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Answer all questions. Be careful to give your final answer to the correct sig. figs.
1. a) (3 points) The acetate ion (CH3COO-) is a weak base. Write down the
base-ionization equation for CH3COO- in water.
CH3COO- (aq) + H2O (l) ⇌ CH3COOH (aq) + OH- (aq)
b) (2 points) Which one of the following salts will give a basic solution
when dissolved in water? Circle your choice.
(2 points) Write an equation for the reaction that occurs when the salt
dissolves in water and makes the solution basic, or state why none do.
CO32- (aq) + H2O (l) ⇌ HCO3- (aq) + OH- (aq)
c) (2 points) Which one of the following salts will give an acidic solution
when dissolved in water? Circle your choice.
(2 points) Write an equation for the reaction that occurs when the salt
dissolves in water and makes the solution acidic, or state why none do.
FeCl3 (s) + 6 H2O (l) → [Fe(H2O)6]3+ (aq)
Then, [Fe(H2O)6]3+ + H2O (l) ⇌ [Fe(H2O)5(OH)]2+ + H3O+ (aq)
3. (a) (8 points) What is the pH of a buffer solution prepared from
adding 60.0 mL of 0.36 M ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) solution to 50.0 mL of
0.54 M ammonia (NH3) solution? (Kb for NH3 is 1.8 x 10-5).
new volume (Vf) = (60.0 + 50.0) mL = 110.0 mL
MV (0.36 M)(60.0 mL)
new [NH4+] = i i = = 0.196 M
V 110.0 mL
f
MV (0.54 M)(50.0 mL)
new [NH3] = i i = = 0.245 M
V 110.0 mL
f
+
Ka (NH4 ) = Kw/Kb(NH3) = (1.0 x 10-14)/(1.8 x 10-5) = 5.6 x 10-10
[base] [0.245]
pH = pKa + log = 9.25 + log = 9.25 + 0.097 = 9.35
[acid] [0.196]
OR
n(NH4+) = MV = (60.0 mL)(10-3L/mL)(0.36 M) = 2.16 x 10-2 mol
∴ pH = 9.35
(b) (13 points) What is the final pH after 10.0 mL of 0.200 M NaOH
solution is added to a 50.0 mL solution of 0.400 M acetic acid (CH3COOH)?
Ka for acetic acid is 1.8 x 10-5.
[base] [0.033]
pH = pKa + log = 4.74 + log = 4.74 - 0.357 = 3.78
[acid] [0.300]
OR CH3COOH (aq) + H2O(l) ⇌ CH3COO- (aq) + H3O+ (aq)
[I] 0.300 M 0.033 M 0
[C] -x +x +x
[E] (0.300 -x) (0.033 + x) x
4. (5 points) Calculate the solubility of the salt M3X4 (containing M4+ and X3-
ions) if the Ksp = 4.2 x 10-8
M3X4 (s) ⇌ 3 M4+ (aq) + 4 X3- (aq)
I (solid) 0 0
C -x +3x +4x
E (solid) 3x 4x