ME-443 Machine Design

SHAFTS
 SAMPLE PROBLEM: SHAFTS
1. Design the size of the solid steel shaft to be
used for 500 hp, 250 rpm application if the
allowable torsional deflection is 1° in a length
of 20 diameters and the allowable stress is
10,000 psi and modulus of rigidity is 13 x 106
psi
• Given
– Power (P) = 500 hp
– Speed (N) = 250 rpm
– Modulus of Rigidity (G) =
13 x 106 psi
– Allowable Shearing Stress
(τ alllowed ) = 10,000 psi
– Allowable Torsional
Deflection (ϴ allowed ) = 1°
in a length of 20
diameters
• Required
– Diameter
 Solution
• Design based on strength (Shafts subjected to
twisting moment only).
π
T= 𝑥 τ 𝑥 𝑑3
16

3 16 𝑇
𝑑=
π τ 𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑑
 Solution
• For Torque, T
𝑃 = 2π𝑇𝑁
𝑃
𝑇=
2π𝑁
𝑓𝑡 − 𝑙𝑏𝑓
33,000
500 ℎ𝑝 𝑥 𝑚𝑖𝑛
1ℎ𝑝
𝑇=
2π (250 𝑟𝑝𝑚)
𝑇 = 10,504 𝑓𝑡 − 𝑙𝑏𝑓
12 in
𝑇 = 10,504 𝑓𝑡 − 𝑙𝑏𝑓 x
1 ft
𝑇 = 126,048 𝑖𝑛 − 𝑙𝑏𝑓
 Solution
• Then diameter based on strength (Shafts
subjected to twisting moment only).
3 16 𝑇
𝑑=
π τ 𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑑

3 16 (126, 048 𝑖𝑛 − 𝑙𝑏𝑓)

𝑑=
𝑙𝑏𝑓
π 10,000 2
𝑖𝑛
𝑑 = 4 𝑖𝑛
• Design based on torsional rigidity
𝑇𝑙
ϴ=
𝐽𝐺
For l
𝑙 = 20𝑑 (Allowable Torsional Deflection, ϴ allowed = 1° in a length of 20 diameters)
For J
π
𝐽= 𝑥 𝑑 4 ( For Solid Circular Shaft )
32
then
𝑇(20𝑑)
ϴ= π
𝑥 𝑑4 𝐺
32
3 640𝑇
𝑑=
πϴ𝐺
• Then diameter based on torsional rigidity

3 640(126,048 𝑖𝑛 − 𝑙𝑏𝑓)
𝑑=
π lbf
π 1° 𝑥 (13 x 106 2 )
180° 𝑖𝑛
7
𝑑 = 4.84 𝑖𝑛, 𝑢𝑠𝑒 4 𝑖𝑛
8
• Answer
7
𝑑 = 4 𝑖𝑛
8