Group Work: Group quiz #1 KEY

First Meeting:
PROBLEMS:
4.0 (1) What is the pH of a 0.0001 M HNO3 solution?
SOLUTION: Strong acid so, pH = -log[HNO3] = -log(0.0004)=-log(1x10-4)=4.0

10.0 (2) What is the pH of a 0.0001 M NaOH solution?

SOLUTION: Strong base so, pOH = -log[NaOH] = -log(0.0004)=-log(1x10-4)=4.0
pH = 14.0-pOH = 14.0 – 4.0 = 10.0 (makes sense since we expect basic solution).

4.5 (3) What is the pH of a solution made up by adding 100 mL of .0001 M HCl to 50 mL of 1.0 x10-4
M NaOH?
SOLUTION: Determine concentration of remaining major species:
mmol HCl present initially=(100mL)(.0001M)=.01mmol mmol NaOH added=(50)(1x10-4)=5x10-3=.005.
mmol HCl remaining = (.01 - .005) =.005 mmol HCl.
[HCl]final = .005mmol/(total mLs) = (.005)/(100+50)=3.33x10-5M. pH=-log(3.33x10-5)=4.5

9.5 (4) What is the pH of a solution made up by adding 100 mL of 1.0 x10-4 M NaOH to 50 mL of
.0001 M HCl?
SOLUTION: Determine concentration of remaining major species:
mmol NaOH present initially=(100mL)(.0001M)=.01mmol; mmol HCl added=(50)(1x10-4)=5x10-3=.005.
mmol HCl remaining = (.01 - .005) =.005 mmol HCl. [NaOH]final = .005mmol/(total mLs) =
(.005)/(100+50)=3.33x10-5M. pOH=-log(3.33x10-5)=4.5; pH=14.0-4.5=9.5

.01M (5) What is [H+] in a solution made up by mixing 1.0 mL 1.0 M HCl and 99.0 mL water?
SOLUTION: Determine concentration of remaining major species:
[HCl]final = [HCl]0(dilution factor) = (1.0M)(1.0/100.0)=1.0x10-2M = .01M

1.3x10-3M (6) What is the [H+] in a solution of 0.10 M HOAc (acetic acid, Ka = 1.8 x 10-5)?
SOLUTION: This is a pure weak acid solution, so use Ka equilibrium: (write HA<==>H++A-
Ka = [H+][A-]/[HA]; but here, [H+][A-]=x, 1.8x10-5 = x2/.10 => x =
(.10)(1.8x10-5)=1.3x10-3M H+.

8.87 (7) What is the pH of a solution of 0.10 M NaOAc (Ka = 1.8 x 10-5M for HOAc)?
SOLUTION: A pure weak base solution, use Kb equilibrium: (write A-+H2O<==>HA+OH-) Kb =Kw/Ka
=1.0x10-14/1.8x10-5 = 5.6x10-10; Kb=[HA][OH-]/[A-]; here, [OH-][HA]=x, 5.6x10-10= x2/.10
=> x =
(.10)( 5.6x10-10)=7.48x10-6M = [OH-]; pOH=-log(7.48x10-6)= 5.13. pH = 14.00-5.13 =8.87

2.87 (8) What is the pOH of a solution of 0.10 M NH3 (ammonia, Kb = 1.8x 10-5 M?
SOLUTION: This is a pure weak base solution, so use Kb equilibrium: (write B+H2O<==>BH++OH-
Kb = [BH+][OH-]/[B]; but here, [OH-][BH+]=x, 1.8x10-5 = x2/.10 => x =
(.10)(1.8x10-5)=1.34x10-3M OH-.
pOH=-log(1.34x10-3)= 2.87.

7.96 (9) What is the pH of a solution containing 1.0x10-3 M NH3 and .020M NH4Cl?
SOLUTION: This is a buffer (mixture of a weak base and its conjugate acid). Use Henderson-Hasselbalch
equation: pH = pKa + log{ [base]/[acid]}. We get pKa from Kb. pKb = -log(Kb)=-log(1.8x10-5)=4.74
PKa = 14.00-4.74=9.26. so pH = 9.26 + log{1.0x10-3/.020}=7.96