Power System Analysis (Transmission and Distribution Line)

Prepared by: Engr. Arvin P. Dela Roca

1. Transmission line link….

A. Generating station to receiving end station
B. Receiving end station to distribution transformer
C. Service point to consumer premises
D. Distribution transformer to consumers premises
2. ACSR means
A. Aluminum cable steel reinforced
B. Aluminum conductor silver reinforced
C. Aluminum conductor steel reinforced
D. None of the above.
3. One favorable economic factor in the transmission of power at high voltages is the….
A. Decreases insulation required by the line
B. Smaller size of generating station
C. Increase I R losses
D. Reduction of conductor cross-section
4. The fact that a conductor carries more current on the surface compared to core is known as….
A. Corona
B. Permeability
C. Unsymmetrical
D. Skin effect
5. The common numbers of strands in concentrically stranded cables, where the total annular spaces is filled with strands of
uniform diameter are as follows EXCEPT one. Which one of this?
A. 19
B. 54
C. 37
D. 61
6. What is the GMR of seven strands conductor in terms of radius “r” of an individual strand?
A. 2.1 r
B. 2.304 r
C. 1.46 r
D. 2.177 r
7. What is the recommended horizontal spacing of the three phase conductors for a 34.5 kv transmission line?
A. 2 ft
B. 8 ft
C. 1.46 r
D. 4.5 ft
8. Transmission lines are not normally installed equilaterally. However in the calculation of voltage drops in 3-phase
transmission lines, equilateral distance is required. Unequal spacingare therefore converted accordingly. What is the equilateral
spacing of a line with actual spacing between conductors of 2.0 meters, 2.0 meters and 3.0 meters?
A. 2.33 m
B. 2.404 m
C. 2.289 m
D. 2.517 m
9. A single phase transmission line 50 miles long and consist of two solid conductors 0.46 inches in diameter and spaced 5 ft
apart. What is the total reactance of the line at 60 hz?
A. 23.5 ohms
B. 50.5 ohms
C. 35.3 ohms
D. 70.5 ohms
10. A 34.5 kV feeder is 5 miles long. The conductors are spaced 4 ft horizontally. The conductor is 4/0 copper with GMR of
0.01688 ft. What is the reactance?
A. 2.36 ohms
B. 6.72 ohms
C. 0.3456 ohms
D. 5.16 ohms
11. A 230 kV, 100 miles, 3 phase transmission line has two bundled conductor per phase, spaced 18 inches horizontally. The
conductor used in the bundled has a self-GMD of 0.0375 ft. If the phases are spaced 25.5 ft apart. What is the inductive
reactance per phase at 60 Hz?
A. 59.55 ohms
B. 57.3 ohms
C. 82.46 ohms
D. 73.5 ohms
12. The conductor of a 3-phase, 100 Km, 60 Hz transmission line are in flat horizontal spacing of 26 ft. The conductor is 500
MCM with an outside diameter of 0.904 in. What is the per km capacitive reactance to neutral.
A. 2457 ohms
B. 134,253 ohms
C. 3574.5 ohms
D. 322,852 ohms
13. A 230 kV transmission line is 100 miles long. The conductor is ACSR of 1,113,000 CM. The conductor are horizontally
arranged with 20 ft spacing. The resistance per mile is 0.0969 ohm and its GMR is 0.0435 ft. What is the the impedance of the
line?
A. 9.69 +j95.25 ohms
B. 9.69 +j77.19 ohms
C. 3.23 +j95.25 ohms
D. 3.23 +j25.93 ohms
14. A load of 10 MVA, 0.8 p.f. lagging, 22 kV is served by the transmission line which has a line resistance of 3 ohms and a line
reactance of 10 ohms. Solve for the sending end voltage.
A. 26,721 V
B. 25,970 V
C. 22,433 V
D. 24,214 V
15. A short 3 phi transmission line with an impedance per phase of 3+j7 ohms supplies a balanced load that draws 200 Amp at
13 kV with 0.707 pf. lagging. In addition, a capacitor bank that draws 90 Amp is connected across the load. The efficiency of the
line nearest to….
