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Class–10 Mathematics
NCERT solution
Chapter - 5
Arithmetic Progressions - Exercise 5.2
1. Find the missing variable from a, d, n and an, where a is the first term, d is the
(i) a = 7, d = 3, n = 8
Ans. (i) a = 7, d = 3, n = 8
Using formula
= 7 + (8 − 1) 3
= 7 + (7) 3 = 7 + 21 = 28
Using formula
Putting values of a, ,
⇒ 0 = −18 + 9d
⇒ 18 = 9d ⇒ d = 2
Using formula
Putting values of d, ,
–5 = a + (18 – 1) (–3)
⇒ −5 = a + (17) (−3)
⇒ −5 = a – 51 ⇒ a = 46
Using formula
Putting values of d, ,
⇒ 2.5n = 25 ⇒ n = 10
Using formula
⇒ ⇒
(A) 97
(B) 77
(C) –77
(D) –87
(A) 28
(B) 22
(C) –38
(D)
= −3 + (11 – 1) = −3 + 25 = 22
(i) 2, __ , 26
Ans. (i) 2, __ , 26
x – 2 = 26 – x
⇒ 2x = 28 ⇒ x = 14
y – 13 = 3 – y
⇒ 2y = 16 ⇒ y = 8
And 13 – x = y – 13
⇒ x + y = 26
But, we have y = 8,
⇒ x + 8 = 26⇒ x = 18
= 5 + (4 − 1) d
⇒ = 5 + 3d
⇒ 19 = 2 (5 + 3d)
⇒ 19 = 10 + 6d
⇒ 6d = 19 – 10
Second term = a + d =
= −4 + (6 − 1) d
⇒ 6 = −4 + 5d
⇒ 5d = 10 ⇒ d = 2
a2 = a + (2 − 1) d and a6 = a + (6 − 1) d
⇒ 38 = a + d and −22 = a + 5d
These are equations in two variables, we can solve them using any method.
−22 = 38 – d + 5d
⇒ 4d = −60
⇒ d = −15
38 = a – 15⇒ a = 53
First term = a = 53
= 3 + (n − 1) 5,
⇒ 78 = 3 + (n − 1) 5
⇒ 75 = 5n − 5
⇒ 80 = 5n⇒ n = 16
And
205 = 7 + (n − 1) 6 = 7 + 6n – 6
⇒ 205 = 6n + 1
⇒ 204 = 6n⇒ n = 34
And
−47 = 18 + (n − 1)
= 36 − n +
⇒ −94 = 36 − 5n + 5
⇒ 5n = 135 ⇒ n = 27
Ans. Let −150 is the nth of AP 11, 8, 5, 2... which means that
−150 = 11 + (n − 1) (−3)
⇒ −150 = 11 − 3n + 3
⇒ 3n = 164 ⇒ n =
Ans. Here
We have, 38 = a + 10d
⇒ a = 38 − 10d
73 = 38 − 10d + 15d
⇒ 35 = 5d
38 = a + 70
⇒ a = −32
29th term.
Ans. An AP consists of 50 terms and the 50th term is equal to 106 and
= a + (50 − 1) d And = a + (3 − 1) d
12 = 106 − 49d + 2d
⇒ 47d = 94 ⇒ d = 2
To find 29th term, we use formula which is used to find nth term of
arithmetic progression,
= 8 + (29 − 1) 2 = 8 + 56 = 64
9. If the third and the ninth terms of an AP are 4 and –8 respectively, which term of this
AP is zero?
Ans. It is given that 3rd and 9th term of AP are 4 and –8 respectively.
