HYDRAULI

CDESI
GNOFOI
LYWATERSEPARATOR

Cal
c.by
:Engr
.Fr
ankl
ynOr
ode

Desi
gnCr
it
eri
a

API(
1990)st
atedt
hatconv
ent
ionaloi
l
-wat
ersepar
ator
sar
edesi
gnedbasedon

t
hedesi
gncr
it
eri
asummar
izedasf
oll
ows:

Desi
gnPar
amet
ers

1.Thespeci
fi
cgr
avi
tyofdi
esel
fuel
oil
rangesf
rom 0.
81t
o0.
96,
adopt0.
9

2.
Peakf
lowr
at 5m3/
eof1. minadopt
ed

3.Oi
lConcent
rat
ion150mg/
ladopt
ed;
SGofwast
ewat
er=0.
992,
SGofoi
l=0.
9,
4.
vi
scosi
tyofwast
ewat
er=0.
00091Pa.
s,

5.di
amet
erofoi
ldr
opl
et=150mi
crons

Cal
cul
ati
ngoi
ldr
opl
etr
iser
ate,

Theoi
ldr
opl
etr
iser
atecanbecal
cul
atedf
rom Equat
ion(S1)(API,
1990

Put
ti
ngv
aluesi
nEquat
ion(
S1)
:

2
v
t=9.
8x(
992-
900)
(0.
00015)/(
18x0.
00091)

=0.
0012385m/
s=0.
07431m/
min

Cal
cul
ati
ngr
esi
dence(
ret
ent
ion)t
ime,
t

The r
esi
dence (
ret
ent
ion)t
ime,
tisgi
ven byEquat
ion (
S2)(
Cit
yofTacoma

St
ormwat
erManagementManual
,2016)
.
Assumi
ngdept
hofsepar
ator
,D=2m

Put
ti
ngv
aluesi
nEquat
ion(
S2)
:

t
=2/
0.07431=26.
9mi
ns.

STEP3:
Cal
cul
ati
ngt
hedesi
gnv
olume,
Voft
hesepar
ator
,

Thev
olume,V oft
hesepar
atori
sgi
venbyEquat
ion(
S3)(
Cit
yofTacoma

St
ormwat
erManagementManual
,2016)
:

Wher
e,V=v
olumeofsepar
at nm3;=peakwast
ori ewat
erf
low r
at nm3/
ei min;

andt=r
esi
dence(
ret
ent
ion)t
imei
nmi
nut
es

Put
ti
ngv
aluesi
nEquat
ion(
S3)
:

V=1.
5x26. 35m3
9=40.

Separ
atorv
ol 35m3i
umeof40. srequi
redf
ort
het
reat
ment
.

STEP4:Cal
cul
ati
ngoi
lsepar
ati
onef
fi
ciency
,Er
equi
redbyl
aw

Assumer
egul
ator
yef
fl
uentoi
ll
imi
t=12mg/
l

Theoi
lsepar
ati
onef
fi
ci
ency
,Ecanbecal
cul
atedf
rom Equat
ion(
S4)(
Met
cal
f&

Eddy
,2004)
.
Wher
e,E=Oi
lsepar
ati
onef
fi
ciencyi
nfr
act
ion.Mul
ti
plyby100t
oconv
ertt
o

per
cent
age(
ifneedbe)
;Qi=peakwast
ewat
erf
lowr
at nm3/
ei min;Q0 =out
fl
ow

(
eff
luent
)rat
einm3/
min;
Ci=oi
lconcent
rat
ioni
nthewast
ewat
eri m3and
nkg/

C0=r
egul
ator
yef
fl
uentoi
lli
mitoft
hecount
ryofi
nter
estordesi
redef
fl
uentoi
l

concent
rat
ioni m3.
nkg/

Assumi
ng5% r
educt
ioni
nfl
ow r
ateast
hewast
ewat
erf
lowst
hrought
he

separ
ator
,ef
fl
uentf
lowr
ate,canbecal
cul
atedf
rom Equat
ion(
S5)
:

Put
ti
ngv
aluesi
nEquat
ion(
S5)
:

Q0=1.
5-0.
05(
1. 425m3/
5)=1. min

Regul
ator
yef
fl
uentoi
ll
imi
t=12mg/
l=0. m3
012kg/

Oi
lconcent
rat
ion=150mg/
l=0. m3
15kg/

Put
ti
ngv
aluesi
nEquat
ion(
S4)
:
E=(
0.15x1.
5-0.
012x1.
425)
/(0.
15x1.
5)=92.
4%

Desi
gnoi
lsepar
ati
onef
fi
ciency
,E=92.
4%

STEP5:
Cal
cul
ati
ngt
hewi
dth,
W oft
hesepar
ator

Ref
err
ing t
o Tabl
e S1 wi
tht
he desi
gn v
ol 35m3 and appl
ume of40. yi
ng

i
nter
pol
ati
on,
thecor
respondi
ngwi
dth,

W=2.
2m.

