International Journal of Linguistics and Computational Applications (IJLCA) ISSN 2394-6385 (Print)

Volume 2, Issue 1, January - March 2015 ISSN 2394-6393 (Online)

jkpo;f; ftpij kuGk; xypkhw;wq;fSk;

Kidth;. M.Vfhk;guk;
cjtpg; Nguhrphpah;, jkpo; ,yf;fpaj;Jiw, nrd;idg; gy;fiyf;fofk;

cyf nkhopfSs; kpfTk; njhd;ik tha;e;j ciueilapYk; ,k;kugpd; ,Wf;fk; jsu;e;Js;sJ

nkhop jkpo;. ,j;njhd;ikf;F vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.
nkhopapd; ,Uepiyj;jd;ikAk; (Diglossia) xU 2500 Mz;Lfhy tuyhw;iwAila jkpo;ff ; tpij
Kf;fpaf; fhuzkhFk;. xU nkhopapd;fz; toq;Fk; kuG vd;gJ KOf;f KOf;f vOj;J nkhopia
Ngr;R> vOj;J Mfpa ,t;tpU mbg;gilahff; nfhz;lJ.
tof;FfisNa ,Uepiyj;jd;ik vd;gH. “cupa Xir xOq;fpy; (Rhyming Techniques)
njhy;fhg;gpaH fhyj;Jk; mjw;F Kd;dUk; vJif> NkhidAld; (Alliteration) mikf;fg;ngWtNj
epytpa ,t;tpUepiy tof;Ffs; top jkpo; jkpo;ff
; tpij kugpd; jdpj;JtkhFk;.
xU ,Uepiyj;jd;ik cila nkhop vd;gjidg; ,k;kugpy; vOe;j njhlf;ffhyf; ftpijfs;
Gupe;Jnfhs;syhk;. ~jd;DzHr;rpg; ghly;| vd;w tifiar;
tlNtq;fle; njd;Fkup NrHe;jitahFk;. Mq;fpyj;jpy; ,jid Lyrics
Mapilj; (,irg;ghly;) vd;wiog;gH. jkpo;ff ; tpij kugpd;
jkpo; $Wk; ey; cyfj;J mikg;G Kiw mk;nkhopapy; rpy xypkhw;wq;fs;
tof;Fk; nra;ASk; MapU Kjypd; epfo;tjw;F Kf;fpaf; fhuzkhf mikfpwJ. jkpo;f;
vOj;Jk; nrhy;Yk; nghUSk; ehbr; ftpijfspy; fhzyhFk; ,t;nthyp khw;wq;fisf;
nre;jkpo; ,aw;if rptzpa epyj;NjhL fhz;gjw;F Kd; jkpo; nkhopapy; epfOk; rpy
Ke;JE}y; fz;L Kiwg;gl vz;zpg; xypkhw;w tpjpfisr; Rl;LtJ ,t;tha;tpd; GupjYf;F
Gye;njhFj; NjhNd Nghf;fW gDty; toptFf;Fk;.
vd;gJ njhy;fhg;gpag; ghapuk;.
,jd;gb njhy;fhg;gpaH jkJ fhyj;Jk; mjw;F
Kd;dUk; epytpa tof;ifAk; (Ngr;R tof;F) 1. capnuhyp khw;wk;
nra;AisAk; (nra;As; tof;F) mbg;gilahff;
nfhz;Nl jkJ E}iy ahj;Js;shH vd;gJ njspT. jkpo; capnuhypfspy; Kd;DapH
tof;F> nra;As; vd;w ,t;tpU jd;ikfspy; tupirapy; ,lk;ngWk; , fuk; gpd;DapH
mf;fhyj;J NtWghL tupirapy; ,lk;ngWk; cfuk; rpy Fwpg;gpl;l
fw;gpf;fg;gltpy;iy. ,t;tpuz;bw;Fkhd caHT jho;T xypr;#oypy; vfu> xfukhf (,>v) (c>x)
vd;w fw;gpg;G kpfTk; gpw;fhyj;jpaJ. „„vOj;J khw;wkilAk;. (Kd;Daph; gpd;Daph; gw;wpa
