FLUID MECHANICS 963.

Which of the following most

nearly gives the pressure reading at
Properties of Fluid C?
Fluid Density, Unite weight and a. 72.95 kPa b. 72.26 kPa
specific volume c. 71.43 kPa d. 72.61 kPa
Situation 30: A 325 L of carbon Manometry
tetrachloride weighs 500 kg. Situation 32: A piezometer column
958. Which of the following most mercury manometer and a pressure
nearly given its density? gage are connected to a tank of water.
a. 1.850.60 kg/m3 The top of the water is pressured air.
b. 2,010.29 kg/m3 See figure:
c. 1,538.46 kg/m3
d. 1,774.32 kg/m3
959. Which of the following most
nearly gives its specific weight?
a. 19.72 kN/m3 Air
b. 15.09 kN/m3
c. 17.41 kN/m3 Water
d. 18.15 kN/m3 4m
960. Which of the following most A
nearly gives its specific gravity?
a. 1.54 b. 1.77 1m
c. 1.85 d. 2.01
Hydrostatic Pressure
Situation 31: A closed tank with
pressure gages tapped into it at three Mercury
different elevations contains air, oil
and water as shown in the figure 964. If the pressure at A is 85 kPa,
how high will the water rise in the
0.50 m Air piezometer column at the left?
50 kPa
a. 4.00 m b. 6.23 m
A
c. 5.52 m d. 8.66 m
1m
Oil 965. Which of the following nearly
gives the reading in the pressure
58.53 kPa
0.50 m B
gage?
a. 37.72 kPa b. 35.23 kPa
1m c. 45.76 kPa d. 39.24 kPa
Water 966. Which of the following most
nearly gives the mercury in the
C
manometer?
961. Which of the following most a. 0.71 m b. 0.60 m
nearly gives the specific weight of the c. 0.52 m d. 0.45 m
oil? Hydrostatic Force
a. 7.83 kN/m3 Hydrostatic Force on Plane Surface
b. 8.53 kN/m3 Situation 33: A rectangular gate 1.50
c. 6.18 kN/m3 m wide and 4 m high supports oil (S =
d. 9.23 kN/m3 0.80 whose liquid surface is exposed
962. Which of the following most to a constant pressure of -10 kPa as
nearly gives the specific gravity of the shown in the figure. The top of the
oil? gate is hinged and the bottom is kept
a. 0.94 b. 0.63 closed by a stop.
c. 0.87 d. 0.80

Hinge
P = -10 kPa
Oil
4m
Stop
967. Which of the following most
nearly gives the total hydrostatic
pressure acting on the gate?
a. 54.67 kN b. 34.18 kN
c. 43.58 kN d. 57.72 kN
968. Which of the following most
nearly gives the distance of the total
hydrostatic pressure measured from
the hinge?
a. 3.84 m b. 2.13 m
c. 2.85 m d. 3.25 m
969. Which of the following most
nearly gives the reaction at the stop?
a. 46.25 kN b. 38.61 kN
c. 41.50 kN d. 32.78 kN
Situation 34: In the figure,
rectangular flashboard MN shown in
cross section (a = 5.40 m) is provided
at B.
M
a B
N 974. Which of the following most
970. Which of the following most
nearly gives the maximum height f B
above N if the flashboard is on the
verge of tipping when the water
surface rises to M?
a. 1.80 m b. 1.50 m
c. 1.70 m d. 1.60 m
971. If the flashboard is pivoted at the
location determined above and the
water surface is 1 m below M. which of
the following most nearly gives the
horizontal reaction at B?
a. 86.25 kN/m b. 77.39 kN/m
c. 62.30 kN/m d. 95.12 kN/m
972. Which of the following most
nearly gives the reaction at N?
a. 15.23 kN/m b. 19.75 kN/m
c. 16.12 kN/m d. 17.59 kN/m
Hydrostatic Force on Curved
Surface
Situation 35: In the figure, surface
AB is a quarter arc with radius of 2 m
and a width of 1 m. The fluid above
surface AB is water at a depth of 2 m
and above the water is oil of depth 4
m. Atmospheric pressure prevails on
the free surface of oil and on the
bottom side of surface AB.
