PUBLIC OPINION HOUSEHOLD SURVEY ON

CORRUPTION IN ARMENIA
CRRC ARMENIA
21 February, 2020
Yerevan, Armenia
CONTENT

 PERCEPTION OF THE CURRENT SITUATION OF ARMENIA

 PERCEPTION OF THE EXPANSION AND TRENDS OF CORRUPTION

 PERSONAL EXPERIENCE AND BEHAVIOR WHILE FACING INSTANCES OF CORRUPTION

 ANTI-CORRUPTION ACTIVITIES UNDERTAKEN BY STATE INSTITUTIONS AND PUBLIC

ORGANIZATIONS: AWARENESS AND TRUST

 PERCEPTION OF GOVERNMENT ANTI-CORRUPTION ACTIVITIES

 DEMOGRAPHICS
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

The aim of the research was to study:

 The perceptions of the Armenian population regarding corruption and the general situation of
Armenia
 Personal experience facing instances of corruption;
 Public and personal behavior towards corruption;
 Awareness and assessment of anti-corruption initiatives in the country;
 The sources of information covering cases of corruption.

The objective of the project: Inform the government, civic society, private sector and international
organizations about public perceptions regarding corruption in order to improve public
administration and the development of anti-corruption policies and programs.

Timeframe and method of the survey: Data was collected though face to face interviews from
October to November 2019.

Sampling: RA residents 18 years old and older (95% confidence interval 2.5% margin of error)։

Note: Weighted data are presented, generally % of total.

 T H E C U R R E N T S I T UAT I O N
PERCEPTION OF OF ARMENIA
53.8% are interested in matters of politics and government

How interested are you in matters of politics and government?

(closed-ended question, % of total, N=1500)

35.6

24.1
22.1

18.2

Very interested Somewhat interested Not too interested Not at all interested
 Self-estimation of public activities within the past year and a half
How would you rate your engagement in the following activities within the past year and a half?
(closed-ended question, % of total, N=1500)

Discussion with acquaintances about the events taking place in the country 17 25 24 13 22

Discussion with acquaintances about the events taking place in your community 13 26 20 15 26

Participation in public marches and demonstrations 8 12 12 14 55

Active promotion on certain topics in social networks (eg, Facebook) 4 6 11 12 66

Participation in any initiative aimed at solving your community's problems 3 6 8 13 70

Participation in a discussion about your community or country issues 3 4 9 14 70

Monitoring of budget spending 3 5 10 11 72

Meeting with your community leader or council member 3 5 9 11 72

Attending meetings organized by your community or municipality 2 5 9 12 72

Signing a petition 2 5 8 13 71

Requests to government agencies for information 2 5 7 12 74

Participation in meetings organized by NGOs 2 3 7 11 77

Participation in the condominium general meeting 23 5 9 82

Participation in discussions organized by political parties 13 7 11 78

Participation in community council meetings 12 8 10 79

Very active Rather active Neither active , nor passive Rather passive Very passive
Economic issues are the most frequently mentioned problems facing Armenia, 2019

What are the most serious problems facing Armenia today? 2019
(up to 3 answers, % of total responses, N=1500, 3 answers received on average per respondent)

Unemployment 25.9
Poverty 14.0
Low income/salaries 12.6
In the social field 10.8
Emigration 5.9
Corruption 5.7
Conflict / dispute over Nagorno Karabakh 5.3
Social injustice 4.1
Internal political problem 2.8
Inflation/ High prices 2.8
Poor infrastructure 2.7
Foreign policy issues 2.0
Legal system 1.7
Economy 1.3
Other 1.2
Reckless exploitation of natural resources 0.5
Defense (army) 0.4
Level of crimes 0.3
Lack of foreign investment 0.1
Economic issues were the most frequently mentioned problems facing Armenia, 2010

What are the most serious problems facing Armenia today? 2010
(up to 3 answers, % of total responses, N=1528 for 2010, 2.5 answers received on average per respondent)

Unemployment 27.2
Inflation/ High prices 17.1
Poverty 13.3
Overall economic issues 8.7
Low income/salaries 6.8
Corruption 5.2
Emigration 3.6
Other 3.2
Conflict / dispute over Nagorno Karabakh 2.8
Poor healthcare system 2.4
Pension system 2.4
Education 2.0
Poor infrastructure 2.0
Political instability 1.6
Relationships with the neighbouring countries 1.2
Conflicts between the Government and Opposition 0.4
Level of crimes 0.2
Lack of staff appointments is the most frequently mentioned public administration
issue

What are the issues facing current public administration in Armenia?

