Name: Falak Noreen

Reg no: BSELC 70043821

Submitted to: Hafsa Karamat

Subject: Stylistics

Topic Name: Elements of prose with reference the short

story “The Lottery” by Shirley Jackson

 “Discuss Elements of prose with reference to the short story “The Lottery”

Defining Prose

Prose is the transcribed alike of the spoken language. Prose is transcribed in arguments,

phrases, sentences, sections and chapters. Prose efforts on punctuation, grammar and language to

develop its note. All of us speak every day over the way of prose. For example, Uncertainty

somebody follows us about and chronicles on our activities and communications, the result will

be prose. Prose is the typical form of written language. Most work that is not poetry, drama, or

song is rated prose. Books, essays, compact stories, and news articles are examples of prose.

Example:

If I ask you to inscribe down a short story with less than tem sentences. That was an example of

prose.

Story of Cinderella

“The ruler had fallen in adore with Cinderella and required to discover out who the lovely young

lady was, but he did not indeed know her title. He found the glass shoe that had come off

Cinderella’s foot as she ran domestic. The sovereign said, “I will discover her. The woman whose

foot fits this shoe will be the one I marry”

Elements of prose with reference to the short story “THE LOTTERY” by Shirley Jackson

Following are the elements of prose:

 Plot

 Characters

 Characterization

 Theme

 setting
 Point of view

 Symbol

 Irony

Plot

A plot is the order of actions that make up a story, whether it’s expressed, written, recorded, or

sung.

What Makes Up plot?

 Exposition:

In the story, by the start of the story, characters, setting, and the main conflict are

characteristically presented.

The morning of June 27th was clear and sunny, with the fresh warmth of a full summer day; the

flowers were blossoming profusely and the grass was richly green.

 Rising Action:

The main character is in disaster and trials foremost up to opposite the battle begin to unfold. The

story becomes complicated.

When they started the lottery, the illustrative or the founders of the families ongoing to choice

strips of daily from the dark box starting with Mr. Adams because the base of option strips is

alphabetically.
 Climax:

At the top of the story, a major occasion happens in which the most character faces a major foe,

fear, challenge, or other source of strife. The foremost activity, show, alter, and fervor happens here

When Tessie Hutchinson knew that she selects the paper with the dark mark.

 Falling Action:

The story starts to moderate down and work towards its conclusion, tying up free closes.

It’s when the individuals begun to plan the stones with Mrs. Hutchinson complaining saying

“It isn’t fair”

 Resolution:

Too known as the conclusion, the determination is like a concluding passage that settles any

remaining issues and closes the story.

“The individuals begun to stone her to passing.”

Character:

An individual or being in a story that performs the activity of the plot.

Types of character:

Protagonist: Clear center of story; all major occasions are vital to this character.

“Tessie Hutchinson”
Antagonist: Opposition or "enemy" of main character.

Tessie Hutchinson itself is the adversary since when her title is at long last pulled; she knows her

passing is approaching. Subsequently, the truth that the lottery brings passing and hence the

conclusion to all the reason of anybody who is chosen makes it the opponent of the story.

Characters can be:

Round: Completely created identities that are influenced by the story's occasions; they can learn,

develop

• Flat: One-dimensional character

• Dynamic: Character who does go through change and "grows" during a story

Example: Tessie Hutchinson in her view of the Lottery

• Static: Character does not go through a change.

In their attitude on the Lottery, Mrs. Joe summers

Characterization:

The process of revealing the personality of a character in a story.

Direct characterization:

Telling us directly what the character’s personality is like: cruel, sneaky, brace, etc.

Example:
Within the story's opening, peruses learn through coordinate characterization that the man gets

drunk regularly and includes a propensity of meandering out of the bar without paying. From at that

point on, the larger part of what peruses know around him comes from the servers through

roundabout characterization in their discourse. Dialogue conversation almost the ancient man's

suicide endeavor the week some time recently and uncover that he is clearly exceptionally affluent,

appearing peruses that more profound issues encompass his steady nearness at the bar.

Indirect characterization:

These call on the peruse to require the data he or she is given to translate for himself/herself the

kind of character he or she is perusing around.

Example:

Tessie Hutchinson, the lady who gets to be the lottery's casualty, is uncovered totally through

roundabout characterization. For illustration, her clowning mien when she arrives at the lottery and

the way she wears her sweater "tossed over her shoulders" demonstrate a carefree, good-humored

identity. Being late to the lottery since she was doing dishes moreover uncovers commitment to her

family. Within the conclusion, these honorable qualities make her passing at the rest of the town's

hands an awful finishing.