Oil (S = 0.80)
4m
B
2m
Water
A
973. Which of the following most
nearly gives the horizontal component
of the total hydrostatic pressure acting
on surface AB?
a. 82.40 kN b. 109.32 kN
c. 78.58 kN d. 98.14 kN
nearly gives the vertical component of
the total hydrostatic acting on surface
AB?
a. 78.57 kN b. 93.60 kN
c. 76.69 kN d. 91.55 kN
975. Which of the following most
nearly gives the total hydrostatic
pressure acting on surface AB?
a. 120.65 kN b. 133.54 kN
c. 125.72 kN d. 124.70 kN
Buoyancy
Situation 36: An object 75 N when
submerged in oil (S = 0.80) and a
force of 100 N is required to hold it
submerged in mercury.
976. Which of the following most
nearly gives the weight of the object?
a. 85.94 N b. 72.13 N
c. 95.06 N d. 64.79 N
977. Which of the following most
nearly gives the volume of the object?
a. 0.00125 m3 b. 0.00139 m3
c. 0.00096 m3 d. 0.00214 m3
978. Which of the following most
nearly give the specific gravity of the
object?
a. 5.21 b. 6.29
c. 6.62 d. 7.16
Situation 37: A solid of diameter 1m
and average mass density of 780
kg/m3 is completely submerged in a
tank filled with water. It is held is
place by a string attached to the
bottom of the tank, as shown. The
mass distribution inside the sphere is
non-uniform, so the center of mass
lies at a distance 0.50R from the
geometric center. Suppose that the
sphere is attached rigidly to massless
horizontal rod of length 0.75 m and
negligible volume oriented along the
line formed by the center of mass and
the geometric center of the sphere, as
shown. The rod is attached on the side
of the sphere nearer the center of
mass, and the far end of the rod is
attached to a fixed pivot.
CM
R
0.75 m
T the tank are held by hoops.
979. Which of the following most
nearly gives the force acting on the
sphere?
a. 6.12 kN b. 5.14 kN
c. 7.05 kN d. 4.97 kN
980. Which of the following most
nearly gives the tension T that is
needed to hold the sphere in place?
a. 1.93 kN b. 3.15 kN
c. 2.08 kN d. 2.46 kN
981. Which of the following most
nearly gives the reaction on the pivot?
a. 1.05 kN b. 1.20 kN
c. 0.75 kN d. 0.80 kN
Hydraulic Dam
Situation 38: The vertical face of a
trapezoidal concrete dam (S = 2.40)
supports water to a depth of 16 m.
Uplift pressure at the base of the dam
varies from full hydrostatic pressure at
the heel to zero at the toe. The total
height of the dam is 18 m. Upper base
width is 1.50 m, and the bottom base
width is unknown.
982. Which of the following most
nearly gives the minimum safe bottom
base of the dam if the factor of safety
against overturning is 1.60?
a. 13.15 m b. 12.03 m
c. 11.06 m d. 10.40 m
983. Which of the following most
nearly gives the factor safety against
sliding if the coefficient of friction
between the soil and the base of the
dam is 0.75 using the calculated base
in the previous question?
a. 1.15 b. 1.25
c. 1.05 d. 1.00
984. Which of the following most
nearly gives the maximum stress that
is likely to occur at the toe of the
dam?
a. 159.90 kPa b. 34.38 kPa
c. 284.60 kPa d. 65.20 kPa
Thin-walled Pressure Vessels
Situation 39: An open cylindrical
wood stave tank having a a diameter
of 2 m and height of 4 m is full of
water. The upper and lower ends of
985. Which of the following most
nearly gives the tensile force on the
upper end hoop?
a. 52.32 kN b. 39.24 kN
c. 26.16 kN d. 78.48 kN
986. Which of the following most
nearly gives the tensile force on the
lower end hoop?
 a. 52.32 kN b. 39.24 kN
c. 26.16 kN d. 78.48 kN
987. If the lower end hoop remains
on its position, at what distance should
the other hoop be placed from the
upper end of the tank so that both
hoops will experience the same
amount of tensile force?
a. 2.67 m b. 1.67 m
c. 1.98 m d. 2.98 m
Relative Equilibrium
Vertical Translation
988. An unbalanced vertical force of
60 lb upward accelerates 1.55 ft3 of
water. If the water is 3 ft deep in a
cylindrical tank, which of the following
most nearly gives the force acting on
the bottom of the tank?
a. 156.72 lb b. 187.27 lb
c. 131.04 lb d. 116.33 lb
Horizontal translation
989. An open tank 30 ft long by 4 ft
wide by 4 ft deep is filled with 3.25 ft
of oil (S 0.822). It is accelerated
uniformly from rest to 45 ft/s along its
length. Which of the following most
nearly gives the shortest time in which
the tank may be accelerated without
spilling any oil?
a. 27.95 sec b. 30.42 sec
c. 23.70 sec d. 25.81 sec
Rotation
Situation 40: A vertical cylindrical
tank 3 m in diameter and 5 m high
is full of water.
