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Basic Calculus
Quarter 4: Week 2 - Module 10
Computing Antiderivative of a
Function Using Substitution Rule
BasicCalculus
Grade 11 Quarter 4: Week 2 - Module 10: Computing antiderivative of a function
using substitution rule
Copyright © 2021
La Union Schools Division
Region I
All rights reserved. No part of this module may be reproduced in any form
without written permission from the copyright owners.
Management Team:
No hard and fast rules can be given as to which method applies in a given
situation.
In this module, you will be provided with information and activities that will
help you learn how to compute the antiderivative of a function using substitution
rule.
1
6. If the ∫ 6 𝑑𝑥 is re written to∫ 𝑥 −6 𝑑𝑥, what is then its antiderivative?
𝑥
1 1 𝑥5 𝑥5
A. − B.− +𝐶 C. +𝐶 D. +𝐶
5𝑥 5 5𝑥 5 5 −5
7. If the ∫ 4√𝑢 𝑑𝑢 is re written to 4 ∫ 1/2
𝑢 𝑑𝑢, what is then its antiderivative?
3 2
8𝑢2 8𝑢 83
A. +𝐶 B. +𝐶 C. +𝐶 D. 8 𝑢 + 𝐶
3 3 3
8. Using the theorems on antidifferentiation. What is the ∫( 12𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 )𝑑𝑥?
A. 4𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 + 𝐶 C. 24𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 + 𝐶
B. B. 4𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 + 𝐶 D. 24𝑥 + 2𝑥 + 𝐶
9. Evaluate ∫( 𝑥 2 + 5 )3 2𝑥𝑑𝑥. If we let 𝑢 = 𝑥 2 + 5, what is 𝑑𝑢?
2𝑥 2
A. +𝐶 B. 2𝑥𝑑𝑥 C. 2𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 D. 𝑥 2 + 5 + 𝐶
2
10. Refer to number 9 item. What is ∫( 𝑥 2 + 5 )3 2𝑥𝑑𝑥?
4 4
𝑢4 ( 𝑥 2 +5 ) ( 2𝑥+5 )4 ( 𝑥 2 +5 )
A. +𝐶 B. +𝐶 C. +𝐶 D. +𝐶
4 4 4 2
11. Evaluate ∫ √2𝑥 3 + 7 𝑥2 𝑑𝑥.
1 3 1 3
1 3 3
A. 𝑢2 + 𝐶 B. (2𝑥 3 )2 + 𝐶 C. (2𝑥 3 + 7)2 + 𝐶 D. (2𝑥 3 + 7)2 + 𝐶
9 9 9
12. Evaluate ∫ ( 4𝑥 2 − 5 )2 8𝑥𝑑𝑥?
8𝑥 2 (4𝑥 2 −5 )3 (4𝑥 2 −5 )3
A. 8𝑥 2 + 𝐶 B. +𝐶 C. +𝐶 D. +𝐶
2 2 3
( 3𝑥 2 −2 )