tof;fpd; xypg;GKiw mjd; jd;ikapypUe;J tpsf;fj;ij ,e;E}ypd; Kjw; fl;Liuapy; ghh;f;fyhk;)
khw;wkilAk;NghJ Ngr;R tof;fhfTk; Ngr;R tof;fpd; , > v = ,iy > viy> ,ilad; >
xypg;GKiw jpUj;jKWk;NghJ vOj;J vilad;> ,isatd; > visatd;> ,iz > viz
tof;fhfTk; ,dq;fhzg;gLfpd;wd." Mdhy; ,ir > vir> ,spg;G > vspg;G> ,ik >
vd;w ,f;fUj;ijNa ,t;tpuz;bw;Fkhd vik> ,Uik > vUik> vd;w ,lq;fspy; vfukhf
tiuaiwahff; nfhs;syhk;. khWtjpy;iy vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.
Nkw;Rl;ba ,t;tpU epfo;TfSf;Fk; mjd; xypg;G
KiwfNs mbg;gilahf mikfpwNj jtpu> nghUs; c > x= cyfk; > xyfk;> cuy; > xuy;> cuk; >
khw;wk; fhuzkhtjpy;iy. Vnddpy;> ,e;epfo;tpy; xuk; cuR > xuR> ciy > xiy> ciog;G > xiog;G
nghUs; khw;wk; VJk; tpistjpy;iy. vOj;J vd;W khWk;. cg;G > xg;G> cz;ik > xz;ik>
tof;fpw;Fr; nra;As; my;yJ ftpij nkhopiaAk; cz > xz;> vd;w ,lq;fspy; cfuk; xfukhf
Ngr;R tof;fpw;F kf;fspd; ,ay;ghd nkhopapidAk; khWtjpy;iy. mt;thNw capnuhypfspy;; nkhopKjy;
rhd;W fhl;LtH. mfuk; vfukhf khWk;. M > v> mg;gh > vg;gh>
nra;As; nkhopiag;Nghy ahUk; Ngr Kaw;rpg;gJk; mk;kh > vk;kh> mz;zh > vz;zh> mf;fh > vf;fh.
Ngr;R tof;fpNyNa ahUk; vOj
Kaw;rpg;gJk; ,y;iy. Vnddpy; ,t;tpU Kay;TfSk;
nkhop NgRNthUila kdepiyiaAk; tho;tpay; 2. dfu nka;ia mLj;J tUk; Mnlhyp
#oiyAk; nkhopg;GyikiaAk; nghWj;J (trill) ahd ~w|fuk; %f;nfhypr; (nasal sound)
miktdthFk;. ,t;NtWghl;bw;F nkhop xU rhay; ngWk;.
jilahf miktjpy;iy. Mdhy;> nra;As; nkhopapy;
Ngr;Rnkhop fyf;ff; $lhJ vd;gJ jkpo;ff ; tpij w>d= jpd;W>jpd;D> gd;wp>gd;dp> fd;W>fd;D>
nkhopapd; kughf ,Ue;J tUfpwJ. nkd;W>nkd;D> nrd;W>nrd;D> nfhd;W>nfhd;D>
Ngr;R tof;F nra;As; tof;fpd; NrHf;iff;F ,lk;
nfhLg;gijg;Nghy vOj;J tof;F (nra;As; nkhop) Fd;wp>Fd;dp (ngUk;ghYk; ,t;nthyp khw;wk;
Ngr;R tof;Fr; NrHf;iff;F ,lk; nfhLg;gjpy;iy. nkhopKjy; Fwpyhf ,Uf;Fk; ,lq;fspNyNa Vw;gLk;)
nra;As; tof;F GytHghy; epfo;tjhy; ,e;epfo;tpy;
khw;wk; VJk; Vw;gLtjpy;iy. vdNtjhd; 3. nkhopapil kw;Wk; nkhop ,WjpapYs;s
nra;As;nkhop ,Jtiu khwhky; ,Ue;J tUfpwJ. ~d|fu %f;nfhyp ~y|fu kUq;nfhypahf khWk; (-
vdpDk; ,ilf;fhy> etPdf; ftpijfspYk; d-> -d>y)

