COMPOSERS OF THE ROMANTIC

PERIOD
1780-1910

CONTENT STANDARD:

Demonstrates understanding of salient features of music from different historical periods;

Demonstrates the commonalities and differences of music from different cultures of the
world; its functions; the roles of musicians in society; and the conditions under which
music is typically performed.

PERFORMANCE STANDARD:

Performs examples of music from the different periods alone and with others, in
appropriate tone, pitch, rhythm, expression and style;

Participates in a presentation of a creative interpretation of the different historical

periods.

LEARNING COMPETENIES:

Sings accurately alone and/or with others representative examples of songs of the
Romantic Period.

Improvises simple rhythmic/harmonic accompaniments to selected songs.

Analyzes examples of music from the Romantic period and describes how the musical
elements are used.

Explores ways of producing sounds on a variety of sound sources that would be

similar to the sound of the instrument studied.

Analyzes the relationship of functions of the music of the Romantic Period to the lives
of the people in those times.

Correlates the distinguishing characteristics of representative music from the

Romantic Period to history and culture.

Evaluates music and music performances using knowledge of musical elements and
style.
 COMPOSERS OF THE ROMANTIC PERIOD

COMPOSERS OF THE
ROMANTIC PERIOD
1780-1910

LOYVIC CABRIANA GABITO

loyvic.gabito@deped.gov.ph
  COMPOSERS OF THE ROMANTIC PERIOD

The People Behind this Era

COMPOSERS OF FREDERIC CHOPIN

THE ROMANTIC Frédéric Chopin

PERIOD was born Fryderyk

Franciszek Szopen
on March 1, 1810, in
1780-1910
the small village of
Zelazowa Wola,
Duchy of Warsaw
Romantic music refers to Western
music composed in the late 18th century to (now Poland). His
http://www.tundefolawiyo.org.uk/tunde
-folawiyo-life-legacy-frederic-chopin/

the 19th century. Composers and artists Father, Nicholas, was a French émigré who
believed in letting their imagination and was working as a bookkeeper when he met
passion be seen through their works. and married Justyna Krzyzanowska. Soon
Romantic Period is described as a cultural
after Frédéric was born, Nicholas found
movement that stressed emotion,
imagination, individualism and freedom of employment as a tutor for aristocratic families
expression. in Warsaw.

By 1818, Chopin was performing in

http://assets8.classicfm.com/2012/34/faun-1345563606-article-0.jpg
elegant salons and writing his own
compositions, including the Polonaise in G
Minor. By 1826, he had composed several
piano pieces in different styles, and his
parents enrolled him in the Warsaw
Conservatory of Music, where he studied for
three years under Polish composer Josef
Elsner.