(up to 3 answers, % of total answers, N=1500, 2.4 answers received on average per respondent)

Lack of staff appointments 26.4

Pressure from former authorities and sabotage of former
14.4
staff

Lack of public management experience 14.0

Incomplete implementation of the law 12.4

Unclear development perspective 11.2

Incomplete legislation 7.3

External pressures (due to geopolitical situation) 6.8

The weak link between the government and the people 6.4

There are no issues 0.6

Other 0.5
 the EXPANSION
PERCEPTION of and TRENDS of
CORRUPTION
 65% believe that corruption is a serious problem in Armenia

How serious of a problem is corruption in Armenia?

(closed-ended question, % of total, N=1500 for 2019, N=1528 for 2010)

36.5
Very serious
59.8

28.3
Somewhat serious
21.7

25.3
Not too serious
13.4
2019
3.9
Not at all serious
1.8 2010
3.1
Corruption does not exist
0.0

2.9
Don’t know
3.3
 81% living in Yerevan and 54% living in rural areas believe that corruption
is a serious problem in Armenia

The perceived severity of corruption as a problem (%)

Yerevan (N=478) 47.0 33.7 16.6 2.3 0.4

Other urban (N=460) 37.3 30.6 25.4 3.2 3.6

Rural (N=563) 29.8 24.1 34.6 6.3 5.3

Very serious Somewhat serious Not too serious Not at all serious Corruption does not exist
 Respondents are generally able to recognize corruption
Which of the following do you believe reflects corruption?
(closed-ended question, % of total, N=1500)

Yes No
Paying the judge to make the verdict you want 96 4
Offer money to the traffic police for not recording a violation 94 6
Using contacts / acquaintances to free your only son from the army 89 11

Using official dating to keep friend's business from unnecessary tax inspection interference 86 14

Leaving part of the sum of the contract concluded with public procurement to the official supporting the transaction 85 15
Official's petition for hiring a relative 75 25
Pre-election donations made by businessmen to parties 68 32
Giving government officials regular bonuses 62 38
The use of a service car by a government official to take children to school 58 42
Leaving money for pensions and / or benefits to the distributing officer 56 44
Resolving the issue of food for members of an electoral commission by a party on election day 40 60
Giving the doctor a gift as a thank you for your attentive attitude 39 61

Conducting pre-election meetings in the village / municipality building 39 61

Charitable contributions made by businessmen to state funds 33 67

Bank seizure of property pledged by the bank in case of default 27 73
Give gifts or flowers to the teacher on March 8 (by the student or his parent) 22 78
Extracting a flower or fruit from a neighbor's garden without its permission 16 84
81% believe that corruption is evil and must be eliminated/neutralized

Which of the following statements do you most agree with?

(closed-ended question, % of total, N=1500)
 Opinions regarding corruption by level of interest in politics and governance
(crosstab, %)

Very Somewhat Not too Not at all

Opinions Interest interested interested interested interested
(N=273) (N=534) (N=362) (N=331)

Corruption is evil and it must be eliminated /

84.4 83.7 83.1 82.2
neutralized
Corruption is a natural / inevitable phenomenon and
7.7 8.7 10.6 12.1
should be accepted

Corruption reduces bureaucratic protraction and

6.8 5.8 3.1 4.5
facilitates the resolution of issues

Corruption promotes business activity 1 0.5 1.6 0.3

Without corruption, the governance system cannot

0 1 1.4 0.7
work effectively
Other 0 0.1 0.3 0.2
 38% believe that the impact of corruption on them and their
surroundings/community is big

In your opinion, how big is the impact of corruption on you and your surroundings / community?

(closed-ended question, % of total, N=1500)

Very big 11.0

Rather big 26.6

Rather small 25.1

It is insignificant 25.1

Corruption does not exist 4.7

Don’t know 7.5

Refuse to answer 0.1

 Perceived impact of corruption by settlement type (%)

Yerevan (N=478) 16.6 36.0 21.6 24.6 1.2

Other urban (N=460) 12.3 30.5 26.4 25.4 5.5

Rural (N=563) 7.7 21.3 32.3 30.6 8.1

Very big Rather big Rather small It is insignificant Corruption does not exist
 The perception of corruption in Armenia under the previous political
administration versus under the current government

In your opinion, how widespread was corruption in Armenia under the previous political authorities?
(administration) how widespread is corruption in today’s Armenia?

