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Sample Question
Sample Question
1. The Philippine Elementary School Curriculum gives greater emphasis on the development of basic
skills like reading, writing, and arithmetic. What is the philosophical basis for this?
A. Pragmatism C. Essentialism
B. Perennialism D. Existentialism
instrumentalism, functionalism, and practicalism and their curricular offerings imply a wide range of
subject areas.
Pereninialism- is a traditional educational theory that puts premium on eternal truth as contained in the
"Great Books".
Existentialism - personalizes knowledge to the individual. The person chooses the knowledge that he
deems is relevant to his process of becoming to realize his essence.
2. Teacher H asks one of her students, “What do you want to become when you grow up?” This
B. Naturalism D. Idealism
RATIONALIZATION: D - Idealism. Idealism is the answer because it stresses the existence of ideas
independent from the material world. Ideas that which exist in the mind are the only reality.
3. Teacher X has not only explained the concept of Philosophy of Education but also imparted this to her
students. This demonstrates what kind of philosophy?
A. Naturalism C. Realism
B. Idealism D. Perennialism
RATIONALIZATION: C - Realism. Realism concerns with what is real, actual. For ideas to be realized, they
must be transferred or demonstrated.
4. In his class, Teacher M always presents principles and values so as to encourage his students to
examine them and decide for themselves whether to accept them or not. What kind of philosophy does
he practice?
A. Idealism C. Humanism
B. Essentialism D. Existentialism
5. When a teacher emphasizes that man’s sense should be trusted because they are the only
B. Realist D. Pragmatist
RATIONALIZATION: C -Empiricism. Empiricism upholds that the only source of knowledge is the senses
and sense-based experience.
6. Teacher K views her pupils as unique, free choosing, and responsible individuals. She plans activities
where the pupil can develop his unique personality. What theory underlies this nature of the pupil?
A. Realism C. Existentialism
B. Essentialism D. Progressivism
B. Reconstructivist D. Empiricist
8. Teacher U teaches to his pupils that pleasure is not the highest good. Teacher's teaching is against
what philosophy?
A. Realism C. Epicureanism
B. Hedonism D. Empiricism
9. After listening to the homily of the Priest about fidelity, Catherine has a moment of reflection. Her
understanding of the value of fidelity has become deeper as she related this to her past experience. This
typifies what kind of philosophy?
A. Constructivism C. Humanism
B. Reconstructivism D. Existentialism
A. Perennialism C. Essentialism
B. Progressivism D. Naturalism
11. Thea listened to the advice given by her sister to end the relationship that she has with Gilbert.
However, her sister learned that the advice she has given was not followed and Thea decided to
continue the relationship. This action of Thea is a manifestation of what kind of philosophy?
A. Essentialism C. Perennialism
B. Existentialism D. Humanism
12. After finishing the degree in Education, Teacher M learns that learning never stops. In fact, she
accumulates more knowledge after leaving the portal of her alma mater. This typifies what kind of
philosophy?
A. Constructivism C. Progressivism
B. Perennialism D. Humanism
13. Matilda is an advocate of the principle “making the most of your life”. She is indeed an
B. Perennialism D. Existentialism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Humanism. Humanism is a philosophy that stresses to “live life to the fullest”.
14. Teacher X is a very dedicated teacher in the nursery. Her foremost concern is for students to learn
how to adapt themselves in the environment. This shows that Teacher X upholds what kind of
philosophy?
A. Naturalism C. Progressivism
B. Pragmatism D. Rationalism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Naturalism. Naturalism aims to unfold the child’s potential, not to prepare him for
a definite vocation or social position but to prepare him to adapt to the changing times and needs.
15. Teacher J serves as an inspiration to his students because of his efficiency and effectiveness as a
teacher. The mind set of his students towards him/her is an instance of what kind of philosophy?
A. Realism C. Nationalism
B. Idealism D. Constructivism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Idealism. Idealism is a philosophy which asserts that what’s in the mind is the only
reality. In this situation, the teacher inspires his/her students through the values that he/she possessed.
Values are absolute are told to belong in realm of ideas. Hence, these are considered as ideas that exist
only in the mind.
16. John learns well through active interplay with others. His learning increases when engaged in
activities that has meaning in him. Which philosophy can describe this?
A. Progressivism C. Realism
B. Idealism D. Empiricism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Progressivism. Progressivism is a philosophy of hands of learning or experiential
learning. “Learning by doing”. Learning is based from the questions of one’s experience of the world.
Hence, it is the learner himself who thinks, solves, and gives meaning through his individual
experiences.
17. Your teacher is of the opinion that the world and everything in it are ever changing and so teaches
you the skill to cope with the changes. Which in his governing philosophy?
A. Experimentalism C. Idealism
B. Existentialism D. Realism
18. Principal C shares this thought with his teachers: "Subject matter should help students understand
and appreciate themselves as unique individuals who accept complete responsibility for their thoughts,
feelings, and actions." From which philosophy is this thought
based? / Teacher V teaches her students to appreciate themselves as unique individuals and are
to accept the responsibility to their feelings, actions and thoughts. She upholds the philosophy of
A. Perennialism C. Existentialism
B. Essentialism D. Progressivism
A. Realism C. Progressivism
B. Idealism D. Existentialism
things. It involves participation of the students and allows them to exercise freedom.
