Tribhuvan University

Institute Of Engineering
Central Campus, Pulchowk
Department of Civil Engineering
Survey Instruction Committee
Reciprocal Levelling
When Instrument is very near to A
Mean Value = Apparent Height Diff. Remark
Staff Readings (m)
Instrumen Sighted (T+B+M)/3 h1= Mid A - Mid B s
t at to Top Mid Bot
Very near A 1.095 1.081 1.068 1.0813
0.004
to A B 1.41 1.085 0.769 1.088  
Check: Mean – Mid = 3 mm Tolerance
1.0813 -1.081 = 0.3 ≤ 3 mm. Hence, Ok.
1.088 – 1.085 = 3 ≤ 3 mm. Hence Ok.

When Instrument is very near to B

Mean Value = Apparent Height Diff. Remark
Staff Readings (m)
Instrumen Sighted (T+B+M)/3 h2= Mid A - Mid B s
t at to Top Mid Bot
Very near A 0.98 0.66 0.34 0.66
0.011
to B B 0.662 0.649 0.636 0.649  
Check: Mean – Mid = 3 mm Tolerance
0.66 – 0.66 = 0 ≤ 3 mm. Hence, Ok.
0.649 – 0.649 = 0 ≤3 mm. Hence, Ok.

a1 b1

A B A B

Apparent difference of level between A & B, h 1 = |a1-b1| = |1.081 – 1.085| = 0.004 m

Apparent difference of level between A & B, h 2 = |a2-b2| = |0.66 – 0.649| = 0.011 m
True difference of level between A & B = (h 1+h2)/2 = (0.004 + 0.011)/2 = 0.0075 m
Error, e = |h1 –h2| = |0.004 – 0.011| = 0.007 m = 7 mm
Permissible error = ± 25 √ K mm = ± 25√ (0.128) = 8.94 mm
Where, K = loop distance in km = 2 * axis distance in km = 2*0.064 = 0.128 km

Survey Camp Report– 072 Page 82

Group – 4
Since, e = 7 ¿ 8.94 mm, the data is within permissible value.
Hence, the level difference between A & B = 0.0075 m.

Survey Camp Report– 072 Page 82

Group – 4