Question Bank

Module-1

1. Draw the line diagram of a typical transmission & distribution scheme indicating voltage
levels used at different stages and also explain distribution network
2. List the pros& cons of Nuclear power plant .Also explain in detail the working of the
same with a neat diagram
3. Explain the different parts of a thermal power plant, with a help of neat schematic
diagram
4. Classify the Hydroelectric power plant and draw the arrangement of hydro power
plant with related explanation.
5. Define tariff and also explain the different types of tariffs available in power systems.
6. Classify the methods used for power factor improvement & also explain them in brief
7. The annual load duration of a certain power station can be considered as a straight
line from 20MW to 4 MW. To meet this load, three turbine – generator units. Two
rated at 10MW each and one rated at 5MW are installed. Determine (i) installed
capacity (ii) plant factor (iii)units generated per annum (iv) load factor and (v)
utilization factor.
8. A generating station has a maximum demand of 25MW, a load factor of 60%, a plant
capacity factor of 50% and a plant use factor of 72%. Find (i) the reserve capacity of
the plant (ii) the daily energy produced and (iii) maximum energy that could be
produced daily if the plant while running as per schedule, were fully loaded.
9. A Residential consumer has a connected load of 10 lamps each 100W at his
premises, his demand is as follows
From midnight to 5am 100W
5am to 6pm no load
6pm to 7pm 800w
7pm to 9pm 900w
9pm to midnight 400w
Plot load duration curve
compute energy consumption in 24hours
Calculate demand factor and average load.
10. Define demand factor, diversity factor, maximum demand, plant capacity factor and
load duration curve also list out the different types of tariffs available in the market.
11. List the causes of low power factor. What would be the measure can be taken for the
improvement of power factor in the transmission and distribution scheme.
12. A power supply having the following loads
13. If the overall system diversity factor is 1.5 compute
14. The maximum demand and connected load of each type
Type of Maximum Diversity Demand
load demand in KW factor factor
domastic 15000 1.25 0.7
commercial 25000 1.2 0.9
industries 50000 1.3 0.98
 Module-2
1. Explain how sag can be calculated at
i. Supports at Equal level
ii. Supports at unequal level with proper steps and neat necessary diagrams.

2. An overhead line has a span of 150m between level supports. The conductor has a
cross sectional area of 2cm2. The ultimate strength is 5000kg/ cm2 and safety factor
is 5. The density is 8.99m/cm3. The wind pressure is 1.5kg/m. calculate the height of
the conductor above the ground level at which it should be supported if a minimum
clearance of 7m is to be left between the ground and conductor
3. A three phase overhead transmission line is being supported by three discs of
suspension insulators. The potentials across the first and second insulators are 8 and
11kv respectively summarize with value
a. The line voltage
b. The ratio of capacitance between pin and earth to self capacitance of each unit
c. The string efficiency.

4. A string of 6 insulator units has self capacitance equal to 10 times the pin to earth
capacitance compute
i. Voltage distribution from top to bottom insulator has a percentage of the total
voltage
ii. The string efficiency

5. The towers of height 30m and 90m respectively support a transmission line conductor at
water crossing .The horizontal distance between the towers is 500m. If the tension in the
conductor is 1600kg, find the minimum clearance of the conductor and water and
clearance mid-way between the supports. Weight of the conductor is 1.5 kg/m. Base of
the towers can be considered to be at water level.
6. Each of the three insulators forming a string as a self capacitance of C farads. The
shunting capacitance between earth and metal work of each insulator is 0.18C while
it is 0.1C between metal work and line. Calculate the voltage across each insulator as
a percentage of the line conductor voltage to earth and the string efficiency.
7. An overhead transmission line at a river crossing is supported from the two towers at
heights of 25m and 75m above the water level. The horizontal distance between the
towers is 250m. if the required clearance between the conductor and water midway
between the towers is 45m and if both the towers are on the same side of the point
of maximum sag of the parabolic configuration. Compute the stringing tension in the
conductor. The conductor weight is 0.7kg/m.
8. Each of the three insulators of a string as self capacitance C farad capacitance of
connecting metal work to earth is 0.2C and 0.1C to line. Calculate the voltage across
each insulator as a percentage of line voltage to earth. Also compute string
efficiency. (the string has three insulator)
9. An overhead line has a span of 150m between level supports. The conductor has a
cross sectional area of 2cm2. The ultimate strength is 5000kg/ cm2 and safety factor
is 5. The density is 8.99m/cm 3. The wind pressure is 1.5kg/m. calculate the height of
the conductor above the ground level at which it should be supported if a minimum
clearance of 7m is to be left between the ground and conductor

