- The concept of “word” : “A word is a a dialectical unity of form and content capable to form a

sentence by itself
- Morpheme is the minimal meaningful language units. That means they cannot be divided any
further into meaning parts
- Distinguish between “word” and “morphemes”

+A word may have one morpheme or more than one morpheme:

Eg; luck,

- A morpheme may be a word part of a word.

Book, books, booked

- Types of morphemes: Root morphemes and Affixational morphemes

+ Root morphemes: free morphemes and bound morphemes

+ Affixational morphemes: Grammatical morpheme and derivational morpheme.

Grammatical morpheme: to create different forms of the same words

Eg: one book -> two books

Enjoy -> enjoyed

3. Types of words: Simple words, derived words and compound words

A simple word : is one that consists of a root morpheme : boy, girl, table

A derived word is one that consists of a root and one or more derivational morphemes: teacher, student

A compound word is one that has at least two roots, with or without derivational morphemes: lady-killer

4 Inflectional paradigm versus derivational paradigm

- Inflectional paradigm: is complete set of forms of a word with different grammatical morphemes
- Derivational paradigm: is the system of derivational forms characteristic of a word

5 Prefixation and its features

Prefixation: is the formation

Features of prefixation:

+ rarely forms new parts of speech of words

+ some prefixes coincide with words (esp, prepositions and adverbs)

Meaning of prefixation:

+ negation un-, dis-, non-

+ reversal or repetition: un-, dis-,re-

+ space and time relationship : pre- post-, fore-, over-, super-

7. Suffixation: is the form of words with the help of suffixes

Feature : they usually change the meaning of stems, both lexically and grammatically

Eg: care -> careless, like/ likely