Caucasus Barometer (CB)

Public Perceptions on Political, Social, and Economic issues in

South Caucasus Countries

Some findings from the CRRC 2013 data

April 18, 2014

Yerevan
CRRC Armenia
crrc@crrc.am
www.crrc.am
www.crrccenters.org
www.caucasusbarometer.org
Where We Survey
 Methodology
• Over 2,000 people in each South Caucasus country
• Representative of total adult (18+) population
• Proportional representation of demographic and
geographic groups
• Multi-stage cluster sampling, sampling error is ± 2.3%
• Household selection: Random walk method
• Respondent selection: Kish table
• Face-to-face interviews in local languages
 Content
• Domestic politics: democracy, freedom of
speech, attitude towards government system
• International relations
– various ideas for settling the Nagorno
Karabakh conflict
• Social Capital and values
• Living standards, employment, migration trends
and development perspectives
DOMESTIC POLITICS: DEMOCRACY, FREEDOM OF
SPEECH, ATTITUDE TOWARDS GOVERNMENT
SYSTEM
 P4. What do you think is the most important issue
facing country at the moment? (%)
CB2013
Armenia Azerbaijan Georgia

45
Unemployment 25
54
3
Unsolved territorial conflicts 38
10
16
Poverty 8
10
5
Low wages 7
1
5
Corruption 7
0
8
Emigration 0
0
18
Other 14
23
1
DK/RA
0
 P1. Direction in which the country's domestic politics is going (%)
CB2013
Armenia Azerbaijan Georgia

2
Politics is definitely going in the right direction 13
5

7
Politics is going mainly in the right direction 27
30

30
Politics does not change at all 32
29

21
Politics is going mainly in the wrong direction 7
13

28
Politics is definitely going in the wrong direction 3
1

11
Don't know 16
21

1
Refuse to answer 2
1
 ARMENIA
Direction in which the country's domestic politics are going (%)
CB2010-2013

Politics is definitely going in the right direction Politics is going mainly in the right direction
Politics does not change at all Politics is going mainly in the wrong direction
Politics is definitely going in the wrong direction DK/RA

2013 2 7 30 21 28 12

2011 2 11 29 20 19 19

2010 3 11 25 15 20 26
 ARMENIA
P17. How much of a democracy is country today? (%)
CB2013

A full democracy A democracy but with minor problems

A democracy but with major problems Not a democracy
Don't know

Armenia 3 14 36 34 13

Azerbaijan 17 32 22 18 11

Georgia 4 28 44 11 12
 ARMENIA
How much of a democracy is Armenia today? (%)
CB2011-2013
2013 2012 2011

3
A full democracy 5
6

14
A democracy but with minor problems 18
16

36
A democracy but with major problems 35
36

34
Not a democracy 28
27

14
Don't know 15
15
 P18. Attitude towards democracy (%)
CB2013
Armenia Azerbaijan Georgia

30
For someone like me it doesn’t matter 26
8

13
In some circumstances a non-democratic can be
7
preferred
12

47
Democracy is preferable to any other kind of government 55
61

9
DK/RA 12
19
 ARMENIA
P18. Attitude towards democracy (%)
CB2011-2013

2013 2012 2011

47
Democracy is preferable to any other
52
kind of government
55

13
In some circumstances, a non-
democratic government can be 13
preferred
11

30
For someone like me, it doesn’t matter
19
what kind of government we have
22

9
Don't know 15

11
 P2. How well TV journalists in your country inform the population (%)
CB2013

Very well Quite well In the middle Quite poorly Very poorly Don't know

Armenia 2 13 47 17 16 5

Azerbaijan 12 24 34 15 7 9

Georgia 4 22 53 7 2 12
 P8. People have the right to openly say what they think (%)
CB2013

Yes No DK/RA

Armenia 68 28 4

Azerbaijan 52 35 13

Georgia 76 13 11
 GIZ4. Agree/disagree that courts in the country are free from governmental
influence (%)
CB2013
Completely agree Agree Disagree Completely disagree Don't know Refuse to answer