990. Which of the following most
nearly gives the angle with the vertical
that the tank must be titled so that 10
m3 of water is spilled?
a. 43.320 b. 33.690
0
c. 46.68 d. 56.310
991. IF the tank is to be rotated about
its axis, which of the following most
nearly gives the required angular
velocity so that the water profile just
touches the bottom of the container?
a. 63.05 rpm b. 26.39 rpm
c. 6.60 rpm d. 49.07 rpm
992. If the tank is to be rotated about
its axis, which of the following most
nearly gives the required angular
velocity so that there is no water with
0.80 m from the center of the bottom
of the tank?
a. 7.81 rpm b. 16.82 rpm
c. 74.58 rpm d. 50.94 rpm
Orifice
Falling Head
Situation 41: The water in a vertical
cylindrical tank is lowered by an orifice
from elevation 3 m to elevation 2.50
m in 70 seconds. The orifice is located
at the bottom of the tank with
elevation 0 m.
993. When the water level is initially at
elevation 3 m, which of the following
most nearly gives the time required
discharging half of its contents?
a. 182.58 sec b. 205.82 sec
c. 215.72 sec d. 235.31 sec
994. When the water level is initially at
elevation 3 m, which of the following
most nearly gives the time required to
discharge all the contents?
a. 713.06 sec b. 803.40 sec
c. 850.72 sec d. 629.60 sec
995. IF the tank is accelerated upward
at 12 m/s2, which of the following
most nearly gives the time required to
discharge all the contents when the
water level is initially at elevation 3 m?
a. 400.15 sec b. 309.34 sec
c. 440.53 sec d. 538.82 sec
Weir
Falling head
Situation 42: A V-notch weir is
located at one end of a tank having a
horizontal square section 12 m x 12
m. The intial head of the water is 1.80
m and it takes 77 seconds to discharge
144 m3 of water. The coefficient of
discharge is 0.60.
996. Which of the following most
nearly gives the vertex angle of the
weir?
a. 72.390 b. 81.780
0
c. 77.04 d. 87.800
997. Which of the following most
nearly gives the initial discharge over
the weir?
a. 5.33 m3/s b. 5.84 m3/s
c. 4.47 m3/s d. 4.90 m3/s
998. Which of the following most
nearly gives the instantaneous
discharge after 77 seconds?
 a. 0.64 m3/s b. 0.70 m3/s respectively. The diameter of the pipe
c. 0.59 m3/s d. 0.77 m3/s is 60 mm. Assume the flow is laminar.
Pipe Flow 1005. Which of the following most
Major Losses in Pipes nearly gives the head loss along the
Situation 43: Water is pumped pipe segment?
through a 500 mm diameter circular a. 4.90 m b. 3.77 m
pipe which is 800 m long at a velocity c. 6.10 m d. 5.35 m
of 2 m/s. 1006. Which of the following most
999. Which of the following most nearly gives the discharge?
nearly gives the head loss using a. 2.08 m/s b. 2.95 m/s
Darcy-Weisbach equation if f = 0.02? c. 3.37 m/s d. 2.70 m/s
a. 6.25 m b. 5.62 m 1007. Which of the following most
c. 6.52 m d. 5.26 m nearly gives the Reynolds Number?
1000. Which of the following most a. 855 b. 810
nearly gives the head loss using c. 824 d. 1.011
Manning’s formula the n = 0.013? Pipe Networks
a. 8.56 m b. 7.56 m Situation 46: The total head loss from
c. 7.65 m d. 8.65 m A to E in the pipe system shown in the
Reynolds Number figure below is 15 m. Assume f = 0.02
Situation 44: Medium fuel oil having for all pipes. Useful properties of the
an absolute viscosity of 6.55 x 10-5 pipes are given in the following table:
ft2/s flows in a steel pipe 4, 100 ft long 1 2 5
at a maximum rate of 0.210 cfs.