33
International Journal of Linguistics and Computational Applications (IJLCA) ISSN 2394-6385 (Print)
Volume 2, Issue 1, January - March 2015 ISSN 2394-6393 (Online)

ehd;F>ehY/ehyp> Nfhd>Nfhy; 9. nkhopapWjp a(miuAapH)> y(kUq;nfhyp)>

vOj;Jj; njYq;F - ehYF. vOj;Jf; fd;dlk; - d(%f;nfhyp) Nghd;w nka;nahypfs;
ehy;F vd tUk;. xypj;jpupgilAk;.
4. nkhopapil tUk; wfu eha; >ehap> jha; >jhap> fha; >fhap
(Mnlhyp) ,ul;bg;Gj; jfu milg;nghypahf Njhy; >NjhY> ghy;>ghY> fhy;>fhY
khWk;. Njd>NjD> jpd;>jpd;D

-w;w;- > j. fhw;W>fhj;J> New;W>Nej;J> 10. nkhopapil tUk; ~u| fu tUnlhyp

ehw;W>ehj;J> J}w;W>J}j;J> Rw;W>Rj;J> kiwAk;.
njhw;W>njhj;J> Vw;W>Vj;J
ghHj;J >ghj;J> rhHj;j > rhj;j>
5. nkhopapWjp jfu milg;nghyp ~u|fukhf NfhHj;J > Nfhj;J
tUnlhyp(flap)ahf khw;wkilAk;. ,k;khw;wk; Nkw;Rl;ba ,t;tpjpfisg; NghyNt jkpo; nkhop
rpy ,lq;fspy; kl;LNk epfOk;. kw;Wk; mjd; ftpijg; gug;ig mbg;gilahff;
nfhz;L vz;zw;w tpjpfis tUtpj;J nfhs;s
KbAk;. NgrTs;s nghUz;ikf;Nfw;g rpy tpjpfs;
tpij>tpiu@ kpjp>nkup. kl;LNk ,t;tplj;Jr; Rl;lg;gl;ld.
Mdhy; Rij>Riu> fij>fiu> rpij>rpiu> khrW nghd;Nd tyk;Gup Kj;Nj
Gij>Giu vd;W khWtjpy;iy. fhrW tpiuNa fUk;Ng NjNd
mUk; ngww; ghtha; MUapH kUe;Nj
6. nkhopapil ~j|fu ,ul;bg;G xyp (rpyk;G - kidawk;gLj;j fhij 75-78)
‘r’fumz;z xypahf khWk;. vd;w ,g;ghlypy; gapd;W te;Js;s ~tpiu| vd;w
tbtj;jpw;F “capHg;gpd; ,dpikahy; Fw;wkw;w
-j- > r = gbj;jhd; > gbr;rhd;> ebj;jhd; > tpiuia xg;gha; vd;W e.K.Ntq;flrhkp ehl;lhH
ebr;rhd;> kw;Wk; Fbj;jhd; ciu tFg;gH‟. mtuJ fUj;Jg;gb tpiu vd;w
gpbj;jhd;> xbj;jhd;> fbj;jhd;> tbtj;ij tpij vd;gjd; xypkhw;w tbtkhfNt
vd;w ,lq;fspnyy;yhk; ‘r’fu xypahf khWk;. fUJjy; Ntz;Lk;. mjhtJ> Kw;Rl;ba jkpo;
mt;thNw> Ifhuj;jpw;F Kd;du; tUk; jfuk; xypkhw;wq;fspdbg;gilapy; (tpjp.5) Fwpg;gpl;Ls;sgb
rfukhf khWk; eidj;jhd; > eidr;rhd;> ~tpij| vd;gJ ~tpiu| vd;W khWk;.