13. Which of the following is the ∫ (𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥?
−2𝑥 )5
(3𝑥 2 −2)−4 (3𝑥 2 −2)4 (3𝑥 2 +2)−4 (2𝑥 2 −2)−4
A. +𝐶 B. +𝐶 C. +𝐶 D. +𝐶
4 4 4 4
JUMPSTART
Column A Column B
1. 𝑦 = 4𝑥 3 + 5𝑥 2 + 6 1. 𝑦 ′ = 12𝑥 2 + 10𝑥
Solution: Solution:
12𝑥 3 10𝑥 2
A. 𝑦 ′ = 4(3 )𝑥 3−1 + 5 (2)( 𝑥 2−1 ) + 0 A. 𝑦 = + +𝐶
3 2
B. 𝑦 ′ = 12𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 1 + 0 B. 𝑦 = 4𝑥 + 5𝑥 + 𝐶
3 2
12𝑥 2+1 10𝑥 1+1
C. 𝑦 ′ = 12𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 C. 𝑦 = + +𝐶
2+1 1+1
D. 𝑦 ′ = 12𝑥 3−1 + 10𝑥 2−1 + 0
2 . 𝑦 = 6𝑥 4 + 3𝑥 3 + 3 2. . 𝑦 ′ = 24𝑥 3 + 9𝑥 2
Solution: Solution:
24𝑥 4 9𝑥 3
A. 𝑦′ = 6(4 )𝑥 4−1 + 3 (3)( 𝑥 3−1 ) +0 A. 𝑦 = + +𝐶
4 3
24𝑥 3+1 9 𝑥 2+1
B. 𝑦 ′ = 24𝑥 3 + 9𝑥 2 B. 𝑦 = + +𝐶
3+1 2+1
C. 𝑦 ′ = 24𝑥 3 + 9𝑥 2 + 0 C. 𝑦 = 6𝑥 + 3𝑥 3 + 𝐶
4
DISCOVER
Integration by Substitution
∫ 𝒇 ( 𝒈( 𝒙 ))𝒈′ (𝒙 )𝒅𝒙
In the above illustration, 𝑔′ ( 𝑥 ) is the derivative of 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ). Represent 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ) by
𝑢 and find 𝑑𝑢 ( 𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑜𝑓 𝑢 ). Integrate ∫ 𝑓 ( 𝑢 )𝑑𝑢 then replace 𝑢 by 𝑔 ( 𝑥 ).
This change of variable is one of the most important tools available to us. This
technique is called integration by substitution. It is often important to guess what
will be the useful substitution.
Usually, we make a substitution for a function whose derivative also occurs
in the integrand.
Example 1. Evaluate ∫( 𝑥 + 4 ) 5 𝑑𝑥
Solution.
Step 1. Choose an expression for u
𝑑𝑢
𝑢 = 𝑥 + 4; =𝑥+4
𝑑𝑥
𝑑 𝑑
= x+ 4
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
=1+0
𝑑𝑢
= 1; du = dx
𝑑𝑥
𝑥 𝑛+1
∫(𝑥 + 4)5 𝑑𝑥 = + 𝐶 = ∫ 𝑢5 𝑑𝑢
𝑛+1
𝑢5+1 𝑢6
= =
5+1 6
Step 4. Substitute the original expression for x back into the solution:
( 𝑥+4 )6
∫( 𝑥 + 4 ) 5 𝑑𝑥 = 6
+𝐶
Step 4. Substitute the original expression for x back into the solution:
10
( 𝑥 5 +2)
∫( 𝑥 5 + 2 ) 9 5𝑥 4 𝑑𝑥 = 10
+𝐶
Solution:
Step 1. Choose an expression for u
𝑢 = 4𝑥 3 + 7
𝑑𝑢 = 12𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
Step 2. Change 4𝑥 3 + 7 to u ∫ √4𝑥 3 + 7 12𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ √𝑢 𝑑𝑢
1
= ∫(𝑢)2 𝑑𝑢
𝑥 𝑛+1
Step 3. Plug in the value of u in the Power Rule for integrals ∫ 𝑥 𝑛 = + 𝐶, where n
𝑛+1
1
=
2
3
𝑢2
∫ 12𝑥 2 √4𝑥 3 + 7𝑑𝑥 = +𝐶
3
2
2 3
= 𝑢2 + 𝐶
3
Step 4. Substitute the original expression for x back into the solution:
2 3
∫ 12𝑥 2 √4𝑥 3 + 7𝑑𝑥 = (4𝑥 3 + 7 )2 + 𝐶
3
1 1
= ∫ 𝑢2 𝑑𝑢
6
3
1 𝑢2
= ∫ +𝐶
6 3
2
3
1 2
= ( )( ) 𝑢2 + 𝐶
6 3
1 3
= 𝑢2 +𝐶
9
Step 4. Substitute the original expression for x back into the solution:
1 3
∫ √2𝑥 3 + 7 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 = ( 2𝑥 3 + 7 )2 + 𝐶