1001. Which of the following most
nearly gives the head loss using
Hazen-Williams formula if C = 110?
a. 7.34 m b. 7.43 m 3 4
c. 6.34 m d. 6.43 m Pipe Length (m) Diameter (m)
1002. Which of the following most 1 450 600
nearly gives the minimum diameter of 2 600 500
the pipe required to keep the flow in 3 360 450
laminar condition? 4 480 450
a. 1.95 ft b. 2.03 ft 5 540 600
c. 1.88 ft d. 2.16 ft
1003. Using the diameter obtained in 1008. Which of the following most
the previous problem, which of the nearly gives the discharge in pipe 1?
following most nearly gives the friction a. 0.677 m3/s b. 0.608 m3/s
factor of the pipe? 3
c. 0.896 m /s d. 0.485 m3/s
a. 0.032 b. 0.042 1009. Which of the following most
c. 0.051 d. 0.059 nearly gives the discharge in pipe 2?
1004. Which of the following most a. 0.561 m3/s b. 0.301 m3/s
nearly gives the head loss in the pipe? 3
c. 0.411 m s d. 0.553 m3/s
a. 0.0025 ft b. 0.0047 ft 1010. Which of the following most
c. 0.0036 ft d. 0.0050 ft nearly gives the discharge in pipe 3?
Laminar And Turbulent Flow in a. 0.335 m3/s d. 0.267 m3/s
Pipes 3
c. 0.125 m /s d. 0.486 m3/s
Situation 45: An oil with  = 900 Pumps and Turbines
kg/m3 and v = 0.0002 m2/s flows Situation 47: Water is pumped at the
upward through a 10 m long pipe rate of 20 m3/s from the reservoir and
segment inclined at 400 with the out through the steel pipe, which has a
horizontal. The pressures at the constant diameter of 1.50 m. Hazen-
upstream and downstream end of the Williams constant is 100.
pipe are 350 kPa and 250 kPa
1011. which of the following most 1015. Which of the following most
nearly gives the total head loss? nearly gives the required length of
a. 22.57 m b. 42.10 m pipeline 1?
c. 35.62 m d. 48.74 m a. 3,933.16 m b. 6,108.72 m
El. 140 m c. 3,762.09 m d. 4,985.22 m
El. 100 m 300 m 1016. Which of the following most
nearly gives the elevation of water
P surface in reservoir B?
El. 95 m
a. 15.47 m b. 14.76 m
5 m suction line c. 16.35 m d. 18.20 m
Three Reservoir Problems
1012. Which of the following most Situation 49: The design of a city
nearly gives the power that must be water supply system is shown in the
supplied to the water? figure. Reservoir A needs to supply
a. 22,701.86 hp 0.0938 m3/s to lower reservoir B and
b. 13,556.18 hp C. Pipe 1 is 300 m diameter and 900
c. 18,171.83 hp m long, pipe 2 is 200 mm diameter
d. 16,935.59 hp and 387 m long, and pipe 3 is 200 mm
1013. Which of the following most diameter and 700 m long. The
nearly gives the pressure at the roughness coefficient for all pipes is
suction line? 0.011.
a. -18.68 kPa b. -19.35 kPa A
c. -17.51 kPa d. -16.75 kPa El. 150 m
Reservoir Problems B
Two Reservoir Problems 1 2
Situation 48: The total flow from El. 140 m
reservoir A in the figure is 0.394 m3/s 3
and the discharge from pipe 4 is 0.254 C
m3/s. 1017. Which of the following most
El. 43 m nearly gives the flow rate in pipe 2?
a. 0.0684 m3/s b. 0.0500 m3/s
A c. 0.0391 m3/s d. 0.0566 m3/s
1018. Which of the following most
1 El. B nearly gives the flow rate in pipe 3?
2 3 a. 0.0254 m3/s b. 0.0438 m3/s
c. 0.0547 m3/s d. 0.0372 m3/s
1019. Which of the following most
4 nearly gives the elevation of water
El. 14 m
surface in reservoir A to supply the
needed flow rate?
