‫‪" coating‬‬

‫‪Thermal barrier‬‬

‫االسم ‪ :‬سراء عامر جواد‬

‫المرحله ‪ :‬الرابعه ‪ /‬صباحي‬
‫الماده ‪ :‬هندسه االسطح‬
‫‪2019/2020‬‬
Introduction

Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) are advanced materials systems

usually applied to metallic surfaces operating at elevated
temperatures, such as gas turbine or aero-engine parts, as a form of
exhaust heat management. These 100 μm to 2 mm thick coatings of
thermally insulating materials serve to insulate components from
large and prolonged heat loads and can sustain an appreciable
temperature difference between the load-bearing alloys and the
coating surface

The benefit of this technique is on the surface

these coatings can allow for higher operating temperatures while limiting the
thermal exposure of structural components, extending part life by reducing
oxidation and thermal fatigue. In conjunction with active film cooling, TBCs
permit working fluid temperatures higher than the melting point of the metal
airfoil in some turbine applications. Due to increasing demand for more
efficient engines running at higher temperatures with better
durability/lifetime and thinner coatings to reduce parasitic mass for
rotating/moving components, there is significant motivation to develop new
and advanced TBCs. The material requirements of TBCs are similar to those of
heat shields, although in the latter application emissivity tends to be of
greater importance

Types of materail use in this technique

YSZ// is the most widely studied and used TBC because it provides -1
.excellent performance in applications such as diesel engines and gas turbines

Mullite// is a compound of alumina and silica, with the formula 3Al2O3- -2

2SiO2. It has a low density, along with good mechanical properties, high
thermal stability, low thermal conductivity, and is corrosion and oxidation
resistant. However, it suffers from crystallization and volume contraction
above 800°C, which leads to cracking and delamination. Therefore, this
material is suitable as a zirconia alternative for applications such as diesel
engines, where surface temperatures are relatively low and temperature
.variations across the coating may be large

Alumina// Only α-phase Al2O3 is stable among aluminum oxides. With a -3

high hardness and chemical inertness, but high thermal conductivity and low
thermal expansion coefficient, alumina is often used as an addition to an
existing TBC coating

Ceo2 +ysz//Adding ceria into a YSZ coating can significantly improve the -4
TBC performance, especially in thermal shock resistance. This is most likely
due to less bond coat stress due to better insulation and a better net thermal
.expansion coefficient

Rare earth oxides // The mixture of rare earth oxides is readily available, -5
.cheap, and may have promise as effective TBCs

Rare-earth zirconates//La2Zr2O7, also referred to as LZ, is an example of-6

a rare-earth zirconate that shows potential for use as a TBC. This material is
phase stable up to its melting point and can largely tolerate vacancies on any
.of its sublattices
Metal-Glass Composites//A powder mixture of metal and normal glass -7
can be plasma-sprayed in vacuum, with a suitable composition resulting in a
.TBC comparable to YSZ
 Applacition of this technique

Automotive -1
Thermal barrier ceramic coatings are becoming more common in automotive
applications. They are specifically designed to reduce heat loss from engine
exhaust system components including exhaust manifolds, turbocharger
casings, exhaust headers, downpipes and tailpipes. This process is also known
as "exhaust heat management". When used under-bonnet, these have the
positive effect of reducing engine bay temperatures, therefore reducing the
.intake air temperature

Figure 2 Thermal barrier coating on an composite material 1 Figure

barrier coating on a carbon Thermal automotive

Aviatio-2
Interest in increasing the efficiency of gas turbine engines for aviation
applications has prompted research into higher combustion temperatures.
Turbine efficiency is strongly correlated with combustion temperature. Higher
temperature combustion improves the thermodynamic efficiency of the
machine, giving a more favourable ratio of work generated in relation to
waste heat.[9][circular reference]Thermal barrier coatings are commonly
used to protect nickel-based superalloys from both melting and thermal
cycling in aviation turbines. Combined with cool air flow, TBCs increase the
.allowable gas temperature above that of the superalloy melting point
Processing

In industry, thermal barrier coatings are produced in a number of .

:ways
Electron beam physical vapor deposition: EBPVD-1
Air plasma spray: APS-2
High velocity oxygen fuel: HVOF-3
Electrostatic spray-assisted vapor deposition: ESAVD-4
Direct vapor deposition-5
Additionally, the development of advanced coatings and processing
methods is a field of active research. One such example is the
Solution precursor plasma spray process, which has been used to
create TBCs with some of the lowest reported thermal conductivities
without sacrificing thermal cyclic durability

Thermal Barrier coatings Market Figure 4

References
1. ^ F.Yu and T.D.Bennett (2005). "A nondestructive technique for determining
thermal properties of thermal barrier coatings". J. Appl. Phys. 97: 013520.
doi:10.1063/1.1826217.
2. ^ Clarke, David R.; Phillpot, Simon R. (2005). "Thermal barrier coating
materials". Materials Today. 8 (6): 22–29. doi:10.1016/S1369-
7021(05)70934-2.
3. ^ Cao , Vassen R., Stoever D. (2004). "Ceramic Materials for Thermal Barrier
Coatings". Journal of the European Ceramic Society. 24 (1): 1–10.
doi:10.1016/s0955-2219(03)00129-8.
4. ^ Cao X.Q., Vassen R., Stoever D. (2004). "Ceramic Materials for Thermal
Barrier Coatings". Journal of the European Ceramic Society. 24 (1): 1–10.
doi:10.1016/s0955-2219(03)00129-8.