Maturi Venkata Subba Rao (MVSR) Engineering College, Nadergul, Hyderabad

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Continuous Internal Evaluation - II (Solutions)
Subject: Mechanics of Materials (PC 231 ME) Branch: B.E IV Sem - Mech-I & II
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Part-A
1) A spherical balloon with an outer diameter of 500 mm and thickness 0.3 mm is filled
with a gas. Evaluate maximum permissible pressure in the balloon if the allowable
normal strain at the outer surface of the balloon is 0.1. Assume E = 4 MPa and  = 0.45.
Solution:
Given Data:
Outer diameter D = 500mm; Thickness t = 0.3mm;
Inner diameter of balloon d = 500 - 2x0.3 = 499.4mm;
Normal Strain ε x =0.1; Elastic Modulus E = 4MPa; Poissons Ratio  = 0.45.
We know that Maximum normal strain for spherical shells is
Pd
ε x= ¿
4 tE
Then
Pressure P = 1.74755 x 10-3 MPa = 1747.55 Pa.

Part-B
4) A cast iron post of 60mm in diameter is subjected to an inclined load as shown in
figure. At point H, determine (a) combined normal stress, and (b) combined shearing
stress.
Solution:
Resolve the componets along Z-direction and Y-
direction:
125
tanθ= =0.4166
300
Then
θ=22.62°

Then the laod acting along Z-direction is

13 sin 22.62=5 kN

and, load acting along Y-direction is

13 cos 22.62=12 kN

Since, 12kN load causes compresive stress at H with

axial and bending effect, and 5kN load causes
bending stress and torsional stress at H due to twisting effect.

So,

Stresses due to Y-direction laod

 Direct stress at H due to 12kN load

P 12 ×103
σ axial|H = = =4.244 MPa(Compressive)
A π 2
60
4

Bending stress at H due to 12kN load

( 12× 103 ×150 ) × 60

My 2
σ bending|H = = =84.88 MPa (Compressive)
I π
60 4
64

Total Normal stress at H

σ N|H =σ axial|H + σ bending|H =4.244 +84.88=89.124 MPa(Compressive)

Stresses due to Z-direction laod

Toorsional shear stress at H due to 5kN load

( 5 ×10 3 ×150 ) × 60
Tr 2
τ= = =17.68 MPa
J π
60 4
32

Bending stress at H due to 5kN load = 0 as it lies on neutral axis.

So,

Resultant normal stress at H

σ 1 −89.124 1
σ Resultant Normal|H = + √ σ 2 + 4 τ 2= + √ (−89.124 )2+ 4 ( 17.168 )2=3.188 MPa(Tensile)
2 2 2 2

1 2 1
τ Resultant Shear|H = √ σ + 4 τ 2= √ (−89.124 )2 +4 ( 17.168 )2=47.75 MPa
2 2

5)The drive shaft for a truck (outer diameter 60 mm and inner diameter 40 mm) is running
at 2500 rpm (see figure).
(a) If the shaft transmits 150 kW, estimate the maximum shear stress in the shaft?
(b) If the allowable shear stress is 30 MPa, estimate maximum power that can be
transmitted?
Solution:
Given Data:
do = 60mm; di =40mm;
Speed N = 2500rpm;
Part - I:
Power P = 150 kW
 2 πNT
P=
60
2 π × 2500 ×T
150 ×106 =
60
Then T = 5,73,248.407 N-mm

From torsion equation

60
5,73,248.407 ×
Tr 2
τ= = =16.84 MPa
J π
( 60 4−404 )
32
Part - II:
If τ =30 MPa
From torsion equation
60
T×
Tr 2
τ= = =30 MPa
J π
( 60 4−404 )
32
Then T = 1021017.61 N-mm = 1021.017 N-m

Then power transmission

2 πNT
P=
60
2 π × 2500× 1021.017
P= =267301.62 watts=267.3 k W
60

6) Estimate (a) slope at A and B of the given beam (b) location of maximum deflection (c)
magnitude of maximum deflection. Take E = 200kN/mm2 and I = 6.50 x 108 mm4.