A. 89.3%
B. 90.8%
C. 94.3%
D. 95.4%
16. A short 3-phase, 3 wire transmission line has receiving end voltage of 4160 volts phase to neutral and serving a balanced
3-phase load of 998,400 volt-amp at 0.82 pf lagging. At the sending end, the voltage is 4600 volts phase to neutral and the
power factor 0.77 lagging. What is the series impedance of the line?
A. 1.335 + j9.62 ohms
B. 2.42 + j5.99 ohms
C. 1.635 + j6.92 ohms
D. 1.735 + j6.75 ohms
17. Each phase of a short 3-phase transmission line has an impedance of 15 + j20 ohms. The impressed emf between the line
conductors is 13,200 volts. The connected to this line is balanced takes 1,000 kW at lagging power factor. The current per
conductor is 70 Amperes. The receiving end line voltage is….
A. 10.72 kV
B. 16.17 kV
C. 10.27 kV
D. 13.2 kV
18. A short 230 kV transmission line has an impedance of 5 cis 78 ohms. The sending end power is 100 MW at 230 kV and
85% power factor. What is the percent regulation of the line? (EE board prob. OCt ‘98)
A. 3.6%
B. 1.5%
C. 2.2%
D. 0.77%
19. A 3-phase short transmission line has a resistance and reactance per phase of 15 ohms and 20 ohms respectively. If the
sending end voltage is 33kV and the regulation of the line is not exceed 10%. What is the maximum power which can be
transmitted over the line?
A. 6 MW
B. 3 MW
C. 18 MW
D. 9 MW
20. A 3-phase 60 Hz transmission line delivers 20 MVA to a load at 66kV at 80% lagging. The total series impedance of each
line is 15 + j75 ohms. If the nominal “pi” circuit is used, What would be the transmission efficiency if the admittance is j6x10
mhos? (EE board prob. Oct ‘96)
A. 90.8%
B. 93.5%
C. 91.7%
D. 92.6%
21. A three phase transmission line 100 km long has a series impedance per line 19 + j74 ohms and shunt susceptance of
12x10 mhos to neutral. It is supplying a balanced load of 25 MW at 110 kV with 90% power factor lagging. Calculate the percent
voltage regulation of the line.
A. 20%
B. 13%
C. 30%
D. 35%
22. A 230 kV transmission line has an impedance of 50 cis 78 ohms and a capacitive reactance of 1200 ohms. It transmits the
power of a base load plant. On a certain dry season the sending end power is 100 MW at 235 kV and 95% power factor
continuously for a period of one month. If the cost of generations is 1.30 pesos per kWhr, what is the cost of the line losses for
the month period?
A. P 565,000
B. P 5.6 million
C. P 12.2 million
D. P 2.2 million
23. A 23kV transmission line is sending 100 MW power at 230 kV and 90% power factor. The impedance is 5 + j20 ohm per
phase and its capacitive reactance is 2,500 ohms. Determine the receiving end voltage.
A. 221.72 kV
B. 22.83 kV
C. 226.15 kV
D. 224.28 kV
24. A three phase transmission line 400 km long has a resistance of 0.16 ohm/km, inductive reactance of 0.255 ohm/km and
shunt susceptance of 1.5x10 mho/km. What is the characteristics impedance?
A. 444 cis (-7) ohms
B. 424 cis (-11) ohms
C. 448 cis (-16.1) ohms
D. 455 cis (-9.2) ohms
25. For the high-voltage long transmission line, we have the per phase vector relation: If Er=127,000 volts, Ir=100 amperes at -
30 degress, A=0.9 at 0 degree and B=100 At 90 degrees, determine the magnitude of the sending end voltage Es.
A. 131,575 volts
B. 125,595 volts
C. 119,614 volts
D. 113,633 volts
26. Loads are tapped along a single phase primary distribution line as follows:
Distance from 1.0km 2.5km 4.0km 6.0km
Sending end
Load at unity 20kw 15kw 15kw 10kw
Power Factor
Determine the equivalent length of line, with a load at the equal to the total load, that will give the same to the total
moments of load. Using the equivalent line with an impedance of (0 + j10) ohms per km, determine the sending end voltage Vs if
the line end voltage is 4000 volts. Vectorially, Vs=Vr + Iz and I=P/V at unity power factor….
