streams. The system is also used for the larger engine. The
cooling system on the suction side of the fan, a more satisfactory cooling effect is
obtained. Sometimes, the flywheel itself is tightened to function as a cooling fan. And the
air is discharged backwards through it, after having been drawn past the cylinder barrels.

In fiat and Corvair engines, the quality of cooling air is regulated thermostatically. When
the temperature of the air discharged from the cylinder increase above the normal value,
the thermostat actuates a larger valve, or disc in the air outlet duct to allow a greater
quality of air to flow.

Example Of Air Cooling System in Engines

At present, air cooling is used on engines ex. like scooters, motorcycles, aeroplanes,
combat tanks, small stationary installations. And in many models of an American rear-
engine car. In Germany, air cooling is used in some petrol and C.I. engines including 2, 4
and 8 cylinder models.

A good example of the modern air-cooled type is the Krupp four-cylinder opposed
compression ignition engine. This has a cooling fan fitted at the front end and is driven
by the engine. It forced the cooling air through a casing around the front end of the
crankcase and hence to the horizontal cylinder barrels which are ribbed and enclosed in
a rectangular casing.

Another more recent example is the Krupp eight cylinder V-type petrol engine, Which has
a very similar cooling arrangement.

The Volkswagon, Dutch D.A.F. Citroen-two-cylinder opposed. Chevrolet Corvair six-

cylinder horizontally opposed, fiat 500D, two cylinders in line. And N.S.U. two cylinders
are the example of modern air-cooled engines.

That’s it

Thanks for reading.

If you have any doubt or any questions about air cooling system tell us in the comments.
If you need help contact us. Share this article with your friends if you find this helpful.

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Saif M
Saif M. is a Mechanical Engineer by profession. He completed his engineering studies in 2014 and is currently
working in a large firm as Mechanical Engineer. He is also an author and editor at theengineerspost.com

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