Point of View:

Point of See is basically “who is telling the story and “how much do they know?”

Example:
 It is Third Individual Objective. Typically Objective since the storyteller remains exterior the

character’s intellect, they as it were display exchanges and relating occasions. Hence, they permit

peruses to decipher the activities as well as the exchanges of the characters without impedances.

The storyteller isn't portion of the story that’s why it’s third individual

Types of Point of view:

Omniscient:

The story is told in third individual by a storyteller who has boundless information of occasions

and characters.

First Person:

The creator vanishes into one of the characters. Offers the impediments of third individual

constrained. Employments the pronouns “I” and “we”.

Second Person:

Uses the pronoun “you”. Infrequently used.

Third Person:

The story is told in third individual but from the see point of a character within the story. Third

individual is constrained to the character’s recognitions and appears no coordinate information of

what other characters are considering, feeling, or doing.

Theme:

Central message, "ethical of the story," and fundamental meaning of a anecdotal piece; may be

the author's,

Examples:

 The Juxtaposition of Peace and Violence. ...

 Human Nature. ...

 Family Structure and Gender Roles. ...

 The Power of Tradition. ...

 Dystopian Society and Conformity.

Setting:

The time and location in which the story profits place.

Example:

“In a warm day in late June (the 27th, to be correct), villagers assemble within the square” Note:

Jackson didn’t indicate the precise put which the occasion took put, a few pundits of the story claim

that it was in Britain but a few claim it was in Joined together States since the as it were clue given

by Jackson is that it is in a little town which is just composed of 300 individuals.

Setting as Place:
 The physical environment where the story takes put. The delineation of the area regularly

focuses towards its position.

Example:

The setting of Shirley Jackson's brief story "The Lottery" takes put in a little, nondescript town

found in country America on the morning of June 27th

Setting as Time:

Includes time in all of its degrees. To decide the significance, ask, “What was going on at that

time?”

Example:

The time is about the time the story was published in the New Yorker in 1948.

Irony

An “unpredicted turn” in a story

The title of the story, "The Lottery," is amusing. The word 'lottery' features a positive

implication and infers the individuals playing need to win. A lottery does not comprise of a

arbitrary victor with the chances stacked against all hopefuls, but in this case, the champ, whose

prize is passing by stoning, would not be considered fortunate nor do they need to win.

3 Types of Irony:

Verbal: when someone says one thing but implies another it is additionally known as sarcasm
 In Jackson's brief story "The Lottery," it ought to be famous that the title of the story itself is an

case of verbal irony.

Situational: When an individual who peruses accept one protest to follow and the conflicting

occurs

A situational Incongruity is when Tessie/ Mrs. Hutchinson Tessie get picked for the individual

who gets skilled. She didn't know that she was getting to be picked for whom to murder. Though we

didn't know what getting picked is either which she was progressing to be picked.

. Dramatic: When the character in a play thinks one thing is true, but the audience knows better.

The audience has inside information that a character does.

The dramatic irony is that suffering of one child results in the ultimate happiness of a whole

community.

Symbol:

A symbol is scholarly gadget that contains a few layers of meaning. Image is utilizing an protest

or activity which means something more than its exacting meaning.

The Black Box

The miserable dark box speaks to both the convention of the lottery and the illogic of the

villagers’ dependability to it. The dark box is about falling separated, barely indeed dark any longer

after a long time of utilize and capacity, but the villagers are unwilling to supplant it. They base
their connection on nothing more than a story that claims that this dark box was made from pieces

of another, more seasoned dark box. The lottery is filled with comparable relics from the past that

have as far as anyone knows been passed down from prior days, such as the creation of family

records and utilize of stones. These are portion of the convention, from which no one needs to

deviate—the lottery must take put in fair this way since typically how it’s continuously been done.

In any case, other lottery conventions have been changed or forgotten. The villagers utilize slips of

paper rather than wood chips, for case. There's no reason why the villagers ought to be loyal to the

dark box however traitorous to other relics and conventions, fair as there's no coherent

References:

Jackson, Shirley. “The Lottery.” The Lottery and Other Stories. New York: Farrar, 1991.

291-302.

http://web1.nbed.nb.ca/sites/ASD-S/1820/J

%20Johnston/The_Lottery_with_questions_Shirley_Jackson.pdf

http://www.wiredprof.com/104/resources/ElementsOfProseFiction.pdf

https://www.nou.edu.ng/sites/default/files/2017-03/ENG%20181%20Introduction%20to

%20Prose%20Fiction.pdf