A. 4,424 volts
B. 4,021 volts
C. 4,625 volts
D. 4,222 volts
27. Corona occurs when the potential of the conductor in air raised to such a value that the electric strength of the surrounding
air is exceeded. Which of the following statements is NOT correct?
A. Smoke lowers the critical breakdown voltage
B. Smoke and dust increase the corona looses
C. Humidity decreases the critical voltage
D. Heavy winds do not have any effect on the critical voltage
28. The cause of nearly all high voltage flashover in transmission lines are due to one of the following. Which one of this? ( EE
board prob. Oct ‘96)
A. High humidity
B. Corona
C. Dust and dirt
D. Lightning discharge
29. If the breakdown dielectric strength of air be 30kV max/cm, estimate the greatest line voltage that can be used on a 3 phase
transmission line with solid smooth conductors each of 2 cm diameter spaced equilaterally 2m apart.
A. 193 kV
B. 197 kV
C. 195 kV
D. 196 kV
30. A certain 3-phase equilateral transmission line has a total corona loss of 53 kW at 106 kV and a loss of 98 kW at 110.9kV.
What is the corona loss at 115kV?
A. 115 kW
B. 147 kW
C. 195 kW
D. 196 kW
31. A single-core cable has a conductor diameter of 1 cm and insulation thickness of 0.4 cm. If the specific resistance of the
insulation is 5x10 ohm-cm, Calculate the insulation resistance for a 2 km length cable.
A. 123M ohms
B. 345M ohms
C. 234M ohms
D. 456M ohms

32. A cable is 300 km long and has a conductor 0.5 cm diameter with an insulation covering of
cm thickness, Calculate the capacitance of the cable if the relative permeability of insulation is 4.5.
A. 93.4 micro-farad
B. 78.6 micro-farad
C. 73.4 micro-farad
D. 61.4 micro-farad
33. A symmetrically 3-conductor cable is enclosed in a ground metal sheath. The capacitance between the three conductor
connected together and the sheath is 0.5 micro-farad. The capacitance between one conductor and the other two connected
together and also connected to the sheath is 0.6 micro-farad. What is the charging current per conductor when a 3-phase, 25 kV,
60 Hz is applied to the cable?
A. 4A
B. 4.25A
C. 4.1A
D. 4.45A
34. Determine the capacitance to neutral for a 25 km long 3-phase, 3 core metal sheathed cable if the capacitance between the
two conductors of the 3-core cable with the third conductor grounded is 0.6 micro-farad/km.
A. 30 micro-farad
B. 50 micro-farad
C. 40 micro-farad
D. 60 micro-farad
35. Insulation used to support wires over cross arms is….
A. Strain
B. Pin
C. suspension
D. Spool
36. In a string of suspension insulators, if the unit nearest to the conductor breaks down, then the other remaining units will….
A. Lessen dielectric strength
B. Also breakdown
C. Lesser
D. None of these
37. The longer the cross arm of transmission tower,… the string efficiency of suspension insulators.
A. Greater
B. Does not effect
C. Lesser
D. None of these
38. Calculate the sag for the conductors of an overhead transmission line having a span of 180m between level supports. The
overall diameter of conductor is 3510kg/cm and the safety factor is 2.0.
A. 1.04m
B. 0.52m
C. 1.21m
D. 2.08m
39. A span of 300 m between level supports expected to have a maximum sag of 12 m, when the wind pressure is 12.2gm/cm
of project area. The circular copper conductor has an area of 1.29 cm and weighs 1.13 kg/m. If the conductor has breaking
strength 4,220 kg/cm, What is the safety factor under these conditions?
A. 2
B. 4
C. 3
D. 5
40. The transmission line at river crossing is supported from two towers of height 40 m and 70 m above water level. The
horizontal distance between the towers is 300 m. if the maximumtension in the conductor is 1800 jg. Find the clearance
between conductor and water at point midway between supports. Weight of conductor is 1.0 kg/m?
A. 59 m
B. 55 m
C. 48.75 m
D. 50 m
41. The current that the breaker must be able to carry immediately after a fault occurs is known as…
A. Interrupting current
B. Short circuit current
C. Continuous current
D. Momentary current