(closed-ended question, % of total, N=1500)

4.4
Widespread in all spheres
83.7

36.0
Common in some areas
11.5

46.5
Spread a little
1.6

7.5
No corruption at all Today's authorities
.4

5.3 Previous authorities

Don’t know
2.5

.2
Refuse to answer
.3
 The perceived level of involvement of different institutions in corruption
(closed-ended question, % of total per separate institutions, N=1500)

Judges and courts 12 37 22 9 1 20

Corrupt to a great extent
Mass Media 12 32 20 16 1 19

Corrupt to some extent The Prosecutor General’s Office 8 35 23 10 1 24

Parties 6 33 20 10 1 31
Corrupt to a very limited extent
Other religious organizations 19 18 10 11 2 40

Not corrupt at all Business companies 7 29 18 10 2 35

Investigation and law enforcement agencies 5 30 24 12 2 27

I am not aware about this institution
Governmental subordinate Bodies 4 29 26 15 1 25

Don't know/difficult to answer Subordinate bodies to the Prime Minister 4 27 27 21 1 20

Territorial Governance Bodies 4 26 28 14 1 27

Local self-government bodies 3 27 27 21 1 20

Armenian Apostolic church 11 18 13 36 0 21

Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) 3 22 15 19 2 39

RA President, President's Staff 4 19 20 28 1 28

The Office of the Prime Minister, Ministries 3 17 20 38 1 20

International organizations operating in RA 3 17 14 20 3 43

Central Electoral Commission 2 17 20 26 1 33

Audit chamber 2 17 16 13 11 42

RA President, President's Staff 1 9 11 57 1 21

Ombudsman (Human Rights’ Defender) 1 9 15 36 7 32

The Prime Minister 2 4 6 75 1 12

 The perceived level of involvement of different sectors and services in
corruption
(closed-ended question, % of total per separate sectors and services, N=1500)

Healthcare 18 44 20 12 05
Medical and social expertise services 11 33 16 12 4 24
Traffic police 6 36 24 20 0 13
Tax service 6 34 17 12 2 28
Social security services 8 32 21 20 1 18
Media services 11 28 20 16 1 24
Penitentiary institutions 10 28 14 6 3 38
Education 7 29 25 25 0 13
Customs authorities 6 30 17 12 2 32
Judicial Acts Enforcement Service (JACES) 7 27 14 10 4 38
Defense (army) 5 27 20 31 1 16
Notary services 5 24 17 18 2 34
Real Estate Registration (Cadastre) services 3 24 17 17 2 36
Corrupt to a great extent Natural Resource Management 6 20 14 16 3 42
Corrupt to some extent Licenses/certificates/permits issuing services 3 21 16 9 5 45
Corrupt to a very limited extent Public Procurement services 3 21 12 11 5 48
Not corrupt at all State Register 3 20 16 12 5 44
I am not aware about this institution Community services 2 14 14 46 1 23
Don't know/difficult to answer Utilities 1 11 12 63 1 12
 1st most corrupt sector/service 2nd most corrupt sector/service 3rd most corrupt sector/service

Healthcare Healthcare 17.6 Traffic police 12.3

Traffic police Traffic police 13.4 Healthcare 11.2

Judicial Acts Enforcement Service… Education 9.6 Social security services 10.1

Social security services Social security services 8.1 Customs authorities 8.7
There is no corrupted sphere Judicial Acts Enforcement… 6.6 Education 7.2
Education Customs authorities 6.3 Judicial Acts Enforcement… 6.9
Tax service Medical and social expertise… 6.3 Tax service 6.2
Defence (army) Tax service 5.4 Penitentiary institutions 6.1
Penitentiary institutions Defence (army) Defence (army) 6.1
5.0
Media services Penitentiary institutions There is no corrupted sphere 5.5
4.6
Customs authorities Media services 4.1
There is no corrupted sphere 3.7
Medical and social expertise services Medical and social expertise…
Media services 3.1 3.5
Real Estate Registration (Cadastre)…
Notary services 3.0 Real Estate Registration… 2.9
Natural Resource Management
State Register 2.3 State Register 2.5
Public Procurement services
Natural Resource Management 1.6 Licenses/certificates/permits… 1.7
Notary services
Public Procurement services 1.4 Natural Resource… 1.5
Community services
Real Estate Registration… 1.3 Utilities 1.1
Licenses/certificates/permits issuing…
Community services 0.3 Notary services 0.8
State Register
Licenses/certificates/permits… 0.2 Community services 0.8
Utilities
(փակ հարց, % ընդհանուրի մեջ, N=1500)
Utilities 0.1 Public Procurement services 0.8
 Most common types of corruption: Today versus two years ago

