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RC03 Bending1 PDF
RC03 Bending1 PDF
Mongkol JIRAVACHARADET
Stringer
Floor beam or Girder
Loading on Beams
Tributary area = Area for which the beam is supporting
S B1 Loading
L
Tributary area
B3
B1 Load from B1
Floor load w kg/m2
B3 Loading
B1 = Secondary Beam
B3 = Primary Beam
C1
B2
L
Two-way Slab Span ratio m = S/L
w w w w
L L L L
SHEAR:
MOMENT:
Methods of Analysis:
- Exact analysis: slope-deflection, moment distribution
- Approximate analysis: ACI shears and moments coefficients
- Computer: MicroFEAP, Grasp, SUTStructor, STAAD.Pro, SAP2000
LOAD PATTERNS (Live Load)
Use influence lines for determining load patterns that will give
the maximum shear force and bending moment
A
Frame Example:
• Maximum +M at point B
• Draw qualitative
influence lines
• Factored dead load on all spans with full factored live load on
• Factored dead load on all spans with full factored live load on
alternate spans.
Moment Envelopes
The moment envelope curve
defines the extreme boundary
values of bending moment
along the beam due to critical
placements of design live
loading.
Moment Envelopes
LL
DL
Moment Envelopes Example
A B
C
6m 6m
Moment Envelopes Example
CASE 1 : DL(full) + LL(full)
LL
DL
A B
C
6m 6m
20 40
15
20
10
5
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
kips
k-ft
0 -20
-5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
-40
-10
-15 -60
-20 -80
ft ft
LL
DL
A B
C
6m 6m
50 200
40
150
30
20 100
10 50
0
kips
k-ft
0
-10 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
-20 -50 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
-30 -100
-40
-150
-50
-60 -200
ft ft
80
Minimum Shear
60
Maximum Shear
40
20
kips
0
-20 0 10 20 30 40
-40
-60
-80
ft
Moment Envelopes Example
Moment Envelope
200
100
0
k-ft
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
-100
-200
-300
ft
! "#
:
1)
2
2)
20%
3) ! "#
$%"%&
'(
4) "# ) 3 & "# !(
5) &+&,-. /# 0
13.1
+
,
12& 30%%45& ACI
(
)
1) ,
- ,
& 2&!)(&! wuln2/11
- ,
& 2&#,&. 2& !)(&! wuln2/14
2) 3 wuln2/16
()
1)
+,!&! &&)(&!
3
- 2& 2 wuln2/9
- 2& 2 wuln2/10
2)
+,!&!&)(&!
3 &2 < wuln2/11
() ()
3)
+,!&!&)(&!(
#%"#!
- =2 3.00 . wuln2/12
- &
% %
? %&%
& > 8 wuln2/12
4)
+,!&!3 &)(&!
#,&. 2&!)(&!
- 2&)(&!. &! wuln2/24
2)
12& &!&)(&!
&2 < wuln/2
(a)
,
& 2&: 0 1/11
)(&!. %: 1/16 1/14 1/10 1/11 1/16 1/11 1/11
%#
%. )(&!
(b)
,
& 2&: 0 1/11
B’ B’’
6m 6.5 m
A B C
Check conditions (a) Loads are uniformly distributed,
(b) LL/DL = 3/1.5 = 2 < 3,
(c) (L2 – L1)/L1 = (6.5 – 6)/6 = 0.083 < 0.2
Bending Moments MAB = -4.5(6)2/24 = -6.75 t-m, MBA = -4.5(6.25)2/9 = -19.5 t-m,
B’ B’’
6m 6.5 m
A B C
Shear Forces
VA = 4.5(6)/2 = 13.5 tons, VB’ = 1.15(4.5)(6)/2 = 15.5 tons,
Reactions
RA = VA = 13.5 tons,
RC = VC = 14.6 tons
Gravity & Lateral loads on Portal Frame
W
L R R
L
Rigid frame deflections
forces and deformations caused by external shear
Bending Moment in Column & Beam