Chopin found his delicate style didn't

Around 1830, the Romantic period
always enthrall the larger concert audiences
slowly emerged from the delicate form of the
in Paris, who had been exposed to the works
Classical period, breaking musical
of Franz Schubert and Ludwig van
boundaries and expanding orchestral forces
Beethoven. A fortuitous introduction to the
to embody emotions and extra-musical ideas
Rothschild family opened new doors,
they had never embodied before.
however, and Chopin soon found
Composers embraced their employment in the great parlors of Paris as
passionate side and attempted to use music both recitalist and teacher. His increased
to express deep emotions like love, grief and income allowed him to live well and compose
tragedy, and simply found the rigid forms such pieces as Nocturnes of Opp. 9 and 15,
used by their musical forefathers. the Scherzo in B-flat minor, Op. 31 and the
Sonata in B-flat minor, Op. 35.
 COMPOSERS OF THE ROMANTIC PERIOD
FRANZ LISZT
Franz Liszt, one of
the most impressive
figures in all of music
history, was born on
October 22, 1811, in
Raiding, Hungary.
His father, Adam,
played the cello, as
well as several other
http://piano4life.com/C_Liszt.htm
instruments, and passionately taught Franz
how to play piano. By the age of 6, young
Liszt was recognized as a child prodigy; by
the age of 8, he was composing elementary
works; and by the age of 9, he was appearing
in concerts. His father worked as a secretary
for Prince Nicholas Esterhazy, and, after the
boy played for a group of wealthy sponsors,
he asked the prince for extended leave so he
could devote his time to enriching his son's
musical education.
In 1833, at the age of 22, Liszt met the
Comtesse Marie d'Agoult. Inspired by love
and nature, he composed several
impressions of the Swiss countryside in
"Album d'un voyageur," which would later
surface as the "Années de Pèlerinage"
("Years of Pilgrimage"). In 1834, Liszt
debuted his piano compositions "Harmonies
poétiques et religieuses" and a set of three
"Apparitions."
Strengthened by new works and
several public performances, Liszt began to
take Europe by storm. His reputation was
bolstered even further by the fact that he gave
away many of his concert proceeds to
charities and humanitarian causes.
CAMILLE SAINT-SAENS
Camille Saint-Saëns,
French composer and
organist who wrote the
popular opera Samson et
Dalilah. He was also writing
poems, essays and plays.
Saint-Saëns was
born in Paris on October 9,
1835. He was one of the
http://www.allmusic.com/artist/camil
le-saint-sa%C3%ABns-mn0000688311
most precocious musicians ever, beginning
piano lessons with his aunt at two-and-a-half
and composing his first work at three. At age
seven he studied composition with Pierre
Maledin.
When he was ten, he gave a concert
that included Beethoven's Third Piano
Concerto, Mozart's B flat Concerto, K. 460,
along with works by Bach, Handel, and
Hummel. In his academic studies, he
displayed the same genius, learning
languages and advanced mathematics with
ease and celerity. He would also develop
keen, lifelong interests in geology and
astronomy.
In 1848, he entered the Paris
Conservatory and studied organ and
composition, the latter with Halévy. By his
early twenties, following the composition of
two symphonies, he had won the admiration
and support of Berlioz, Liszt, Gounod,
Rossini, and other notable figures. From 1853
to 1876, he held church organist posts; he
also taught at the École Niedermeyer (1861-
1865). He composed much throughout his
early years, turning out the 1853 Symphony
in F ("Urbs Roma"), a Mass (1855) and
several concertos, including the popular
second, for piano (1868).

HECTOR BERLIOZ
The arch-Romantic
composer, Berlioz’s
life was all that you’d
expect – turbulent,
passionate, ecstatic
and melancholic by
turn, eccentric,
http://www.prestoclassical.co.uk/search.ph
excessive, egotistic.
p?searchString=berlioz
His influence on modern orchestral sound
was profound; he propagated the ideal of
programme music (music that describes
works of art or literature). It was a remarkable
life and the best account of it is his own,
arguably the finest autobiography of any
composer.
In 1830, only three years after the death of
Beethoven, Berlioz composed his most
famous work, the programmatic Symphonie
fantastique. Having an autobiographical
basis, the piece is a highly romantic program
symphony in five movements, the story of
which tells of an artist who, unhappy in love,
takes an overdose of opium and dreams of his
own passions and desires, his beloved, her
murder, and his own death. Berlioz had seen
the Irish actress Harriet Smithson perform in
Shakespeare's Hamlet and had fallen
passionately, even hysterically in love with
her. He intended to immortalize his love in
music with his symphonie. The artist's
beloved is represented throughout the work
by a melodic motif known as the idée fixe, a
device which serves to unify the disparate
elements of the symphony. The fourth
movement is entitled "March to the Scaffold,"
and depicts the protagonist's dream of his
own execution for having killed his faithless
beloved. The symphony was wildly
successful at its premiere, and made a name
for its young composer, if not a fortune.
 COMPOSERS OF THE ROMANTIC PERIOD
The final years of Berlioz’s life were
miserable: he believed he was a failure as a
composer and conductor in his own country;
he knew his most productive days were over
– a fact that deeply depressed him; his health
began to give out and his marriage was
unhappy. The death of his only child (a son
from his marriage to Harriet Smithson) of
yellow fever in Havana came as a final blow.
At his funeral, his body was carried by
Gounod, Ambroise Thomas and other famous
French musicians to its final resting place in
Montmartre. The music was his own funeral
march from the Grande symphonie funèbre et
triomphale.
PETER ILYCH TCHAIKOVSKY
Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky,
Tchaikovsky also spelled
Chaikovsky, Chaikovskii,
or Tschaikowsky, name in
full Anglicized as Peter Ilich
Tchaikovsky (born April 25
[May 7, New Style], 1840,
Votkinsk,
http://www.notablebiographies.com/Russia—died
St-Tr/Tchaikovsky-Peter-Ilyich.html
October 25 [November 6], 1893, St.
Petersburg) the most popular Russian
composer of all time. His music has always
had great appeal for the general public in
virtue of its tuneful, open-hearted melodies,
impressive harmonies, and colourful,
picturesque orchestration, all of which evoke
a profound emotional response. His oeuvre
includes 7 symphonies, 11 operas, 3 ballets,
5 suites, 3 piano concertos, a violin concerto,
11 overtures (strictly speaking, 3 overtures
and 8 single movement programmatic
orchestral works), 4 cantatas, 20 choral
works, 3 string quartets, a string sextet, and
more than 100 songs and piano pieces.
 COMPOSERS OF THE ROMANTIC PERIOD