fidj;jhd; > fidr;rhd; gpizj;J > gpizr;R> rpyg;gjpfhuj;jpy; xd;Wf;F Nkw;gl;l ,lq;fspy;
mizj;J > mizr;R> gilj;jhd; > gilr;rhd;.. ~tpiu| vd;w tbtk; gapd;W te;Js;sd. Mdhy;
mt;tplq;fspy; vy;yhk; mjw;fhd nghUs; tpiuT.
(Ntfk;) vd;w nghUspYk; eWkzk; vd;w
7. nkhopapil ~m|fuk; ~I|fhukhFk;. nghUspYNk Msg;gl;Ls;sd.
njhy;fhg;gpak; ,k;khw;wj;ij vOj;Jg;Nghyp tpiuapdH kyupdH tpsq;F NkdpaH
vd;W Rl;Lfpd;wJ. ciuapdH ghl;bdH xrpe;j Nehf;fpdH
(rpyk;G> kq;fy thoj;Jg; ghly; 55-56)
“mfu ,fuk; Ifhu khFk;" (vOj;J)
-m- > I Foe;ij > Fioe;ij> goik > tpiu> ciu vd;w vJif mikg;gpy;
gioik> muR> miuR. ghlg;gl;Ls;s ,g;ghlypy; mbNjhWk; ,uz;lhk;
vOj;J khw;wj;jhy; nghUs; khw;wk; vOj;J xd;wp tUfpwJ. vdNt ,uz;lhk; mbapd;
Vw;gLtjpy;iy. ,J nra;As; tof;fpy; epfo;tdthFk;. Kjw;rPH ciuapdH vd;wpUg;gjhy; Kjybapd;
mJNghyNt nkhopapil ~I|fhuk; ~m|fukhtJk; Kjw;rPiu tpiue;jdH vd;W mikf;f
cz;L. ,JTk; xUtifg; NghypahFk;. KbahJ. ,q;Fs;s tpiu vd;w tbtk; tpiuT
(Ntfk;) vd;w nghUspy; gapd;W te;Js;sjhy; ,q;F
thiof;fha; > thof;fha;> gidkuk; > gdkuk;
mJ xU tpid tbtkhFk; (Verb) mt;thNw>
miuapUs; ahkj;Jk; gfYk; JQ;rhd;
8. ~I|fhuj;jpw;F Kd;dH nkhop ,Wjpapy; tpiukyH thspnahL fUk;G tpy;Nye;jp
tUk; ‘e;j’ vd;w xyp Q;r vd;w ,ilaz;z (rpyk;G>me;jpkhiyr; rpwg;Gnra; fhij 81-82)
xypahf khWk;. (I-e;j>Q;r) tise;j>tisQ;r>
vd;w ghlybfspy; cs;s tpiu vd;w tbtk; kyu;
eide;j>eidQ;r mt;thNw gpire;j> Fioe;j> vd;gjw;F milahf te;Js;sJ. kyUf;F Kd;
fha;e;j> kha;e;j> Nja;e;j> gha;e;j te;jjhy; mJ ~kzk;|> ‘thrid’ vd;w ,U
Mfpa ,lq;fisAk; fUJjy; Ntz;Lk;. nghUl;fspNyNa Fwpj;J epd;wJ. mt;thNw
afuj;Jld; tUk; jfu milg;nghyp ‘Q;r’ Kjybapd; Kjw;rPupYs;s miu vd;w tbtk; ,Us;>
vd;w ,ilaz;z xypahf khWk;. (,Ul;L) vd;gjd; milahFk;. ,t;tplj;J „tpiu‟
vd;w tbtk; kyu; vd;w ngaUf;F milahf
(-aj->Q;r) nga;j > ngQ;r> nra;j > nrQ;r te;Js;sJ (Adjective).