Armenia 1 12 42 28 15 1

Azerbaijan 4 21 27 11 34 3

Georgia 2 31 29 4 34 1
 P15. Fairness of the most recent national elections (%)
CB2013
Completely fair To some extent fair Not at all fair Don't know Refuse to answer

Armenia 9 36 43 11 1

Azerbaijan 36 29 10 23 2

Georgia 38 41 4 17
 ARMENIA
Fairness of the most recent national elections (%)

Completely fair To some extent fair Not at all fair Don't know Refuse to answer

2013 9 36 43 11 1

2012 10 43 27 19 1

2011 12 35 33 19 1
 ARMENIA
P3. Trust towards (%)
CB2013
Fully trust Somewhat trust Neither trust not distrust Somewhat distrust Fully distrust Don't know

Religious institutions respondent belongs to 43 33 13 4 5 2

Army 28 34 16 9 11 1
Local government 11 24 26 12 23 3
Educational system 10 36 25 14 12 3
Healthcare system 9 32 28 14 16 1
Ombudsman 9 22 30 9 15 15
Banks 8 35 24 13 13 6
Police 7 23 29 13 25 2
EU 7 21 31 12 17 13
UN 7 20 32 10 16 15
President 5 14 22 15 42 2
Media 3 23 40 14 18 1
Court system 3 12 24 20 33 8
NGOs 3 15 34 15 21 13
Executive government 3 11 21 19 44 3
Parliament 2 9 20 21 45 3
Political parties 2 8 25 22 39 4
 ARMENIA
Trust towards...
(average score, 5-point scale, where ‘1’ means “Fully distrust”,
and ‘5’ means “Fully trust”)

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

3.2 3.3
3.1
3.0 2.9
2.9 2.8
2.8
2.7 2.7 2.6
2.5 2.6 2.6
2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.5
2.3
2.2
2.0 2.1
2.0

Parlament Executive Government President

 ARMENIA
Paid bribe (%)

Yes No DK

2013 4 95 1
Armenia

2012 6 93 1

2011 6 91 3

2010 9 91

2013 24 64 11
Azerbaijan

2012 20 71 9

2011 27 64 9

2010 30 63 7

2013 1 97 1

2012 1 97 2
Georgia

2011 1 99

2010 1 98 1
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
 ARMENIA
P19-P21. Support of membership in... (%)
CB2013
Fully support Rather support Equally support and don't support
Rather not support Don't support at all Don't know

Eurasian Economic Community 31 24 21 5 8 11

EU 16 25 25 10 13 11

NATO 9 17 30 11 17 16
 P20. Support of country's membership in EU (%)
CB2013
Fully support Rather support Equally support and don't support
Rather not support Don't support at all DK/RA

Armenia 16 25 25 10 13 11

Azerbaijan 16 18 32 9 8 17

Georgia 34 31 17 4 4 10
 P21. Support of country's membership in Eurasian Economic Community (%)
CB2013
Fully support Rather support Equally support and don't support
Rather not support Don't support at all Don't know

Armenia 31 24 21 5 8 11

Georgia 14 18 17 7 17 27
VARIOUS IDEAS FOR SETTLING THE
NAGORNO KARABAKH CONFLICT
 RC2.1. How likely to find a solution by peaceful negotiation? (%)
CB2013

Very likely Rather likely Rather unlikely Very unlikely Don't know

Armenia 28 26 15 16 15

Azerbaijan 35 20 17 22 6

Georgia 9 34 17 11 29
 ARMENIA
RC3. Are you favour/not accept?
Definitely favor Accept under certain circumstances Never accept Indifferent DK/RA

Have NK as a formal part of Armenia 73 13 7 3 5

Have NK as an independent country 54 17 23 25

Create a special administrative region governed jointly 12 88 4 6

Have NK with a high degree of autonomy within Azerbaijan 1 91 4 5

Have NK in Azerbaijan without autonomy 1 91 4 5

 AZERBAIJAN
RC3. Favor/not accept (%)
CB2013
Definitely favor Accept under certain circumstances Never accept Indifferent DK/RA