10. A three phase overhead transmission line is being supported by three discs of
suspension insulators. The potentials across the first and second insulators are 8 and
11kv respectively summarize with value
a. The line voltage
b. The ratio of capacitance between pin and earth to self capacitance of each unit
c. The string efficiency.

Module-3
1. Discus the Nominal π model of a medium transmission line with appropriate circuit
diagram and phasor diagram and hence obtain the expression for ABCD constants

2. A 3Φ, 50Hz transmission line has flat horizontal configuration with 3.5m between adjacent
conductors. The conductors are hard drawn [outside diameter is 1.05cm]. The voltage of the
line is 110kV.Find the capacitance to neutral & the charging current per km.
3. A 110kV , 50 Hz, 3Ø transmission line delivers a load of 40 MW at 0.85 lagging
power factor at the receiving end. The generalized constants of the transmission line
are
A = D = 0.95<1.4ᵒ
B = 96<78ᵒ ohm
C= 0.0015<90ᵒ mho
Find the regulation of the line & charging current using Nominal T method
4. Derive the equation for inductance of 3Φ line to obtain balanced voltage at the receiving end
when the conductors are unsymmetrically spaced
5. Obtain the expression for sending end voltage and current in terms of ABCD
constants and receiving end voltage and current for a nominal T model of
transmission line. Also, draw the phasor diagram.

6. A three phase, 50Hz, 150km transmission line has the following constants.
Resistance/phase/km = 0.1Ω
Reactance/phase/km = 0.5Ω
Capacitive shunt admittance/phase/km = 3x10-6 ʊ
If the line supplies a load of 50MW at 0.8 pf lagging at 110KV at the receiving end.
Estimate the following by using nominal π method.
i. Sending end current
ii. Sending end voltage
iii. Sending end power factor
 7. Derive the equation for inductance of the composite conductor in the
transmission line.
8. Evaluate an expression for line to neutral capacitance for 3-phase overhead line
when conductors are symmetrically placed.
9. Derive expression for inductance of three phase line with unsymmetrical spacing
but transposed
10. Evaluate the ABCD constants for the long transmission lines by Rigorous method.
11. Investigate how the medium transmission line can be analyzed by using end
condenser method.

12. A 110KV, 50Hz, three phase transmission line delivers a load of 40MW at 0.85pf
lagging at the receiving end. The generalized constants of the transmission line
are A=D= 0.95∟1.40, B=96∟780Ω, C=0.0015∟900 ʊ. Estimate the regulation of
the line and charging current use nominal T method.