In your opinion, which were/are the most common forms of corruption now and two years ago?
(up to 3 answers, % of total answers, N=1500
for current situation 1.4 answers received on average per respondent, for two years ago 2.9 answers received on average per respondent)

42.0
Protectionism
19.6

19.3
Unjustified budget expenses / appropriations
23.5

11.6
Fusion of business and politics
15.9 Present

11.1
Rollovers during public procurement
7.6

Adoption of laws / decisions serving personal and close group 9.2

interests 14.5 Two years ago

5.5
Abuse of administrative resources during elections
18.8

1.3
Other
0.1
The perception of state official involvement in corruption in 2010 versus 2019

In your opinion, where is corruption most widespread? Among officials, is it at the

executive, middle or lower level?
(closed-ended question, % of total, N=1500 2019, N=1528 2010)

43.0
Among middle-level officials
25.6
2019
26.0 2010
Among low-level officials
5.6

15.7
Among top Officials
49.2

9.1
Don't know/Refuse to answer
6.5

4.9
The level of corruption is the same at all levels
13.1

1.3
Corruption does not exist
0.0
The change in the number of cases of nepotism The change in the amount of bribes required/
and other forms of corruption by public officials expected by public officials and the frequency of
after April-May 2018 bribes required/expected by public officials after
April-May 2018

(closed-ended question, % of total, N=1500 (closed-ended question, % of total, N=1500

30.8
Decreased significantly 28.1 Decreased significantly
33.4

Decreased somewhat 51.4

51.6
Decreased somewhat
Stayed the same as last 57.5
9.4
year
Stayed the same as last 13.3
Increased somewhat 1.8 year 7.6

Increased significantly .6 3.0

Amount of bribes
Increased somewhat
1.1
Don’t know 8.6 Frequency of bribes
1.3
Increased significantly
Refuse to answer .1 .3
In your opinion, which of the following is the most common case of corruption among public officials
today?

(closed-ended question, % of total, N=1500 2019, N=1528 2010)

30.8

35.0

30.7 2019
21.0 2010

17.1

34.3

6.2

.3

1.7

15.0

8.1
 The most frequently mentioned motivation for corrupt practices is “to
get preferential treatment/privileges”

Now I will read some possible motivations for corrupt practices. In your opinion, which of the following are the main
motivations for corrupt practices?
(up to 3 answers, % of total responses, N=1500, 2.7 answers received on average per respondent)
 “Failure to follow laws by the public” is the most frequently mentioned option
contributing to the spread of corruption

Which of the following factors contributes to the spread of corruption?

(up to 3 answers, % of total responses, N=1500, 2.7 answers received on average per respondent)

Failure to follow laws by the public 16.8

The imperfection of laws 14.2

Economic difficult sitation, poverty 12.3

Failure to enforce or weaken enforcement of laws by the state 10.8

Non-professional work of state, community bodies 10.0

Socio-economic inequality 9.6

Lack of public control 7.0

National traditions and tolerance 5.7

The imperfection of the judicial system 5.2

The desire to possess virtues, power levers, and other resources at all costs 4.3

Lack of accountability of state bodies and officials 3.2

Other 0.8
44% think that it is possible to completely eliminate corruption in
Armenia

To what extent is it possible to reduce corruption in Armenia?

(closed-ended question, % of total, N=1500)

Can be completely eliminated 43.8

It possible to reduce significantly 36.8

It can be reduced only partially 12.0

Can not be reduced at all 4.7

Don't know 2.7

Personal Experience and
Behavior
while Facing Instances of
Corruption
 How would you react if you were offered to take a bribe? Would How would you react if you were asked to give a bribe?
you take it or would you not take it? Would you give the bribe or would you not give it?