Thesepar
atorwi
dth(
W)of2.
25m sat
isf
iedt
heAPIcondi
ti
ont
hatwi
dthshoul
d

bei
nther
angeof1.
8288met
re(
6feet
)to6.
096met
re(
20f
eet
).
Thewi
dthv
alue

of2.
25m.Al
sobyappl
yi
ngi
nter
pol
ati
on,

Dept
h=2.
2x0.
5=1.
1m
gi
vi
ngadept
h-t
o-wi
dthr
ati
oof0.
5thussat
isf
yingt
heAPIcondi
ti
ont
hatdept
h-

t
o-wi
dthr
ati
oshoul
drangef
rom 0.
3to0.
5.

STEP6:
Cal
cul
ati
nghor
izont
alv
eloci
ty,

Thehor
izont
alv
eloci
ty,
canbecal
cul
atedf
rom Equat
ion(
S6)(
Cit
yofTacoma

St
ormwat
erManagementManual
,2016)
:

Put
ti
ngv
aluesi
nEquat
ion(
S6)
:

VH =1.
5/(
1.1x2.
2)=0.
6198m/
min

Thecal
cul
atedhor
izont
alv
eloci
ty,
VH of0.
6198m/
minsat
isf
iedt
heAPIcondi
ti
on

whi
ch st
ates t
hathor
izont
alv
eloci
tyshoul
d be l
ess t
han orequalt
o API

maxi
mum hor
izont
alv
eloci
tyof0.
9144m/
min.

STEP7:
Cal
cul
ati
ngaspectr
ati
o,Roft
hesepar
ator

Theaspectr
ati
ocanbecal
cul
atedf
rom t
heaspectr
ati
omodel
,Equat
ion(
S7)
:

ButE=0.
924and1–E=0.
076

Put
ti
ngv
aluesi
nEquat
ion(
S7)
:

R=(
40.
35x1.
5x0.
15x0.
076)
/(1.
425x0. 22x1.
012x2. 1)
=7.
58

STEP8:Cal
cul
ati
ngt
hei
nit
ial
lengt
hoft
hesepar
ator

Agunwamba (
2000)st
ated t
hataspectr
ati
o can al
so be cal
cul
ated f
rom

Equat
ion

Aspectr
ati
o,R=7.
58

Put
ti
ngv
aluesi
nEquat
ion(
S8)andsol
vi
ngf
orl
engt
h,L:

I
nit
ial
lengt
hofsepar
ator=7.
58x2.
2=16.
676m

STEP 9:Cal
cul
ati
ng t
he desi
gn l
engt
h oft
he separ
ator(
compensat
ing f
or

t
urbul
enceandshor
t-
cir
cui
ti
ng)
VH/
Vt=0.
6198/
0.07431=8.
34

Fr
om t
heAPIt
urbul
enceandshor
t-
cir
cui
ti
ngf
act
orv
ersus/gr
aphi
nFi
gur
eS1,

t
het
urbul
enceandshor
t-ci
rcui
ti
ngf
act
or,
F=1.
46
Desi
gnl
engt
hoft
hesepar
atorcanbecal
cul
atedf
rom Equat
ion(
S9)(
API
,1990)
:

Desi
gnl
engt
hoft
hesepar
ator=i
nit
ial
lengt
hxF

Desi
gnl
engt
hoft
hesepar
ator=16.
676x1.
46=24.
3m

APIst
andar
dst
atest
hataspectr
ati
o(L/
W)shoul
dbeequal
toorgr
eat
ert
han5.

Checki
ngt
heL/
Wrat
io:

24.
3/2.
2=11

Thel
engt
handt
hewi
dthoft
hesepar
atorsat
isf
iedt
heAPIaspectr
ati
ocondi
ti
on.

Lengt
hofOWSAdopt
ed=8.
8m

Wi
dthofOWSadopt
ed=3.
6m

Dept
hofOWSadopt
ed=1.
4m

Thesi
zeadopt
edf
ort
heOWSwasasar
esul
toft
hespaceav
ail
abl
efori
ts

const
ruct
ion.I
tmetal
laspectoft
heAPIr
equi
rement
sexceptont
heaspectr
ati
o

whi
chi
slesst
han5.