During the 1870s and later, there was astonishing success, for he contracted
considerable communication between cholera (a disease of the small intestine) and
Tchaikovsky and the Rubinsteins on the one died, still complaining about Von Meck, on
November 6, 1893.
hand and the members of the "Mighty Five"
Russian composers—Balakirev, Aleksandr
Borodin (1834–1887), Modest Mussorgsky
(1839–1881), Nicolai Rimsky-Korsakov
(1844–1908), and César Cui—on the other. It
was widely reported that the two groups did
not get along, but this was not true.
Tchaikovsky worked as an all-around
musician in the early 1870s, and, as was
expected of a representative of the IRMS, he
taught, composed, wrote critical essays, and
conducted (although he was not a great
conductor). In 1875 he composed what is
perhaps his most universally known and
loved work, the Piano Concerto No. 1. Anton
Rubinstein mocked the piece, although he
himself often performed it years later as a
concert pianist. Also popular was
Tchaikovsky's ballet Swan Lake (1876). It is
the most successful

Tchaikovsky's fame and his activity

now extended to all of Europe and America.
To rest from his public appearances he chose
a country retreat in Klin near Moscow. From
this he became known as the "Hermit of Klin,"
although he was never a hermit. In 1890 he
finished the opera Queen of Spades, based
on a story by the Russian poet Aleksandr
Pushkin (1799–1837). Tchaikovsky was
happy when, despite the criticism of
"experts," the opera was well received. In late
1890 Von Meck cut him off. He had reached
the point where he no longer depended on her
money, but he was still upset by her rejection.

The Sixth Symphony was first heard in

October 1893, with the composer conducting.
This work, named at Modeste's suggestion
Pathétique, was poorly received—very likely
because of Tchaikovsky's conducting.
Tchaikovsky never knew of its eventual
SUGGESTED ACTIVITIES

Activity 1: MUSIC MATCH

Match the descriptions in Column A with the respective musical terms in Column B.

COLUMN A COLUMN B

1 A stately, march-like Polish dance a Polonaise

2 An action preceding a more important one b Prelude
3 A Polish dance adopted from ballet form c Mazurka
4 A piece for the development of a technique d Etude
5 Composition of a pensive, dreamy mood e Nocturne
6 Composition for one or more solo instrument f Sonata
7 Devotion to the interest or culture of one's nation g Nationalism
8 Intended as an introduction to an extended work h Overture
9 The arch Romantic composer i Hector Berlioz
10 A composition resulted from depression j Synphonie Fantastique

Activity 2: WHAT’S MY NAME?

Name the following Romantic Period composers.

 COMPOSERS OF THE ROMANTIC PERIOD

ACTIVITY 3: CROSSWORD PUZZLE

HORIZONTAL

In a quick, lively tempo, usually considered to

1 be faster than allegretto but slower than
presto.
A musician who performs with masterly ability,
6
technique, or personal style
An introductory performance, event, or action
7
preceding a more important one.
A Polish dance resembling the polka,
9
frequently adopted as a ballet form
A composer and the busiest musician during
10
the romantic era
A dance in triple time performed by a couple
who, as a pair, turn rhythmically around and
11
around as they progress around the dance
floor