34
International Journal of Linguistics and Computational Applications (IJLCA) ISSN 2394-6385 (Print)
Volume 2, Issue 1, January - March 2015 ISSN 2394-6393 (Online)

MfNt> Nkw;Rl;ba ghlybfspy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s vd;w ,lj;jpy; mfuk; Ifhukhtjpy;iy. Vnddpy;

~tpiu‟ vd;w ,uz;L tbtq;fs; mjd; vJif KuR/muR vd;w vJif mikg;ig KiuR/miuR
mikg;gpw;Nfw;g xU tbtk; Nghy; Njhd;wpdhYk; vd;W mikf;f KbahJ.
nghUz;ik mbg;gilapy; jdpj;jdp cUgd;fshfNt ehd;fpd; xuP,a ed;fdk; mwpe;J
fUJjy; Ntz;Lk;. mt;thNw ~fhrW tpiuNa| %d;wse; njhd;W nfhl;b mjid
vd;gjpYs;s tpiu vd;gij tpj;J vd;gjd; xyp Ie;J kz;byj;jhw; $il Nghf;fp
khw;w tbtkhff; fUJjy; Ntz;Lk;. te;jthuk; top kaq;fpa gpd;id
ftpijapy;> ~fhrW tpj;Nj my;yJ fhrW MWk; ehYk; mk;Kiw Nghf;fp
tpijNa| vd;W mikg;gijf; fhl;bYk; fhrW (rpyk;G> muq;Nfw;Wf; fhij 150-154)
tpiuNa vd;wikg;gjpy; Xir FiwT Vw;gLtjpy;iy.
MfNt ‘fhrW tpiuNa| vd;W mikj;jpUf;fyhk;. vd;w ghlybfspy; jkpo; vz;Zg;ngaHfshd
NkYk; nghd; vd;w nghUspd; Nkd;ikiaf; xd;W> %d;W> ehd;F> Ie;J> MW MfpaNt
Fwpg;gjw;F ~khrW| vd;w nrhy; milahf te;Js;sJ. Fwpf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. ,jpy; cs;s ehd;F Kjyhd
~Kj;J| vd;w nghUspd; Nkd;ikiaf; Fwpf;f vz;Zg;ngaHfs; KOtJk; nra;As; tof;F
~tyk;Gup| vd;w nrhy; te;Js;sJ. mJNghyj;jhd; tbtq;fshFk;. njhy;fhg;gpaj;jpy; ehd;F vd;w tbtk;
tpj;J vd;w nghUspd; Nkd;ikiaf; Fwpf;f fhrW kpFjpahd ,lq;fspy; gapyg;gl;Ls;sd. mNj rkak;
vd;w nrhy; milahf te;Js;sJ. NkYk; ,g;ghlypy; ehd;F vd;gjd; xypkhw;w tbtkhd ehY vd;w
cs;s nghd;> Kj;J> fUk;G> Njd; vd;gitnay;yhk; tbtKk; gad;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ.
cUtg; nghUs;fshf ,Uf;f> tpiu vd;gJ kl;Lk; “ehypuz; lhFk; ghYkh Uz;Nl"
mUtg; nghUshf ,Ug;gjw;F tha;g;gpy;iy. MfNt> (njhy;. 1196)
e.K.Ntq;flrhkp ehl;lhH ciuabg;gilapy; tpiu Nkw;Rl;ba rpyg;gjpfhug; ghlypy; $l> MWk;
vd;w tbtj;ij tpj;J vd;w tbtj;jpd; xyp khw;w ehYk; mk;Kiw Nghf;fp vd;gjpy; ehY vd;w
tbtkhfNt fUJjy; Ntz;Lk;. tbtj;jpw;F Vw;w vJifaikg;G ,y;iynad;whYk;
miurpay; gpioj;NjhHf; fwq;; $w;whtJ}ck; Xir fUjp mt;thW Fwpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. Vnddpy;>