Pipe Length Diameter Friction a. 160.00 m b. 145.40 m
(m) (mm) Factor c. 155.96 m d. 147.11 m
1 430 0.020 Open Channel Flow
2 3,500 450 0.020 Manning’s Formula
3 4,600 400 0.018 Situation 50: A trapezoidal channel
4 4,500 500 0.019 with uniform flow has a normal depth
of 2 m. The base width is 5 m and the
1014. Which of the following most sides slope at 2H:1V. Manning’s n can
nearly gives the velocity of flow along be taken as 0.015 and the bed slope is
pipe 2? 0.001.
a. 1.34 m/s b. 1.81 m/s 1
3 10 m 2.50 m 4m
c. 4.89 m/s d. 3.62 m/s 10 m 1
2 5m
1020. Which of the following most 1026. Which of the following most
nearly gives the velocity? nearly gives the slope if the flow rate
a. 2.50 m/s b. 3.15 m/s is 663 cfs?
c. 3.73 m/s d. 2.75 m/s a. 0.0006 b. 0.0004
1021. Which of the following most c. 0.0005 d. 0.0003
nearly gives the discharge? 1027. Which of the following most
a. 44.99 m/s b. 55.29 m/s nearly gives the critical depth?
c. 67.65 m/s d. 36.07 m/s a. 4.57 ft b. 5.32 ft
1022. If the channel in the above c. 6.09 ft d. 2.65 ft
problem were to be designed for 1028. Which of the following most
flooding it may have a section as nearly gives the critical velocity?
shown in the figure. When the flow a. 5.98 ft/s b. 8.01 ft/s
goes over the top of the trapezoidal c. 7.49 ft/s d. 9.58 ft/s
channel it moves to the “flood plains” Efficient Sections
so the section allows for a lot more Situation 53: water flows in a
discharge to be carried. IF the flood trapezoidal channel whose bottom
channels are 10 m wide, have side width is 2.50 m. One side of the
slopes of 3:1, and Manning’s n of channel is vertical and the other is
0.035, calculate the discharge for a inclined at 450. The slope of the
flood level of 4 m. channel is 0.002 and n = 0.011.
a. 243.76 m3/s b. 114.50 m3/s 1029. Which of the following most
c. 267.21 m3/s d. 160.36 m3/s nearly gives the depth of flow for most
Non Uniform Flow efficient section?
Situation 51: A rectangular flume of a. 1.576 m b. 1.768 m
planed timber (n = 0.012) is 5 ft wide c. 1.845 m d. 1.621 m
and carries 60 cfs of water. The bed 1030. Using the depth obtained in the
slope is 0.0006. At a certain section previous problem, which of the
the depth is 3 ft and at another section following most nearly gives the value
the depth is 2.50 ft. of the hydraulic radius?
1023. Which of the following most a. 0.884 m b. 0.811 m
nearly gives the slope of the energy c. 0.923 m d. 0.788 m
line between the two sections? 1031. Which of the following most
a. 0.00088 b. 0.00065 nearly gives the rate of flow?
c. 0.00033 d. 0.00042 a. 17.97 m3/s b. 18.97 m3/s
1024. Which of the following most c. 24.33 m3/s d. 22.40 m3/s
nearly gives the distance between the Hydraulic Jump
two sections? Situation 54: A hydraulic jump occurs
a. 1,376.43 ft b. 1,542.16 ft in an efficient triangular channel
c. 1,400.70 ft d. 1,321.70 ft carrying 8 m3/s on a slope of 0.006.
1025. Which of the following most The depth after the jump is 2.96 m.
nearly gives the head loss between the 1032. Which of the following most
two sections? nearly gives the depth before the
a. 1.06 ft b. 0.89 ft jump?
c. 1.18 ft d. 1.23 ft a. 0.952 m b. 0.843 m
Alternate Depths of Flow in Open c. 0.654 m d. 0.732 m
Channels 1033. Which of the following most
Critical Flow nearly give the loss of energy in the
Situation 52: Water flows at a depth jump?
of 6ft in a trapezoidal concrete-lined a. 3.17 m b. 5.40 m
channel having a side slope of 2:1 and c. 4.31 m d. 2.56 m
base width of 6 ft. Use n = 0.012. 1034. Which of the following most
nearly gives the loss of the power in
the jump?
a. 243.06 kW b. 196.38 kW
c. 424.29 kW d. 338.37 kW