13. Evaluate an expression for capacitances of a three phase single circuit line with
equilateral spacing.

Module-4
1. What is grading of underground cables. Explain capacitance grading.
2. Explain the different types of underground cables used for transmission & distribution.
3. Derive the expression for minimum and maximum dielectric stress in the single core
cable. Hence prove that (Gmax/gmin) = (D/d). where D – Sheath diameter, d – core
diameter.
4. A Single core cable for use on 11KV, 50Hz system has conductor area of 0.645cm2
and internal diameter of sheath is 2.18cm. The permittivity of elthe dielectric used in
the cable is 3.5. Find (i) the maximum electrostatic stress in the cable (ii) minimum
electrostatic stress in the cable (iii) capacitance of the cable per km length (iv)
charging current.
5. Derive the expression for insulation resistance of the cable with neat related
diagrams.
6. A single core cable has a conductor of diameter 1.2cm and its insulation thickness is
1.6cm. The specific resistance of the insulating material is 7.5x108MΩ cm. estimate
the insulation resistance per kilometer of a cable. If now this resistance is to be
increased by 20%, estimate the thickness of the additional layer of insulation
required.
7. Identify the requirements of the cable and also identify the differences between
underground cables and overhead transmission lines.
8. Choose the materials required for the underground cable also justify the selected
material in context with the electrical properties.

9. A distributor AB is fed at both ends. At feeding point A, the voltage is maintained at

236V & at B at 237V.The total length of the distributor is 200 m & loads are tapped off
as given below:
(i) 20A at 50m from A (ii) 40A at 75m from A
(ii) 25A at 100m from A (iv) 30A at 150m from A
The resistance per kilometer of one conductor is 0.4Ω. Calculate the currents in the various
sections of the distributor, the minimum voltage & the point at which it occurs.

10. Derive the expression for voltage drop of a distributor fed at one end for both
concentrated and uniform loading.
11. Examine how a two-wire DC distributor with concentrated load fed at both end can
be represented by single line diagram with current and voltage drop waveforms.
12. A 2-wire d.c distributor AB is fed from both ends. At feeding point A, the voltage is
maintained as at 230V and at B 235V. The total length of the distributor is 200m and
loads are tapped off as under:
25A at 50m from A : 50A at 75m from A
30A at 100m from A : 40A at 150m from A
The resistance per kilometer of one conductor is 0.3Ω. Calculate: (i) currents in
various sections of the distributor, (ii) minimum voltage and the point at which it
occurs.

13. Two wire dc distributor systems is 3km long and it supplies loads of 200A, 100A, 75A
and 50A at 800m, 1200m, 2000m and 3000m from the feeding point A. Each
conductor has to go and return resistance of 0.004Ω per 100m. Estimate the voltage
at each load point if voltage at feeding point is 250V.
14. A distributor AF is fed at both the ends at the same voltage of 250V. the length of
the distributor is 200m and the loads are tapped off as follows: 50A at 50m from the
end A, 50A at 75m from A, 30A at 100m from A, and 25A at 150m from A. calculate
i. The minimum potential and
ii. The voltage at each load point.
The resistances per 100m of the conductor for go and return is 0.08Ω.

15. Identify the requirements of the good distribution systems and also with neat
diagram of radial distribution system identify the merits and demerits of the radial
distribution systems.
16. Two core cables are 500m long, the total resistances go and return is 0.075Ω. The
cable is uniformly loaded with 2A/m load and if fed from both ends at 260V. Prove
that the minimum potential point occurs at the midpoint of the cable and also
estimate value of minimum potential and total power loss in the cable.

Module-5
1. Explain briefly the various tests carried out on Insulators.
2. Discuss the advantages & disadvantages of corona that occur in overhead transmission
lines. Also Explain the formation of corona.
3. List various parameters involved in corona & explain them briefly
4. Explain the different types of testing for underground cables.
5. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of the corona and also explain radio
interference
6. Explain the following terms with reference to corona:
Critical disruptive voltage
Visual critical voltage
Power loss due to corona
7. What is corona? What are the factors, which affect corona? And discuss the
advantages and disadvantages of corona.
8. Explain in detail the various bas bar arrangements schemes
9. Give short notes
(i) What is ring bus explain with its single line diagram.
(ii) What are the advantages and disadvantages of sectionalized bus?
10. Explain the following
(i) Double breaker – double bus system
(ii) mportance of Circuit breaker in substation

11. List out what are the advantages and disadvantages of sectionalized bus?
12. Explain double breaker= double bus system with its advantages and disadvantages