ciurhy; gj;jpdpf; FaHe;NjhH Vj;jYk; MWk; ehYk; vd;w mbapYs;s “ehY“ vd;gjw;Fg;
Co;tpid cUj;Jte; J}l;Lk; vd;gJ}ck; gjpyhf “ehd;F“ vd;W nrhy;yg;ngWkhdhy; mjd;
#o;tpidr; rpyk;G fhuzkhfr; XirapYk; xypf;Fk; mstpYk; (khj;jpiu) khw;wk;
rpyg;gjpfhuk; vd;Dk; ngauhy; epfOk.; vdNt ,t;nthypr; RUf;fk; (fhy msT)
ehl;LJk; ahNkhH ghl;Lilr; nra;As; fUjpNa mt;thW miof;fg;gl;Ls;sik njspthfpwJ.
(rpyk;G> gjpfk; 55-60) ,t;tplj;jpy; vJif mikg;gpy; mike;j xU
ntz;ghitr; Rl;LtJ nghUj;jkhf mikAk;.
miuRNfhy; NfhbDk;> mwq;$W mitaj;J> xd;W kpUgJ nkhd;gJk; gj;JlNd
ciuE}y; Nfhb xUjpwk; gw;wpDk; epd;w gjpdhd;Fk; gpd;NdOk; - Fd;whj
(rpyk;G> ,e;jputpot+u; vLj;j fhij 135-136) ehy;tif ahopf;F ed;duk;G
nrhd;KiwNa
vd;gJ rpyg;gjpfhug; ghapuk;. ,jpYs;s miurpay; Nky;tif E}NyhH top
vd;w tbtk; ~murpay;| vd;gjd; xypj;jpupG.
kugpyf;fzj;jhH ,k;khw;wj;ij vOj;Jg; Nghyp vd;gH. vd;w ,g;ghlypd; ,Wjp mbapy; Kjw;rPupy; cs;s
nkhopapil mfuk; IfhukhFk; vd;gJ tpjp. muR vJiff;Nfw;gNt (Nky;) %d;whk; mbapd; Kjw;rPH
vd;W mikahky; ~miuR| miurpay; vd;W “ehy;“ (ehd;F) vd;W mikf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
mike;jik ,jd; ghw;gl;likNa MFk;. jkpo;f; ftpij kugpy; vz;zw;w xypkhw;w
murpay; > miurpay;> (-m- > I) tbtq;fs; fhzf;fplf;fpd;wd vd;gij
muR >miuR> muaH / miuaH (-u->I) cWjpg;gLj;Jk; xU rpW Kaw;rpNa
Nkw;Rl;ba ,t;NthupU vLj;Jfhl;Lfs;.
ciurhy; gj;jpdpf;Fau;e;Njhu; vd;gjpYs;s Ngr;Rnkhopr; nrhw;fs; NrUk;NghNj jkpo;f; ftpij
vJifahfpa ~iu|fhuj;jpw;F ,izahfNt mLj;j kuG nrOik ngWfpwJ. KOik milfpwJ
mbapd; vJifahf „iu‟fhuk; gad;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ. vd;gJ ,jd;top ngwg;gLk; KbghFk;.
vdNt ,g;ghl;bd; Kjybapy; murpay;
vd;Wk; ,uz;lhtJ mbapy; ciurhy; vd;Wk; M.Vfhk;guk; [k;gJf;Fk; Nkw;gl;l Ma;Tf;
mike;jhy; Xir eak; nfLk;. fl;Liufs.; gj;jpw;Fk; Nkw;gl;l
Mdhy;> E}y;fs.; ,jpy; “rhjp tWik muR” vd;w
Kurpak;gpd KUljpHe;jd KiwnaOe;jd gzpyk; E}y; rpwe;j E}Yf;fhd gupR ngw;w E}yhFk;.
ntz;Fil Ma;Tj; jpl;lk; FWe;jpl;l Ma;T (Minor
munrOe;jnjhu; gb vOe;jd mfYs; kq;fy mzp Project) ngUe;jpl;l Ma;T(UGC-MRP)
vOe;jJs tpUJfs;: fy;tpr; nrk;ky;, Mrpupar; nrk;ky;,
(rpyk;G> kq;fy tho;j;Jg; ghly; 45-46)

35