(closed question-ended, % of total, N=1500)

(closed-ended question, % of total, N=1500)

I would not take it 76.0 I would not give it 63.8

I would not take it and I would report it I may pay depending on the situation
7.9 17.1
to the appropriate body and the amount required

I could take it depending on the I wouldn't give it and I would report

6.9 7.4
situation and the size of the bribe it to the appropriate body

I would take it 4.4 I would give it 6.8

I would take it but I would report it to I would, but I would report it to the
0.4 0.7
the appropriate body appropriate body

Other 0.3 Other 0.2

Don't know 3.8 Don't know 3.7

Refuse to answer 0.3 Refuse to answer 0.3

 Respondents’ attitude towards taking and giving a bribe, 2019

I would give it I would not give it

9% 3%
I would take it
Corruption potential Corruption supporters

15% 73%
I would not take it
Corruption supporters Anti-corruption potential

Respondents’ attitude towards taking and giving a bribe, 2010

I would give it I would not give it

19% 4%
I would take it
Corruption potential Corruption supporters

41% 36%
I would not take it
Corruption supporters Anti-corruption potential
Anti-corruption potential by age group (share of those who will not give or take bribes, %)

From 18 to 22 years old (N=86) 75

From 23 to 30 years old (N=240) 71

From 31 to 40 years old (N=325) 71

From 41 to 50 years old (N=204) 63

From 51 to 60 years old (N=237) 68

From 61 to 70 years old (N=240) 79

71 years old and older (N=168) 81

Few respondents were asked to pay a bribe while interacting with different
services
If contacted, have you or anyone from your household been asked to pay bribe?

(closed-ended question, “yes” answers, % of total among those who contacted the institutions/services)

7.6
5.9
5.5
4.2
3.3
3.1
2.9
2.8
2.5
2.3
1.2
1.1
1.0
0.6
0.4
0.3
 While contacting public officials after April-May 2018, how often did the following happen to you personally?

(closed-ended question, % of total, N=1500)

You have found that officials make appointments through connections or for
1 6 7 54 32 2
money

The officials did not directly demand, but rather hinted a request for money, gift,
13 8 49 39 1
or a favor

The officials directly demanded cash, gift, or a favor 2 5 54 38 1

You use personal connections to get preferential treatment 1 8 61 29 1

You gave cash to the official 1 6 63 30 1

Officials required you to do a favor for themselves or their friends 13 57 38

Rollovers were demanded or expected in return for winning a public

1 44 53 1
tender/procurement

Always Quite often Rarely Never I have never been contacting personally I don't know
 Attitudes and Behavior
In your opinion, what can you personally do to reduce Which of these actions that I have just mentioned have you already
corruption in Armenia? taken in the past to help combat corruption?
(up to 3 answers, % of total answers, N=1500, 1.5 answers received in average per respondent (up to 3 answers, % of total answers, N=1500, 1.2 answers received in average per respondent
42% will not report corruption among officials to any organization
To whom or to which organization would you apply/refer to in order to report corruption among officials?
(multiple response, % of total answers, N=1500)

19.3
10.9
4.9
4.0
3.5
2.8
2.0
1.9
1.7
1.2
1.3
.6
.5
.5
.5
.5
.3
.3
.2
.2
.2
.2
.9
 75% agreed that the reason for not reporting corruption is because it is discouraged,
criticized or considered whistle-blowing by society

in
a reason for not reporting corruption to the relevant authorities.
( multiple response, the share of «yes» answers per each option, without “I don’t know”, “Refuse to answer” options, N=1500)

Reporting corruption in our society is discouraged, criticized, or considered whistle-

74.6
blowing

Those who report corruption will be punished through dismissal or held liable in other
58.3
ways for "false" betrayal

Not familiar with the reporting process 52.4

It is difficult and time-consuming to report 48.2

No actions will be taken even if corruption is reported 43.8

It is not worth reporting corruption if I am not personally hurt by it 42.4

Accept corruption as a fact of life, since participants in corruption take this step mainly
33.1
because of economic need
45% felt fully protected when reporting an incident of corruption

(closed-ended question, % of total, N=22)

Fully protected 44.6

Rather protected 16.9

Rather not protected 9.4

Not at all protected 29.1

 Anti-corruption activities
under taken by state institutions and
public organizations: A w a r e n e s s a n d Tr u s t
 The Police and the National Security Service are the most popular agencies
fighting corruption

Please indicate the public agencies / institutions fighting corruption in Armenia that you know
(multiple response, % of total answers, N=1500, 0.7 answer received on average per respondent)

