FIRST YEAR MBBS_ BIOCHEMISTRY_ CH_01_ BIOMOLECULES AND THE CELL

 Six basic elements = C, H, N, O, P, S

 Cell is the basic unit of bilogical activity.
 The macromolecules form the supramolecular assemblies(i.e membrane).
 Largest cellular organelle is Nucleus
 Nucleus contains rRNA
 Mitochondria have developed from aerobic bacteria
 Golgi apparats is involved in membrane synthesis of intracellular organelles.
 H2O2 is converted into H2O and O2 in the presence of enzyme,CATALASE present in the peroxisome.

PROKARYOTIC CHARACTER
 Histone is absent
 Enzymes of energy metabolism are bounded to membrane
 Cell division by fission (NO MITOSIS)
ENZYME SUBSTRATE BIOMOLECULES MONOMERS
Alpha glucosidase Glucose Protein Aminoaacid
Cathepsins Proteins Carbohydrate Monosacchride
Lipid Glycerol, Fatty acid
DNA Deoxyribo nucleotide
RNA Ribo nucleotide

CLINICAL COLRELLATES
 LIPOPROTEIN = Pigment of aging rich in lipid and protein, accumulates in lysosomes
 ZEWWEGER SNDROME = Absence of functional peroxisome
 INSULSION CELL DISEASE (I-CELL DISEASE) = due to absence of certain hydrolases in
lysosomes
 HUTCHINSON-GILFORD PROGERIA SYNDROME (HGPS) = It is rare condition of aging begining
of birth due to abnormal Lamina-A protein.
 PEROXISOME BIOGENESIS DISEASE (PBD) = Due to increased level of long chain fatty acids
(C24 & C26) & decreased level of plasmalogens.
 ARTHRITIS = leakage if lysosomal enzyme.

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