Have NK in Azerbaijan without autonomy 94 33

Have NK with a high degree of autonomy within Azerbaijan 31 19 44 5

Create a special administrative region governed jointly 4 90 6

Have NK as an independent country 10 81 9

Have NK as a formal part of Armenia 0.4 95 4

 Favor/not accept (%)
CB2011, 2013

Definitely favor Accept under certain circumstances Never accept Indifferent Don't know

2013 2 91 4 5
Armenia

2011 2 3 77 18

2013 31 19 44 5
Azerbaijan

2011 23 28 40 9
 ARMENIA
P22. Main friend of the country (%)

2013 2012

83
Russia
77

5
France
9

4
Don't know
5

4
No one
4

2
Georgia
2

1
Iran
1

1
Other
2
 ARMENIA
P23. Main enemy of the country (%)
2013 2012

66
Azerbaijan
63

28
Turkey
32

2
USA
2

1
Iran
1

1
France
1

1
Russia

1
Georgia

1
Don't know
1
 ARMENIA
N7. Approval of doing business with... (%)
CB2013

Approve Disapprove Don't know

Armenians 91 8 1

Russians 89 10 1

Europeans 76 21 3

Americans 75 21 4

Georgians 67 31 2

Molokans 58 38 4

Kurds, Yezidis 57 40 3

Iranians 52 46 2

Jews 51 45 4

Turks 31 67 2

Azerbaijanis 22 76 1
 ARMENIA
N8. Approval of women marrying (%)
CB2013
Approve Disapprove Don't know

Armenians 98 1

Russians 46 54 1

Europeans 38 61 1

Americans 36 62 1

Georgians 29 70 1

Jews 18 81 1

Molokans 17 82 2

Kurds, Yezidis 10 89 1

Iranians 10 89 1

Turks 4 95 1

Azerbaijanis 4 96 1
SOCIAL CAPITAL AND VALUES
 J20. The most important factor for getting a good job (%)
CB2013
Armenia Azerbaijan Georgia

27
Connections 19
30
19
Education 35
28
Professional abilities work 12
11
experience 12
10
Hard work 8
7
9
Age 4
3
Doing favors for the ‘right’ 7
14
people 3
6
Luck 4
9
6
Appearance 1
1
2
Don't know 1
2
1
Talent 3
5
1
Other 1
1
 C15. Which of the following, in your opinion, will contribute to your children being
better off? (of the respondents who think their children will be better off; %)
CB2013

Education Economic situation in the country

Ability to work hard God’s blessing
Luck Connections
Talent Political environment in the country

Armenia 28 16 10 11 17 4 12 5 5 2

Azerbaijan 41 16 8 8 4 8 8 12 4

Georgia 28 16 15 13 5 2 3 4 1 8 5
 D17. What do you think is the ideal number of children per family
in country? (%)
CB2013
One Two Three Four Five Six or more Whatever number the God will give us DK

Armenia 2 19 45 23 4 4 12

Azerbaijan 3 34 20 11 4 2 22 3

Georgia 13 45 23 6 1 9 3
 N14.1. To what extent, in your opinion, the following action can be justified or not:
Getting a divorce (%)
CB2013

Can always be justified 5 4 3 2 Can never be justified 1 DK/RA

Armenia 7 8 25 14 43 3

Azerbaijan 23 17 16 55 7

Georgia 4 7 27 14 41 6
 N14.2. To what extent, in your opinion, the following action can be justified or not:
Having an abortion (%)
CB2013

Can always be justified 5 4 3 2 Can never be justified 1 DK/RA

Armenia 4 5 19 12 56 4

Azerbaijan 1 2 11 12 44 30

Georgia 11 11 9 69 9
 N14.3. To what extent, in your opinion, the following action can be justified or not:
Cheating on one’s spouse (%)
CB2013