20. In the Social Science class of Teacher G, students identify the various social and economic problems
that require urgent solutions. They not only discuss the ways to address it but also agreed to participate
in solving them. What kind of philosophy does this class uphold?
A. Naturalism C. Progressivism
B. Constructivism D. Reconstructivism
21. A curriculum should only include those that have survived the test of time and combine the symbols
of literature, history, and mathematics. Thus, curriculum like this contains values that are constant and
universal. What philosophy describes this kind of curriculum?
A. Idealism C. Humanism
B. Perennialism D. Essentialism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Perennialism. Perennialism maintains that education involves confronting the
problems and questions that have challenged people over the centuries. Thus there is a need to study
classical tradition of great books.
22. Who among the following puts more emphasis on core requirements, longer school day, longer
academic year and more challenging textbooks?
A. Perennialist C. Progressivist
B. Essentialist D. Existentialist
B. Education takes place anytime and anywhere. C. Education happens formally and informally.
24. Mr. Cruz exemplifies an ideal teacher and son. He is competent in his field based on the various
recognitions that he received from his school. As a dutiful son, he assumes all the responsibilities of
raising his family (this includes his parents, siblings, and their own families) – giving all their needs and
wants. The fulfilment of these is the neglect of the responsibilities to himself. This attitude of Mr. Cruz is
against what kind of philosophy?
A. Existentialism C. Pragmatism
B. Constructivism D. Humanism
25. Teacher R ensures to put a certain amount of his monthly earnings in the bank. At the end of the
school year, he used all his savings in visiting places rich of cultural heritages rather than of buying
expensive clothes, jewellery, and latest gadgets. Favoring the former action over the latter exhibits that
Teacher R follows what kind of philosophy?
A. Existentialism C. Behaviorism
B. Essentialism D. Progressivism
26. Teacher R ensures to put a certain amount of his monthly earnings in the bank. At the end of the
school year, he used all his savings in visiting places rich of cultural heritages rather than of buying
expensive clothes, jewellery, and latest gadgets. This shows that Teacher R is an advocate of what kind
of philosophy?
A. Pragmatism C. Naturalism
B. Perennialism D. Essentialism
A. Realism C. Idealism
B. Reconstructivism D. Existentialism
28. In line with the philosophy of Reconstructivism, which of the following should be given emphasis in
teaching?
29. Joining organizations or clubs in school is requisite to granting of academic distinction under DECS
Order No. 65, s. 1998. This shows school community connection reflected in activities geared towards
society's needs. What philosophy is related to this? / Activities planned by
school clubs or organizations show school-community connection geared towards society's needs. What
philosophy is related to this?
A. Realism C. Existentialism
B. Progressivism D. Reconstructivism
RATIONALIZATION: D. Reconstructivism. Reconstructivism aims to achieve social changes. This is a
philosophy that entails the identification of social problems, finding solutions for this and be a part of
the solution.
30. Increase of time allotment in English, Math and Science in the Elementary level under the New
Elementary School Curriculum (NESC) as provided in DECS Order No. 1, s. 1993 contributes in the
culturation of basic literacy by providing the needed essential skills. The related philosophy is .
A. Realism C. Idealism
B. Essentialism D. Perennialism
31. Teacher A believes that the learner is the product of his environment. Sometimes he has no choice.
He/she is determined by his environment.
A. Rationalist C. Existentialist
B. Behaviorist D. Progressivist
RATIONALIZATION: B. Behaviorist. A behaviourist believes that human behaviour can be best explained
in terms of responses to external stimuli. Also, education can be best achieved by modifying or changing
student behaviours in a socially acceptable manner through the arrangement of the conditions for
learning. The control is obtained not by manipulating the individual, but the environment.
32. The curriculum is viewed as a means of developing desirable habits. It is recommended that the
way /means to form these habits is through the mastery of organized subject matter. Which philosophy
is behind this educational view?
A. Naturalism C. Realism
B. Idealism D. Pragmatism
RATIONALIZATION: C. Realism. This educative process is viewed mainly as the transmission of
information and knowledge. The curriculum has the function of forming the body and this
interrelationship gives rise to the dictum "sound mind in a sound body."
33. Teachers in school perform the role and responsibility of parents in the development and education
of the child. This stems from the belief that the home is the primary agency in the education of the
individual. Thus, teachers are regarded as surrogate parents along the loco parentis principle. Which
philosophy espouses this view of education?
A. Pragmatism C. Idealism
B. Naturalism D. Realism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Naturalism - the school is seen as the extension of home and teachers are
deemed "surrogate parents".
34. This philosophy believes that students need a passionate encounter with the positive and negative
phases of life like the joy and agony of love, desirability of life, the inevitability of death, the anguish of
freedom and the consequences of choices and actions. Which philosophy advocates this view in
education?
A. Existentialism C. Essentialism
B. Perennialism D. Realism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Existentialism - it is a modern school of thought that grew out of the thoughts of
European philosophers , particularly from Soren Kierkegaard, who believes that the central problem
humanity is facing is the ability to cope with its existence.