Police 35.4

National Security Service 35.1

Prosecutor's Office 6.6

Special Investigation Service 5.5

State Supervision Service 5.2

Bodies of Justice (court) 3.1

Anticorruption Policy Council 2.2

Investigation Committee 2.1

Prime Minister 1.4

Ethics Committee / Corruption Prevention Committee 1.1

Audit Chamber of the RA 0.1

Other 2.4
 The National Security Service was perceived as the most effective state entity fighting
corruption

In your opinion, how effective are these public/state anti-corruption bodies in Armenia?
(closed question, % of total, N=1500

National Security Service 22 52 21 5 1

Special Investigation Service 12 49 27 7 5

Investigation Committee 8 46 31 9 5

Police 7 47 36 9

Bodies of Justice (court) 6 35 40 17 2

State Supervision service 6 40 28 9 17

Prosecutor's Office 4 41 39 16 1

Ethics Committee / Corruption Prevention Committee 3 21 19 8 50

Anticorruption Policy Council 3 21 16 5 55

Audit chamber of the RA 3 30 26 10 31

Very effective Rather effective Rather ineffective Not effective at all I haven't heard about the institution/ I'm not aware
State was the most frequently mentioned institution who can finance the fight against
corruption in Armenia

In your opinion, who can finance the fight against corruption in Armenia?
(up to 3 answers, % of total answers, N=1500, 1 answer received ion average per respondent)

State 49.4

International / foreign organizations 9.0

Businessmen 8.6

Citizens with voluntary donations 7.1

The diaspora 4.1

Other 1.0

There is no need to finance the fight against corruption 20.9

94.3% are not aware of NGOs and 61% are not aware of state entities involved in anti-
corruption in Armenia

Do you know any public agencies and NGOs involved in anti-corruption in Armenia?

(closed question, % of total, N=1500)

The Helsinki Citizens’ Assembly Vanadzor office is the most popular NGO with anti-corruption
missions in Armenia

Please indicate the non-governmental organizations with anti-corruption missions in Armenia that you are familiar
with

(multiple response, a “do-not read out” question, % of total answers, N=85)

Helsinki Citizens' Assembly Vanadzor office 38.2

Union of Informed Citizens 14.9

Transparency International Anticorruption Center 11.9

“Hetq” Investigative Journalists 8.4

Asbarez Journalists' Club 5.9

Coalition of Anti-Corruption NGOs 2.2

Freedom of Information Center 1.4

Armenian Lawyers Association 0.8

Other 16.3
30% think that NGOs are effective in fighting corruption

How effective have NGOs been in fighting corruption?

(closed-ended question, % of total, N=1500)

Very effective 6.0

Rather effective 23.4

Rather ineffective 20.5

Not effective at all 10.4

Don't know 39.6

Refuse to answer .1
 Only 56% will seek help in case of becoming a victim of corruption

If you ever become a victim of corruption, will you If you ever will become a victim of corruption, to whom will you
apply first?
seek help?
(multiple response,
% of total answers, N=1500)

State bodies 76.3

Media 3.6

Anticorruption NGO 3.0

To any other NGO 0.4

All 8.3

Other 3.5

Yes No Don't know Don't know 4.9

Which of the following types of anti-corruption assistance would you like to get?

(multiple response, % of total response, N=1500, 1.3 answer received on average per respondent)
 PERCEPTION OF THE
GOVERNMENTS ANTI-
CORRUPTION ACTIVITIES
35.8% mentioned government/ruling political power is responsible for the fight
against corruption in Armenia

In your opinion, who is responsible for the fight against corruption in Armenia?
(Multiple response, % of total answers, N=1500, 1.1 answers received on average per respondent)
56% are aware of various government agency hotlines. Awareness of other actions/projects
implemented by the government is low

Please tell me, are you aware of the following actions /projects implemented by the government?
(closed-ended question, the share of ‘’yes’’ answers per each action/project, without “refuse to answer” option, N=1500)

Hotlines of various government agencies 56.1

Draft Anticorruption Strategy Implementation Action Plan for 2019-2022 16.3

The initiative to reveal the real owners of companies 13.8

The Open Government Partnership Initiative 11.7

www.azdararir.am 8.8

Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative 8.8

Implementation of the Anti-Corruption Strategy Action Plan for 2015-2018 8.6

The e-draft platform for public participation in drafting legal acts 6.0

www.anti-corruption.gov.am 5.5

Other e-democracy tools 4.2

 Approval of the government’s anti-corruption initiatives

The current government of Armenia has expressed the intention to implement a number of anti-corruption
initiatives: Do you personally approve the following?
(closed-ended question, % of total per initiative, N=1500)
 Awareness of the actions /projects implemented by the government by level of
education