Can always be justified 5 4 3 2 Can never be justified 1 DK/RA

Armenia 11 4 4 88 2

Azerbaijan 2 88 9

Georgia 1 3 3 90 4
 P16. Important for a good citizen - vote in elections (%)
CB2013
Armenia Azerbaijan Georgia

61
Extremely important 44
70
12
9 10
6
8
8 11
7
4
7 6
3
2
6 4
2
6
5 12
5
1
4 2
1
1
3 2

1
2
1
3
Not important at all 3
1
2
Don't know 6
3
 P14. Did you vote in the last national elections? (%)
CB2013
Yes No

87 86

73

27

13 14

Armenia Azerbaijan Georgia

LIVING STANDARDS, EMPLOYMENT, MIGRATION
TRENDS AND DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVES
 ARMENIA
J1. Primary activity or situation (%)
CB2013

Have a job (employee) 32

Housewife not working 18

Unemployed 17

Retired not working 16

Self-employed 12

Student not working 4

Disabled 1
 J10. Overall, how satisfied or dissatisfied are you with your job?
(of the respondents who reported being employed; %)
CB2013

Very satisfied Somewhat satisfied In the middle

Somewhat dissatisfied Very dissatisfied DK/RA

Armenia 12 21 41 14 12

Azerbaijan 23 50 15 8 4 1

Georgia 6 26 52 11 4 1
 ARMENIA
J12. Personal income last month (%)
CB2013

0 30

Up to 20,000 AMD 9

20,001-40,000 AMD 20

40,001-100,000 AMD 22

100,001-162,000AMD 12

162,001-325,000 AMD 3

325,001-488,000 AMD 1

More than 488,001 AMD 0

DK/RA 3
 J13-J14. Do you currently have any personal savings or debts? (%)
CB2013

Yes No DK/RA

Savings 12 88
Armenia

Debts 51 49

Savings 18 80 2
Azerbaijan

Debts 34 66

Savings 11 89 1
Georgia

Debts 41 58
 C13. Minimal monthly income for normal life (%)
CB2013

USD 51– 100 USD 101 – 250 USD 251 – 400 USD 401 – 800
USD 801 – 1200 More than USD 1200 Don't know

Armenia 3 9 29 22 34 2

Azerbaijan 2 17 21 58 2

Georgia 1 4 15 33 25 21 2
 D23-D24. Interest in emigration (%)
CB2013
Yes No Don't know

Armenia 60 39 1
temporary emigration

Azerbaijan 49 48 3

Georgia 44 54 3

Armenia 31 67 2
permanent emigration

Azerbaijan 20 77 3

Georgia 7 91 2
 ARMENIA
Do you have any close friends currently living abroad, outside the borders of
Armenia? (%)
CB2013

Yes No

2013 67 33

2012 56 44

2011 45 55

2010 47 53
 ARMENIA
Do you have any family member or close relative currently living abroad, outside
the borders of Armenia? (%)
CB2013

Yes No

2013 83 17

2012 80 20

2011 68 32

2010 63 37
 C14. Perceived financial situation of children when they are of respondent’s age
(%)
CB2013
Armenia Azerbaijan Georgia

52

40

35

30 29
26

18
17
15
12
9
7 6
3 2

Better off The same Worse off Not applicable – No Don't know
children
C10-C11. Households economic rung (average score, 10-point scale, where ‘1’ is
the lowest stage and 10 is the highest)
CB2013
Current Perceived (in 5 years)

6.61

5.20 5.29

4.36 4.33 4.42

Armenia Azerbaijan Georgia

 How happy would you say you are? (average score, 10-point scale, where ‘10’
means “Extremely happy”,
and ‘1’ means “Extremely unhappy”)
CB2010-2013
2013 2012 2011 2010

7.0 6.9
6.7 6.7 6.8
6.6 6.6 6.6
6.4
6.1 6.1
5.8

Armenia Azerbaijan Georgia

 ONLINE DATA ANALYSES
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http://www.crrccenters.org/20130/Online-Tutorials
 THANK YOU

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