9
EXPLORE
A. Evaluate ∫( 𝑥 2 + 5 )3 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥.
Solution: A. 6𝑥 2 dx
B. 𝑥 2 + 5
(1). 𝑙𝑒𝑡 𝑢 = __________ 4
( 𝑥 2 +5 )
C. +C
𝑑𝑢 = 2𝑥𝑑𝑥 4
1
∫( 𝑥 2 + 5)3 = ∫ 𝑢3 𝑑𝑢 D. ∫(𝑢) 𝑑𝑢 2
3
2
E. (2𝑥 3 +5)2+𝐶
3
3
F. ∫(𝑢)2 𝑑𝑢
𝑢4
= +𝐶
4
B. Evaluate ∫ 6𝑥 2 √2𝑥 3 + 5 𝑑𝑥
𝑙𝑒𝑡 𝑢 = 2𝑥 3 + 5
(3). 𝑑𝑢 =___________
∫ √2𝑥 3 + 5 6𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 = ∫ √𝑢 𝑑𝑢
(4) . = _______________
3
𝑢2
= +𝐶
3
2
2 3
= 𝑢2 + 𝐶
3
Evaluate the following. Match column A with Column B. Write the letters of the
correct answer.
Column A Column B
1. ∫(3𝑥 + 2 )5 𝑑𝑥 A. √1 + 𝑥 2 + 𝐶
𝑑𝑥 (3𝑥+2 )6
2. ∫ B. +𝐶
√1+4𝑥 18
𝑥𝑑𝑥 3
3. ∫ C. -
√( 1−3𝑥)4
+𝐶
√1+𝑥 2
4
3
4. ∫ √1 − 3𝑥 𝑑𝑥 √1+4𝑥
D. +𝐶
5. ∫( 2𝑥 2 + 3 )7 4𝑥𝑑𝑥 2
8
( 2𝑥 2 +3 )
E. +𝐶
8
DEEPEN
A. = ∫ 𝑢4 𝑑𝑢
4𝑥 3
B. = +𝐶
3
C. = ( 3𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 2 )5 + C
GAUGE
Direction: Write the letter of the correct answer on a separate
sheet of paper.
A. 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥 B. 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑥 C. 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥 + 𝐶 D. 𝑑𝑢 = ( 𝑥 − 5 )20
3. Using the integration by substitution, evaluate ∫( 𝑥 − 5 ) 𝑑𝑥.
20
𝑥−5 ( 𝑥−5 )21 ( 𝑥−5 )20 ( 𝑥−5 )21
A. +𝐶 B. +𝐶 C. +𝐶 D. B. +𝐶
21 21 21 20
4. In evaluating ∫(3𝑥 − 4𝑥 + 2 ) (3𝑥 − 2) 𝑑𝑥, if 𝑢 = 3𝑥 − 4𝑥 + 2 , what is 𝑑𝑢?
2 4 2
A. 6𝑥 − 4 B. 6𝑥 𝑑𝑥 C. ( 6𝑥 − 4 )𝑑𝑥 D. −4𝑥 𝑑𝑥
5. Refer to number 4, what is ∫(3𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 2 )4 (3𝑥 − 2) 𝑑𝑥 ?
1 5 1
A. 𝑢 +C B. ( 3𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 2)5 + C
10 5
1 1
C. ( 3𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 2)5 + C D. ( 3𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 2)4 + C
10 5
1
6. If the ∫ 6 𝑑𝑥 is rewritten to∫ 𝑥 −6 𝑑𝑥, what is then its antiderivative?
𝑥
𝑥 −5 𝑥 −5 𝑥5 𝑥5
𝐴. B. +𝐶 C. +𝐶 D. +𝐶
−5 −5 5 −5
7. If the ∫ 4√𝑢 𝑑𝑢 is re written to 4 ∫ 𝑢1/2 𝑑𝑢, what is then its antiderivative?
3 2
8𝑢2 8𝑢 83
𝐴. +𝐶 B. +𝐶 C. +𝐶 D. 8 𝑢 + 𝐶
3 3 3
8. Using the theorems on antidifferentiation. What is the ∫(−12𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 )𝑑𝑥?
