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GHANA TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY COLLEGE.

BBA (BSc Management) - LEVEL 100

NAME: ABBEY ROBERT HONESTT

INDEX NUMBER: 040919309

COURSE: LOGIC AND CRITICAL THINKING

COURSE CODE: BUS 174

COURSE EMAIL: course moodle platform

DATE: 6TH JUNE, 2020

SESSION: MORNING

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SECTION A

SOLUTIONS

How to solve food shortage in the lockdown period.

Raw Data.

1.Communities should make use of the buffer stocks.

2.Encouraging irrigational farming in communities.

3.Subsidizing agricultural inputs.

4.Educating the people on how to manage their resources.

5.Encouraging the people to don planting of vegetables which do not take long to be

harvested like maize, tomatoes, pepper, onions etc. in their various homes.

PROCESS WITH SOLUTIONS.

Coronavirus is a recently emerging deadly disease, which is fast and easily transmitted within

human and animals. Unfortunately, several individuals from different part of the world lost

and are still losing their lives as a result of been contracted with the deadly diseasese. Food

shortage is one of the problems being faced by other countries aside death. Humans need

food in order to survive and perform other functions so hence food is very important and it

should be utilized well in order not to runout of it. Below are some of the ways to ensure

there is no food shortage in the communities affected by the lockdown of covid-19.

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In the first place, communities should encourage their government to purchase food

produce from local farmers during farming seasons and storing those foods to help in case

there is food shortage or food insecurities. In the case of Ghana, we have the buffer stock

which is an organization which purchases foodstuffs from local farmers which and then

stored in large quantities and these stored foods are been sold at a cheaper price to other

institutions, local agencies, community members at cheap prices. During the lockdown

period, Ghana took some of its food from the buffer stock of which some were distributed to

the poor and needy in the society served raw or cooked meals. Therefore, in ensuring food

security during crises situations nations should be advised to practice the buffer stock system

which helps the government store foodstuffs in larger quantities to help support communities

when the need arises.

Secondly, encouraging irrigational farming, as a community one way of ensuring

food security at all times is encouraging irrigational farming. The communities and other

stakeholders should help establish dams and other water sources and also building irrigational

facilities to ensure that local farmers are able to produce food at all times no matter the

farming season. When irrigational farming is encouraged there will be more food stuffs

during the dry season especially when it comes to vegetables and other fresh food. These

foods can be kept so it will help to reduce the problem of food shortage during critical

conditions like the covid-19. It is advisable to plan ahead always before you encounter

problem.

Thirdly, we use agricultural products as a common term for range of materials,

which may be used to better agricultural productivity. Most essential among these are

fertilizers and improved seeds. All the programs reviewed subsidies fertilizer, and most of

them mix fertilizers with improved seeds in small packages. Subsidizing agriculture inputs,

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the government should come in to subsidies agricultural input such as fertilizers and farming

machines in order to make these inputs available to farmers at a cheaper price will help them

increase their farming capacity which leads to greater output. Subsidies should be targeted

specifically at farmers who do not already apply agricultural inputs, as well as the poorest and

most venerable households. This reduces the risks of displacing commercial(non-subsidized)

input sales and promote pro-poor growth.

There is strong evidence to suggest that agricultural inputs raise productivity substantially,

and that they are essential for sustaining intensive agriculture in the long term without

depleting soil fertility (Crawford et al,2006)

Last but not least, I would educate the people on how to mange their resources such as their

food and water in order for it to last long and small education on how to protect themselves

against the virus. Encourage them to also do small gardens at the back of their houses and

plant vegetables which do not take long to yield like pepper, tomatoes, onions, maize, beans

etc. so it could sustain them for the period.

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References

Banful, Afua Branoah (2009) Operational Details of the 2008 Fertilizer Subsidy in Ghana

Preliminary Report GSSP Background Paper 18, Washington D.C, IFPRI

Banful, Afua Branoah (2010a) Market-Smart? Lessons from the 2008 and 2009 fertilizer

Subsidy Programs in Ghana. GSSP Notes, the newsletter of the Ghana Strategy Support

Program, IFPRI.

Dorward, Andrew and Ephraim Chirwa (2011) The Malawi Agricultural Input Subsidy

Programme:2005-6 to 2008-9. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability 9(1).

FAO. (1987). Consultation on irrigation in Africa.

Irrigation and

Drainage paper 42, FAO, Rome.

FAO. (1985)

Survey of irrigation development costs in Nigeria, Ghana, Liberia, Sierra Leone and the

Gambia. FAO, Rome

Ferguson, C.A. (1989). Modelling water utilization in large-scale irrigation systems. A

qualitative response approach. Water Resources Bulletin (AWRA). 25(6):1199-1204.

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SECTION B.