4 = a + (3 – 1) d And, –8 = a + (9 – 1) d
⇒ 4 = a + 2d and −8 = a + 8d
−8 = 4 − 2d + 8d
⇒ −12 = 6d ⇒ d = −2
−8 = a + 8 (−2)
⇒ −8 = a – 16 ⇒ a = 8
0 = 8 + (n − 1) (−2)
⇒ 0 = 8 − 2n + 2
⇒ 0 = 10 − 2n
⇒ 2n = 10⇒ n = 5
Ans. (1)
a + 16d = a + 9d + 7
⇒ 7d = 7
⇒ d = 1
11. Which term of the AP: 3, 15, 27, 39... will be 132 more than its 54th term?
We want to find which term is 132 more than its 54th term.
Let us suppose it is nth term which is 132 more than 54th term.
⇒ 3 + (n − 1) 12 = 639 + 132
⇒ 3 + 12n – 12 = 771
⇒ 12n = 780
⇒ n = 65
12. Two AP's have the same common difference. The difference between their 100th
⇒ a − a′ = 100… (1)
We want to find difference between their 1000th terms which means we want to calculate:
= a + 999d − a′ − 999d = a – a′
Ans. We have AP starting from 105 because it is the first three digit number divisible by 7.
AP will end at 994 because it is the last three digit number divisible by 7.
⇒ 994 = 105 + 7n − 7
⇒ 896 = 7n ⇒ n = 128
248 = 12 + (n − 1) (4)
⇒ 248 = 12 + 4n − 4
⇒ 240 = 4n
⇒ n = 60
So, we can say that there are 60 multiples of 4 which lie between 10 and 250.
15. For what value of n, are the nth terms of two AP's: 63, 65, 67... and 3, 10, 17... equal?
an = 63 + (n − 1) (2)… (1)
an = 3 + (n − 1) (7)… (2)
(1) = (2)
⇒ 63 + (n − 1) (2) = 3 + (n − 1) (7)
⇒ 63 + 2n – 2 = 3 + 7n − 7
16. Determine the AP whose third term is 16 and the 7th term exceeds the 5th term by
12.
16 = a + (3 − 1) (d)
⇒ 16 = a + 2d… (1)
⇒ a + (7 – 1) d = a + (5 – 1) d + 12
⇒ 2d = 12 ⇒ d = 6
16 = a + 2 (6) ⇒ a = 4
Ans. We want to find 20th term from the last term of given AP.
Therefore, the 20th term from the last term of given AP is 158.
18. The sum of the 4th and 8th terms of an AP is 24 and the sum of 6th and 10th terms is
44. Find the three terms of the AP.
Ans. The sum of 4th and 8th terms of an AP is 24 and sum of 6th and 10th terms is 44.
and
=> a + (4 − 1) d + [a + (8 − 1) d] = 24
And, a + (6 − 1) d + [a + (10 − 1) d] = 44
⇒ a + 3d + a + 7d = 24
And a + 5d + a + 9d = 44
⇒ a + 5d = 12 And a + 7d =22
12 − 5d + 7d = 22
⇒ 12 + 2d = 22
⇒ 2d = 10
⇒ d = 5
a = 12 – 5 (5) = 12 – 25 = −13
19. Subba Rao started work in 1995 at an annual salary of Rs 5000 and received an
increment of Rs 200 each year. In which year did his income reach Rs 7000?
⇒ 2200 = 200n
⇒ n = 11
20. Ramkali saved Rs. 5 in the first week of a year and then increased her weekly
savings by Rs. 1.75. If in the nth week, her weekly savings become Rs 20.75, find n.
Ans. Ramkali saved Rs. 5 in the first week of year. It means first term = a = 5
Ramkali increased her weekly savings by Rs 1.75.
Therefore, common difference = d = Rs 1.75
Money saved by Ramkali in the second week = a + d = 5 + 1.75 = Rs 6.75
Money saved by Ramkali in the third week = 6.75 + 1.75 = Rs 8.5
Therefore, it is an AP of the form:5, 6.75, 8.5 ... , 20.75
We want to know in which week her savings become 20.75.
20.75 = 5 + (n − 1) (1.75)
⇒ 20.75 = 5 + 1.75n − 1.75
⇒ 17.5 = 1.75n
⇒ n = 10