Solution:

From equilibrium equations

∑ F V =0

kN
(
R A + R B =50 kN +40 kN + 10
m )
×3 m =120 kN

Take moments with respect to point A

∑ M A =0
R B × 7=( 40 ×2 ) + ( 50 × 4 ) + ( 10 ×3 ×5.5 )=445
R B=63.57 kN ∧R A =56.43 kN

Bending moment at section X-X is

(
M X− X =56.43 x−40 ( x−2 ) −50 ( x −4 )− 10 ( x−4 ) ( x−4
2 ))

M X− X =56.43 x−40 ( x−2 ) −50 ( x −4 )−5 ( x−4 )2

From deflection equation

d2 y 2
EI 2
=M =56.43 x−40 ( x−2 )−50 ( x−4 )−5 ( x−4 )
dx

On first integration
2 2 3
dy x2 ( x −2 ) ( x−4 ) ( x−4 )
EI =56.43 −40 −50 −5 +C1
dx 2 2 2 3

On further integration
3 3 4
x3 ( x−2 ) ( x −4 ) ( x−4 )
EIy=56.43 −40 −50 −5 +C 1 x +C2
6 6 6 12

By applying boundary conditions; i.e at x = 0, y=0

( 0 )3 ( 0 )3 ( 0 )3 ( 0 )4
EI (0)=56.43 −40 −50 −5 +C1 (0)+C 2
6 6 6 12

Then,

C 2=0

And at x = 7m, y = 0

( 7 )3 ( 7−2 )3 ( 7−2 )3 ( 7−4 )4

EI ( 0 )=56.43 −40 −50 −5 +C1 7+0
6 6 6 12

C 1=−304.83

Hence the slope and deflections are

2 2 3
dy x2 ( x −2 ) ( x−4 ) ( x−4 )
EI =56.43 −40 −50 −5 −304.83
dx 2 2 2 3

And
3 3 4
x3 ( x−2 ) ( x −4 ) ( x−4 )
EIy=56.43 −40 −50 −5 −304.83 x
6 6 6 12

For Slope at A; substitute x = 0m in slope equation

 2 2 2 3
dy (0 ) ( x−2 ) ( x−4 ) ( x−4 )
EI =56.43 −40 −50 −5 −304.83
dx 2 2 2 3

dy −−304.83 −304.83
θA= = = ×1000 2=−0.00234 rad
dx EI 200 × 6.50× 10 8

For slope at B; substitute x = 7m in slope equation

2 2 2 3
dy (7 ) ( 7−2 ) ( 7−4 ) ( 7−4 )
EI =56.43 −40 −50 −5 −304.83
dx 2 2 2 3

dy 307.705
θ B= = × 10002=0.002366 rad
dx 200× 6.50 ×10 8

For maximum deflection: maximum deflection occurs at a section where the slope is zero,
assuming the deflection is to be maximum between C and D and equating the slope
equation to zero.
2 2 3
x2 ( x−2 ) ( x−4 ) ( x−4 )
56.43 −40 −50 −5 −304.83=0
2 2 2 3
2
x2 ( x−2 )
56.43 −40 −304.83=0
2 2

28.215 x 2−20 ( x−2 )2−304.83=0

28.215 x 2−20 x2 −80+80 x−304.83=0

8.215 x 2+100 x−384.83=0

By solving above equation x = 3.53, (This is less than 4m hence our assumption about the
position of the section for maximum deflection is correct)

Substitute x = 3.53m for maximum deflection in deflection equation

3 3 4
3.533 ( 3.53−2 ) ( 3.53−2 ) ( x−4 )
EI y max =56.43 −40 −50 −5 −304.83(3.53)
6 6 6 12

−686.229
y max = 8
10003 =−5.278 mm
200× 6.50 ×10

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Solutions Prepared By: B. Ravi Kumar, Asst.Prof & A. Syam Prasad, Asst.Prof, Dept. of ME, MVSREC,
Hyd.