1a. Dogs are selfless and loyal friends of man. They pass through obstacles just to make sure

they protect man. Dogs are very faithful and never love to leave their masters side. They

exhibit undying love for their masters and are able to habituate any environment they find

their selves in. They do not do things in their own will except when its needed. They do not

want their masters to see them when they are in difficult times because they don’t want them

to be sad or be a burden. They do things with strength and rests when they have nothing to

do. People on the other hand do opposite.

Therefore, people should learn the ways of the dog and rest.

b.P1: Dogs are selfless and loyal friends of man.

P2: They are faithful.

P3; They easily adapt to man’s environment.

P4: They have undying love for their masters.

P5: They do not leave man despite the harsh treatment they receive from man.

C: Therefore, a dog is truly man’s best friend.

c. ACCEPTANCE CONDITIONS(A)

P1; Dogs are selfless and loyal friends of man because they are concerned more about the

needs and wishes of others than with their own needs. For instance, dogs follow their masters

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anywhere despite the conditions of the weather. They eat any food given to them by their

masters. Hence premises (1) is acceptable.

P2; is acceptable because dogs are naturally faithful and get stuck to the person it first

knew.eg is a dog who will always come and sit by its master in good or bad conditions.

P3; is also acceptable because there a lot of people who are homeless and wandering about on

the streets who own dogs. The dogs are always with them and feel comfortable on the street.

They can survive in most environments whether rich or poor. There are also dogs that live in

harsh weather conditions and in the forest they all survive well because they easily adapt to

their environment.

P4; dogs naturally love those who take good care of them. They are never tired of their

masters. It is said that when you feed a dog a day, it remembers you for years. Dogs fight bad

people who come around their masters no matter how though it is that’s love. Hence premise

(4) is also acceptable.

P5;is also acceptable because naturally dogs are committed to their masters no matter what

they go through with their masters a dog is always a dog and an animal it will come back to

the master because it was meant to serve man.an e.g. is when you beat up a dog for following

you it still finds it way to follow you till you get to your location.

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RELEVANCE(R)

All premises are relevant to the conclusion that a dog is truly man’s best friend because

mostly, people who are loyal, selfless, loving, faithful and sacrifice their love are seen to be

best friends of the people they exhibit those characters to. Hence since dogs show those

characteristics, they are truly man’s best friend.

ADEQUATE GROUNDS(G)

All premises are acceptable and relevant to the conclusion hence, the argument is cogent.

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3. Critical thinking is the careful, deliberate determination of whether we should take in

consideration, reject or put up judgment about a claim-and of the degree of which we take

into consideration or not. Critical thinking has become very useful in recent times and its also

the back bone to survive in the new world.

In the first place, it is necessary in surviving in the new economy as we need rapid

changes. If all university students are made to learn critical thinking, there would be a lot of

critical thinkers in the nation who would be more cautious and less hasty with judgement and

often suspend their views on an issue or problem until they have really examined it and are

satisfied with their outcome in order to make good judgment which is needed in the new

economy. In this era, things are always changing and so do our problem also do, if we do not

have any idea on how to go about our problems we would be left behind. When students learn

critical thinking, they would be able to differentiate between good and bad policies political

leaders make in the nation and this will lead to voting for the right person which will bring

about changes or development in the economy. When one does not have proper thinking

skills in the economy, he or she would always be duped because there are a lot of fraudsters

who trick people and take their valuable stuff from them.

Secondly, what happens when you are not able to take good decisions? You fail.

Learning the critical use of information in making decisions would save us from making

wrong decisions like selecting a programme which doesn’t suit us, going in for jobs which

are ill suited to us, or even signing a wrong contract which could lead into great trouble.

Some people even end up marrying the wrong person of which they spend the rest of their

lives with in pain and regret. The ability of being able to make good decisions is very

essential and would save us from all the above problems. For instance, you appear in a fight

scene and take the side of the wrong person and later finding out the issue. How

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embarrassing? Learning to think critically along learning is one of the most essential skills

needed to be acquired by university students.

Thirdly, learning critical thinking helps us to reflect on our values and purposes in

life. Critical thinkers always think deeply about things they would do and make correction

where it’s possible which helps to shape their lives. If university students are made to study

critical thinking, it would broaden their knowledge so as they can reach their full potential. It

will help them to know their values and purpose as it helps them to grow and develop. When

we think critically, it makes a reflection on our values and always put us on the right track. It

makes you question your self and also examine and evaluate life activities to know your

purpose in life. There are many university students who are aimless and don’t know what

they are up to, studying critical thinking would really help to set things right.

Last but not least, critical thinking helps to improve our study skills. This is

because, critical thinking teaches you how to tackle and evaluate difficult problems so, when

students are made to study the course it will broaden their minds and help them to make good

choices in examinations. They would make good use of their problem-solving techniques to

analyze and evaluate questions easily and give solutions to similar problems when they

encounter it. They are able to fish out wrong alternatives when it comes to objective exams

and this will really help them earn good grades. When students get to know their purpose of

studying, they learn very hard to achieve it and critical thinking helps them to realize it so

therefore, it should be thought in schools.

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