𝐴. −4𝑥 3 − 𝑥 2 + 𝐶 B. 4𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 + 𝐶
C. 24𝑥 + 𝑥 + 𝐶
3 2 D. 24𝑥 + 2𝑥 + 𝐶
9. Evaluate ∫( 𝑥 2 + 5 )3 2𝑥𝑑𝑥. If we let 𝑢 = 𝑥 2 + 5, what is 𝑑𝑢?
2𝑥 2
𝐴. +𝐶 B. 2𝑥𝑑𝑥 C. 2𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 D. 𝑥 2 + 5 + 𝐶
2
10. Refer to number 9 item. What is ∫( 𝑥 2 + 5 )3 2𝑥𝑑𝑥?
4 4
𝑢4 ( 𝑥 2 +5 ) ( 2𝑥+5 )4 ( 𝑥 2 +5 )
𝐴. +𝐶 B. +𝐶 C. +𝐶 D. +𝐶
4 4 4 2
11. Evaluate ∫ √2𝑥 3 +7 𝑥2 𝑑𝑥.
1 3 1 3
1 3 3
𝐴. 𝑢2 + 𝐶 B. (2𝑥 3 )2 + 𝐶 C. (2𝑥 3 + 7)2 + 𝐶 D. (2𝑥 3 + 7)2 + 𝐶
9 9 9
12. Evaluate ∫( 4𝑥 2 − 5 )2 8𝑥𝑑𝑥?
8𝑥 2 (4𝑥 2 −5 )3 (4𝑥 2 −5 )3
𝐴. 8𝑥 2 + 𝐶 B. +𝐶 C. +𝐶 D. +𝐶
2 2 3
( 3𝑥 2 −2 )
13. Which of the following is the ∫ (𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥?
−2𝑥 )5
(3𝑥 2 −2)−4 (3𝑥 2 −2)4 (3𝑥 2 +2)−4 (2𝑥 2 −2)−4
𝐴. − +𝐶 B. +𝐶 C. +𝐶 D. +𝐶
4 4 4 4
14. If we evaluate ∫ 𝑥 ( 5 + 2𝑥 ) 𝑑𝑥, and let 𝑢 = 5 + 2𝑥 , what is 𝑑𝑢?
2 3 8 3
𝐴. 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 B. 6𝑥 𝑑𝑥 C. 6𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 D. (5 + 2𝑥 3 )𝑑𝑥
15. Refer to number 14, what is ∫ 𝑥 2 ( 5 + 2𝑥 3 )8 𝑑𝑥?
1 1
𝐴. ( 5 + 2𝑥)9 + 𝐶 B. ( 5 + 2𝑥 3 )9 + 𝐶
54 54
1 1
C. ( 5 + 2𝑥 3 ) + 𝐶 D. ( 5𝑥 + 2𝑥 3 ) + 𝐶
54 54
References
Printed Materials:
Department of Education, (2016), Basic Calculus Learner’s Material Pasig
City, Philippines
Neil Jerome Egarguin ( 2017), Basic Calculus for Senior High School,
Quezon City, Philippines: C and E.
Key Answer:
Pre-Test
1. B 6. B 11. C
2. A 7. A 12. D
3. C 8. A 13. A
4. D 9. B 14. C
5. C 10. B 15. B
Jumpstart
Column A Column B.
1. A,D,B,C 1. C,A,B
2. A,D,C,B 2. B,A,C
Explore
Activity 1 Activity 2
1. B 1. B
2. C 2. D
3. A 3. A
4. D 4. C
5. E 5. E
Deepen
Enrichment Activity 1. Enrichment Activity 2.
𝑧2 1 3
1. A - ∫ 𝑑𝑧 = ∫ ∗ 𝑧 2 𝑑𝑧 1.
(𝑥 2 −6)2
+𝐶
√1+𝑧 3 √1+𝑧 3
3
2 101
𝐹 = ( 1 + 𝑧 3) + 𝐶 2.
(𝑥−5)
+𝐶
3 101
4𝑥 3 1
2. B = +𝐶 3. +𝐶
3 4(𝑥 3 −2𝑥)4
5
( 3𝑥 2 −4𝑥+2 ) 1
C= +C 4. ( 3𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 2)5 + 𝐶
5 10
Gauge
1. B 6. B 11. C
2. A 7. A 12. D
3. C 8. A 13. A
4. C 9. B 14. C
5. C 10. B 15. B