DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF SOLAR PELTIER AIR

COOLER CUM HEATER

ABSTRACT
Our project deals with the design and the fabrication of the solar air cooler

cum heater.This paper outlines the implementation of photovoltaic driven air

cooling cum heating system powered from solar panels with a battery bank.

Different from conventional refrigeration systems, thermoelectric refrigeration,

based on the Peltier effect, does not require any compressor, expansion valves,

absorbers, condensers or solution pumps. Moreover, it does not require working

fluids or any moving parts, which is friendly to the environment and results in an

increase in reliability. It simply uses electrons rather than refrigerants as a heat

carrier.

Nowadays, thermoelectric refrigeration devices have a distinct place in

medical applications, electronic applications, scientific equipment and other

applications, where a high-precision temperaturecontrol is essential. The parts of

our project are designed and assembled using the Creo software and finally the

fabrication has been carried out.

INTRODUCTION

The field of mechanical engineering has a theme word called “CHANGE” as

its backbone. The new technological advancements and the needs of people have

made us think about this project. Our project is maiden venture into the field of air

temperature controlling and also deals with human comfort.

Thermoelectric couples are solid-state devices capable of generating

electrical power from a temperature gradient, known as the Seebeck effect, or

converting electrical energy into a temperature gradient, known as the Peltier

effect.

A typical thermoelectric module is composed of two ceramic substrates that

serve as a housing and electrical insulation for P-type and N-type (typically

Bismuth Telluride) elements between the substrates. Heat is absorbed at the cold

junction by electrons as they pass from a low energy level in the p-type element, to

a higher energy level in the n-type element. At the hot junction, energy is expelled

to a thermal sink as electrons move from a high energy element to a lower energy
element. A module contains several P-N couples that are connected electrically in

series and thermally in parallel.

COMPONENTS AND DESCRIPTION

The major parts that are effectively employed in the design and the

fabrication of the solar peltier air cooler cum heaterare described below:

 Battery,

 DC blower,

 Solar panel,

 Thermo electric zip cooler.

WORKING PRINCIPLE

The source for our solar peltier air cooler cum heater system is renewable

energy resource, here PV cells, are used. The power from the solar panel is

given to the batteries. From batteries the power is delivered to peltier modules,

connected in parallel each attached to their respective heat sinks. Once the

module gets the supply, it starts functioning (either cooling or heating according
to its respective mode).The battery also supplies power to the DC fan or the

blower.

In the cooling mode, the module is supplied with the power that is generated

from the solar panelstill the temperature reaches minimum temperature and it

maintains the same(once the temperature rises from the minimum temperature it

restores the supply).

For heating process, the supply given to the modules are reversed.Once the

terminals are reversed, the heating process starts. During heating, the module

works till the temperature reaches maximum point and it maintains the same

(once the temperature falls below the maximum point the supply is restored)

such that the temperature is maintained inside the cabinet.

 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

ADVANTAGES

 Simple in construction

 This system is noiseless in operation

 It is portable, so it can be transferred easily from one place to other place

 Its operate in battery

 Maintenance cost is low

 Easy to fabricate.

 Air cooling and heating can be done with a single system.

  Solar energy serves best as an alternative method of power source.

 Less power consumption.

DISADVANTAGES

 It does not purify air

 Initial cost is high

 Solar panel does not deliver maximum power all the time

APPLICATIONS

These types of solar air cooler cum heaters have a wide range of applications

in the fields like,

 Home

 Industries

 Meeting hall

 Seminar hall

 By adding control circuit, we can maintain the room temperature at required

level.