A musical piece adapted from a verse form. It VERTICAL

15 usually consists of three stanzas of eight or ten In a very slow tempo, usually
lines each along with a brief representation, considered to be slower than adagio,
2
and with great dignity. Used chiefly as
a direction.
Rhythmic flexibility within a phrase or A piece composed for the
16
measure; a relaxation of strict time 3 development of a specific point of
technique.
First studied law and became a law clerk in St. An instrumental composition intended
Petersburg in his twenties. He rebelled and especially as an introduction to an
17 4
began to study music at the conservatory also extended work, such as an opera or
in St. Petersburg. oratorio
An instrumental composition of a
5 pensive, dreamy mood, especially one
ADAGIO for the piano.
ALLEGRO A theatrical presentation of group or
BALLADE solo dancing to a musical
BALLET 8 accompaniment, usually with costume
ETUDE and scenic effects, conveying a story
LISZT or theme.
LARGO In a slow tempo, usually considered to
MAZURKA be slower than andante but faster
NOCTURNE 12
than larghetto. Used chiefly as a
OVERTURE direction for tempo
PRELUDE
RUBATO He was considered as a composer who
SAENS 13 creates elegant music, neat, clean,
VIRTUOSO polished and never excessive.
WALTZ
  COMPOSERS OF THE ROMANTIC PERIOD

Activity 4: WORD SEARCH

 COMPOSERS OF THE ROMANTIC PERIOD

Activity 5: WORD SCRAMBLE

Rearrange the scrambled letters below to form a word.
  COMPOSERS OF THE ROMANTIC PERIOD

Activity 6: Mini Romantic Concert

The Class will be divided in to five groups.

Each group will be assigned to a specific Romantic Music composer.

Using indigenous materials found in your locality, the groups will perform simple melodic lines from the
assigned composer.

The teacher may provide audio/video clips to the group as their guide melody.

GROUP COMPOSER
1 FREDERIC CHOPIN
2 FRANZ LISZT
3 CAMILLE SAINT-SAENS
4 HECTOR BERLIOZ
5 PETER ILYCH TCHAIKOVSKY

PERFORMANCE RUBRICS for MELODY/ RHYTHM/TIMBRE/DYNAMICS:

Category 5 points 4 points 3 points 2 points 1 point

Melody Able to sing the Able to sing the Able to sing the Able to sing a Could not
songs in the songs in the correct songs in the correct few parts of the follow the
correct pitch pitch with only a pitch with several songs in the melodic lines
without any few mistakes. mistakes. correct pitch but
mistakes with a lot of
wrong notes.
Rhythm Able to Able to interpret the Able to interpret the Had a lot of Rhythmic
interpret all the notes and rests but notes and rests but difficulty in patterns were
notes and rests with 1-3 mistakes. with difficulty. following the not followed.
correctly or rhythmic
without mistake patterns.
Timbre Can sing the Sound quality is Sound quality is Sound quality is Weak tone
whole piece in inconsistent in some inconsistent in most airy and breathy. production
the prescribed parts of the song. parts of the song but
sound quality is clear and
beginning to be
focused in some
parts.
Dynamics Dynamics was Improper use of Improper use of Improper use of Dynamics
properly used dynamics in 1-2 dynamics in 3-4 parts dynamics in was not used
in all parts of parts of the songs. of the songs. most parts of the properly at
the song. Dynamics was Dynamics was songs. all.
properly used in the properly used in the
rest of the song. rest of the song.
 COMPOSERS OF THE ROMANTIC PERIOD

REFERENCES:

http://www.classicfm.com/discover/periods/romantic/romantic-music-beginners-guide/

https://www.google.com/search?q=FREDERIC+CHOPIN&client=firefox-
b&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjGtuWjvbrQAhWLHJQKHVQmAW4Q_AUICCgB&biw
=1366&bih=657#imgrc=t0kQ72_JyCoBRM%3A

www.biography.com/people/frederic-chopin-9247162

http://www.biography.com/people/franz-liszt-9383467#musical-career

http://www.allmusic.com/artist/camille-saint-sa%C3%ABns-mn0000688311/biography

http://www.biography.com/people/camille-saint-sa%C3%ABns-40398

http://www.gramophone.co.uk/features/focus/hector-berlioz-1803-69

http://www.ipl.org/div/mushist/rom/berlioz.html

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Pyotr-Ilyich-Tchaikovsky

http://www.tundefolawiyo.org.uk/tunde-folawiyo-life-legacy-frederic-chopin/

http://piano4life.com/

http://www.prestoclassical.co.uk/search.php?searchString=berlioz

http://www.allmusic.com/artist/camille-saint-sa%C3%ABns-mn0000688311

http://www.prestoclassical.co.uk/search.php?searchString=berlioz

http://www.notablebiographies.com/St-Tr/Tchaikovsky-Peter-Ilyich.html

http://www.education.com/worksheet-generator/reading/word-search/
 COMPOSERS OF THE ROMANTIC PERIOD