Not complete or
Vocational and not High and post-
complete secondary
complete high education graduate education
education
(N=≈400) (N=≈410)
(N=≈640)

Hotlines of various government agencies 50.2 57.4 64.5

Draft Anticorruption Strategy Implementation Action Plan
12.6 19.9 19.2
for 2019-2022
The initiative to reveal the real owners of companies 9.5 11.9 15.1
The Open Government Partnership Initiative 8.5 7.4 9.8

Unified Electronic Platform for Whistle-blowing (www.azdararir.am) 8.4 12.9 23.7

Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative 6.7 9.8 11.3

Implementation of the Anti-Corruption Strategy Action Plan for
5.1 10.7 13.2
2015-2018

The e-draft platform for public participation in drafting legal acts 4 5 10.1

Anti-Corruption Monitoring Platform (www.anti-

3.6 4 9.6
corruption.gov.am)
Other e-democracy tools (e-request, e-hotline, e-petition) 1.8 4.6 7.8
82% of the respondents viewed the government’s anti-corruption activities as
effective

In your opinion, how effective is the current government's fight against corruption?
(closed question, % of total, N=1500
 The perception of the current government’s anti-corruption efforts by level of
respondent interest in political and government matters

Rather Rather Not effective

Very effective
effective ineffective at all

Very interested (N=273) 34.4 47.5 11.9 6.2

Somewhat Interested (N=534) 25.3 63.1 9.2 2.4

Not too interested (N=362) 20.0 63.4 15.1 1.5

Not at all interested (N=331) 22.2 59.4 13.7 4.6

 The direction the government should take in order to strengthen the fight against corruption

Please indicate which directions in the anti-corruption fight the government of Armenia should take in order to make the fight
against corruption effective.
(multiple response, % of total answers, N=1500, 1.6 answers received in average per respondent)

Declaration and verification of income and assets of officials 15.0

Nothing will help if citizens are not involved 13.7

Transparent and accountable administration 11.4

Detecting corruption offenses and ensuring the inevitability of punishment by law enforcement 10.7

Overcoming administrative corruption (as experienced in daily interactions with citizens) 9.3

Eliminating corruption risks in laws and government decrees 8.8

Reforming the Judiciary 7.4

Strengthening the integrity /code of conduct of public officials 7.0

Anti-corruption education and awareness 6.1

Returning illegally obtained property without prosecution 5.7

Prosecution of officials involved in corrupt transactions 4.6

Other 0.4
81% think that property illegally obtained by corrupt officials should be confiscated, among them
28% think that it should be without criminal prosecution

How should corrupt officials be held responsible?

(multiple response, % of total answers, N=1500, 1 answer received on average per respondent)
 What are you basing your assessment on regarding the level of corruption?

(multiple response, % of total answers, N=1500)

Information reported by the media 36.9

Information from family members, relatives, friends, or

28.8
acquaintances

Social networks (internet) 15.8

Personal experience 14.9

Information about corruption given by NGOs 3.4

Other 0.2
 DEMOGRAPHICS
(closed-ended question, % of total, N=1500)

Male Female 23.3

17.5
15.3
13.8 14
44.8 9.2
55.2 6.9

From 18 to From 23 to From 31 to From 41 to From 51 to From 61 to 71 years old

22 years old 30 years old 40 years old 50 years old 60 years old 70 years old and older

42.7

27.2
21.3

4.2 3.5
0.4 0.8

Primary education (either Incomplete secondary Completed secondary Secondary technical Incomplete higher Completed higher Post-graduate degree
complete or incomplete) education education education education education
 Current financial situation of family/household
Which best reflects the current financial situation of your family/household?

(closed question, % of total, N=1500)

We do not have enough money even for food 14.7

We have enough money for food, but buying clothes is difficult 33.4

We have money for food and clothes; we can save some, but we do not
46.6
have enough money to buy expensive things, like a car

We can afford some expensive things, like a car, but not an apartment or
4.6
a country house

We can afford anything we want including an apartment or a country

.7
house